• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.53-54
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• 2013

Nano-multilayered CrAlSiN films consisting of crystalline CrN nanolayers and amorphous AlSiN nanolayers were deposited by cathodic arc plasma deposition. Their oxidation characteristics were studied between 600 and $1000^{\circ}C$ for up to 70 h in air. During their oxidation, the amorphous AlSiN nanolayers crystallized. The formed oxides consisted primarily of $Cr_2O_3$, ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$, $SiO_2$. The outer $Al_2O_3$ layer formed by outward diffusion of Al ions. Simultaneously, an inner ($Al_2O_3$, $Cr_2O_3$)-mixed layer formed by the inward diffusion of oxygen ions. $SiO_2$ was present mainly in the lower part of the oxide layer due to its immobility. The CrAlSiN films displayed good oxidation resistance, owing to the formation of oxide crystallites of $Cr_2O_3$, ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$, and amorphous $SiO_2$.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2014

The $Cr_2AlC$ carbides oxidized at 700, 850 and $1000^{\circ}C$ in air from 70 hours up to 360 days. They oxidized according to the reaction; $Cr_2AlC+O_2{\rightarrow}{\alpha}-Al_2O_3+CO(g)$. The scales consisted primarily of the thin, essentially pure $Al_2O_3$ layer and the underlying Al-dissolved $Cr_7C_3$ layer. They grew via the outward diffusion of Al and carbon, and the inward diffusion of oxygen. The oxidation resistance of $Cr_2AlC$ was excellent due to the formation of the protective $Al_2O_3$ layer. Even when $Cr_2AlC$ oxidized at $1000^{\circ}C$ for 360 days, the ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ layer was only about 4 ${\mu}m$-thick.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2011

Gas diffusion layer(GDL) in PEMFC performs the discharge of water vapor smoothly. When GDL is revealed to cold environment, the freezing of the water droplet or water net in GDL occurs. The purpose of this work is to observe the cooling and freezing behavior of the water droplet which meets to the microporous surface and air under the various low temperature conditions. GDL was coated with waterproof material, which has three types of coating rate, 0, 40 and 60%. Water droplets in series of sizes on GDL were supercooled, frozen and crystalized orderly by circulating low temperature brine. The process of cooling was investigated with the temperature and the snapshot of the water droplet.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1284-1293
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• 1997

The electrostatic effect on particle deposition onto a heated, Horizontal free-standing wafer surface was investigated numerically. The deposition mechanisms considered were convection, Brownian and turbulent diffusion, sedimentation, thermophoresis and electrostatic force. The electric charge on particle needed to calculate the electrostatic migration velocity induced by the local electric field was assumed to be the Boltzmann equilibrium charge. The electrostatic forces acted upon the particle included the Coulombic, image, dielectrophoretic and dipole-dipole forces based on the assumption that the particle and wafer surface are conducting. The electric potential distribution needed to calculate the local electric field around the wafer was calculated from the Laplace equation. The averaged and local deposition velocities were obtained for a temperature difference of 0-10 K and an applied voltage of 0-1000 v.The numerical results were then compared with those of the present suggested approximate model and the available experimental data. The comparison showed relatively good agreement between them.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.44-52
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• 1977

透析係數가 常數로서 나타날 수 있는 條件究明의 一環으로서 透析液 單位體積當의 透析膜面積인 比表面積과 透析膜孔의 크기가 透析에 미치는 영향을 究明하였다. 1回의 透析實驗에서 任意時間區間마다 任意부피의 透析液試料를 잇따라 菜取하는 方法(間歇試料菜取法이라 呼稱하기로 함)은 透析係數를 求하는 方法으로서 採擇할 수 있음과, 또한 透析膜孔이 상당히 크더라도 膜을 通한 擴散係數는 自由擴散係數에 미치지 못함을 밝히었다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2010

This paper deals with the Design and Analysis of a Controlled Diffusion Aerofoil (CDA) Blade Section for an Axial Compressor Stator and Effect of incidence angle and Mach No. on Performance of CDA. CD blade section has been designed at Axial Flow Compressor Research Lab, Propulsion Division of National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore, as per geometric procedure specified in the U.S. patent (4). The CFD analysis has been performed by a 2-D Euler code (Denton's code), which gives surface Mach No. distribution on the profiles. Boundary layer computations were performed by a 2-D boundary layer code (NALSOF0801) available in the SOFFTS library of NAL. The effect of variation of Mach no. was performed using fluent. The surface Mach no. distribution on the CD profile clearly indicates lower peak Mach no. than MCA profile. Further, boundary layer parameters on CD aerofoil at respective incidences have lower values than corresponding MCA blade profile. Total pressure loss on CD aerofoil for the same incidence range is lower than MCA blade profile.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.700-706
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• 1996

We present the results of molecular dynamics simulations of monolayers of long-chain alkyl thiol [S(CH2)15CH3] molecules on an air-solid interface using the extended collapsed atom model for the chain-molecule and a gold surface for the solid surface. Several molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on monolayers with areas per molecule ranging from 18.30 to 32.10 Å2/molecule. It is found that there exist three possible transitions: a continuous transition characterized by a change in molecular configuration without change in lattice structure, a sudden transition characterized by the distinct lattice defects and perfect islands, and a third transition characterized by the appearance of a random, liquid-like state. The analysis of probability distributions of the segments shows that the structure of the chain-molecules at the air-solid interface is completely different from that at the air-water interface in the view of the degree of overlap of the probability distributions of the neighbor segments. The calculated diffusion coefficients of the chain-molecules on the monolayers seem to be not directly related to any one of the three transitions. However, the large diffusion of the molecules enhanced by the increment of the area per molecule may induce the second transition.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2019

Stability and activity of boron doped diamond (BDD) electrode are key factors for water treatment. In this study, BDD electrodes were prepared on various substrates such as Nb, Si, Ti, and $TiN_x/Ti$ by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method. BDD/Ti film showed the delamination between BDD and Ti substrate due to the formation of TiC layer caused by diffusion of carbon. On the other hand, $BDD/TiN_x/Ti$ showed remarkably improved stability, compared to BDD/Ti. It was confirmed that $TiN_x$ intermediate layer act as barrier layer for diffusion of carbon. High potential window of 2.8 eV was maintained on the $BDD/TiN_x/Ti$ electrode and, better wastewater treatment capability and longer electrode working life than BDD/Nb, BDD/Si and BDD/Ti were obtained.

• 멤브레인
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.167-181
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• 2017

그래핀 기반 소재는 높은 가공성과 초박성으로 인하여 분리막 소재로서 각광받고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 스핀 코팅법을 이용하여 제조된 산화그래핀 분리막의 기체 투과 거동을 평가하였다. 산화그래핀 분리막의 구조는 산화그래핀의 크기와 산화그래핀 용액의 pH 조절을 통하여 조절될 