• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.506-515
• /
• 2020

Surfing is a sport sensitive to changes in the natural environment, using naturally occurring waves. In other words, factors such as the construction of coastal structures, coastal erosion, and sediment transportation could cause the wave to change into a direction inappropriate for surfing at the shore where surfable waves were reaching. In this study, we call the characteristics of the coastal environment that affect the formation of surfable waves as surfing resources, which is subsequently analyzed by coastal engineering methodologies. Also, using Delft3D-WAVE module (SWAN model), a way to evaluate sustainability of surfable wave is suggested through analysis of surfing resources at Jukdo, Yangyang, Gangwon Province, Republic of Korea.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to evaluate an environmental education model school and to devise proper plans for school management through the school eco-audit. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, environmental education model school is analysed from view point of planning and executing. So that, environmental education model school put emphasis on executing rather than planning. It requires to emphasis planning, for example, establishing environment management system, ecological measures, environment reporting. Secondly, environmental education model school is in the incipient stage as the environment prevention. The preparation for planning is inefficient compared to the ecological pretest of school eco-audit. In the aspect of ecological measures and education, the participant of all the school staff is unsatisfactory. In conclusion, the school eco-audit could be presented as a key role for establishing basic organizational conditions, ecological measures and education for sustainable development, It is necessary to drive environmental education model school to achieve extended effect for sustainable society.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.316-324
• /
• 2012

This research shows the improved methodology which can be applied for universities which want to set up their GHG inventories. In other words, we tried to make guideline in problems due to the unique characteristics of universities. This guideline will help university to deal with the problems they are facing: For example university has less enforcement in operational control compared to the business sector. And it also has various usage of facilities, although these facilities are not maintained by same principal agent. The difference between owner and manager is an another reason for difficulty in setting group organization. The improved and adaptable methods responding to these problems were suggested from this research. The results of this research says the new definition of function for various actors in university for quality control and quality assurance. Because the suggestions made in this research which concerns with criteria for building of universities' GHG inventories were all read by current legislation, there is an anticipation that this can be an official guideline that can be applied to the universities right away.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
• /
• v.10 no.S_1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2001

An emergy evaluation of the natural environment ant economy of Seoul revealed that Seoul used 1.27 E23 sej/yr of emergy in 1997. The emergy input from the Han River accounted for most of the renewable emergy sources. Emergy imported from foreign countries and other parts of Korea accounted for 97% of the total emergy use in Seoul in 1997, revealing that the economy of Seoul is more dependent on outside emergy sources than for the entire Korean economy. The emergy use per unit area(2.09 E14 sej/$m^2$/yr) was higher than that for the entire country or Pusan, whereas the emergy use per capita(1.22 E16 sej/person/yr) was lower than that for the entire country or Pusan. These results reflect the overcrowded conditions in Seoul where about one fourth of the Korean population now live. They also seem to indicate a lower living standard in Seoul than the average in Korea. The quality of living in Seoul could also be judged by a high environmental loading ratio and a low sustainability index. All there indices suggest that people in Seoul live under a higher environmental stress than the average person in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.183-189
• /
• 2023

As South Korea faces a general decline in population, similar to other regions, its rural areas are also experiencing a downward trend. This study examines how the scale and shifts in population within rural towns(eup·myeon) are affecting the number of essential services such as hospitals, laundry shops, and beauty salons. Our analysis encompassed the populations of 1,403 towns, excluding nine areas due to lack of data as of 2020. Since the availability of basic services can vary with population size, we normalized the figures to reflect the number of services per 10,000 people, allowing for a comparative analysis across different population sizes. Generally, areas with more people showed an increase in the number of services per capita. Our review of changes from 2000 to 2020 revealed patterns in how service numbers adjust with population variations. Future research should delve into more detailed trends of these facilities and forecast the rural population's future to ensure that residents in areas where service sustainability may be challenging will have full access to necessary services.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.63-76
• /
• 2010

A law facilitating a family-friendly social environment was legislated in December 2007. According to the law, projects for facilitating a family-friendly social environment consisted of a family-friendly working environment, a community environment, and the promotion of a family-friendly culture. There has been much progress in developing a family-friendly working environment through projects such as those advocating for flexible work hours, an employee support system, and child care and a family care support system. However, in terms of a family-friendly community environment project, there was no noticeable advancement. Hence, this study was conducted to find ways to vitalize the family-friendly village project in terms of the family-friendly community environment project. The major findings of this study were as follows: A family-friendly village could be structured on the three axes of time, space, and relation. The model of the family-friendly village project consists of the following three steps: motivation, systematization, and participating & practicing. In the motivation step, integration, community, and sustainability were needed as basic ideologies for a family-friendly village. In the systematization step, providing systematic educational systems for residents taking on leadership and activist roles was stressed. In the participating & practicing step, many ways to facilitate residents' social relationships were suggested: starting the project from matters of common interests, making the resolution of families' problems a communal task of the residents, accepting the opinions of various groups associated with the matter, and taking a differentiated project process according to the geographic, socio-economic, and demographic characteristics of the groups. It is strongly suggested that the family-friendly village should be taken as a common functional scheme in everyone of eight livable village models because a key factor in a family-friendly village, family care, serves an essential function in any livable village model.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.55 no.5
• /
• pp.477-495
• /
• 2022

This study examined the sustainability of CO₂-rich water by analyzing the water level and water quality change pattern with the amount of its use in Angseong area, Chungju. The origin and supply of CO₂ component were discussed in consideration of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio, occurrence of CO₂-rich fluid inclusions in nearby W-Mo deposits and other surrounding geological characteristics. According to the data from 1986 to 2017, the depth of the water level of CO₂-rich water was significantly lowered in the late period (2009-2015) than in the early period (1986-1992) of the development of hot spa wells, and the optimal yields for pumping tests also showed a tendency to gradual decrease. Concentrations of CO₂ component also decreased continuously in the later stages compared to the early stages of development, but it has been stable since 2012. It is inferred that the geological environment related to forming W-Mo quartz vein deposits (0.5×1.5×several km) around the study area are largely involved in the origin and supply of CO₂ component, and the supply of CO₂ component is not infinitely supplied from deep current magma activity. Rather, since it is finitely supplied from a restricted subsurface region formed in the past geological period, it is necessary to efficiently control its use in order to maintain the sustainability of CO₂-rich water in the study area.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.636-650
• /
• 2020

A modeling system that can consider the overall water environment and be used to integrate hydrology, water quality, and aquatic ecosystem on a watershed scale is essential to support decision-making in integrated water resources management (IWRM). In adapting imported models for evaluating the unique water environment in Korea, a platform perspective is becoming increasingly important. In this study, a modeling platform is defined as an ecosystem that continuously grows and provides sustainable values through voluntary participation- and interaction-of all stakeholders- not only experts related to model development, but also model users and decision-makers. We assessed the conceptual values provided by the IWRM modeling platform in terms of openness, transparency, scalability, and sustainability. I We also reviewed the technical aspects of functional and spatial integrations in terms of socio-economic factors and user-centered multi-scale climate-forecast information. Based on those conceptual and technical aspects, we evaluated potential modeling platforms such as Source, FREEWAT, Object Modeling System (OMS), OpenMI, Community Surface-Dynamics Modeling System (CSDMS), and HydroShare. Among them, CSDMS most closely approached the values suggested in model development and offered a basic standard for easy integration of existing models using different program languages. HydroShare showed potential for sharing modeling results with the transparency expected by model user-s. Therefore, we believe that can be used as a reference in development of a modeling platform appropriate for managing the unique integrated water environment in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.56-64
• /
• 2017

Soil quality has been regarded as an important factor for maintaining sustainability of ecosystem. Main purpose of this research was i) to select minimum factor for predicting biomass, and ii) to calculate soil quality index for biomass according to soil chemical properties. Result showed that soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and available phosphorus are minimum data set for calculating biomass production in soil. Selected representative soil chemical properties were evaluated for soil quality index and rated from 1 to 5 (1 is the best for biomass production). Percentage of each grade in terms of biomass production in national wide was 14.52, 35.23, 33.03, 6.47, 10.75% respectively. Although, only soil chemical properties were evaluated for calculating optimum soil quality, result of this research can be useful to understand basic protocol of soil quality assessment in national wide.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.55-77
• /
• 1999

As the population grows, the importance of the fishery industry continues to rise. It is therefore vital to support and promote sustainable fishery industry. However, the fishery production has been declining, mainly due to overdevelopment and depletion in fishery resources and stricter limits on development limits caused by growing concerns over the marine environment and ecology. Recently, international activities related to marine environmental and its ecosystems conservation, have been vigorously pursued. The United Nations Convention on The Law of The Sea has stipulated the protection and conservation of the marine environment, and the implementation of fishery resources development, made in harmony with the environment and fishery resources and based upon scientific findings and principles has become important. Accordingly, fishery industry must pay thorough attention to marine ecological and environmental problems and its international fisheries regime. Fisheries development can affect fishery resources, their environment and ecosystems. Adverse ecological effects resulting from fishery resources development practices in general include overdevelopment and incidental development of non target species, physical degradation of seabed habitants and degraduation of water quality. It has now become more important than ever to build up fishery resources development while achieving the conservation of biodiversity and the marine environment, as well as the restoration of destroyed ecosystems. To maintain fishery industry, it is necessary to develop bioeconomic fishery production system and industry policies for the ESSD(environmentally sound and sustainable development) given that maintenance of a favourable marine environment will ensure the fishery resources productivity. These bioeconomic system and policies are necessary to ensure the sustainability and viability of the fishery industry under ESSD fisheries concepts.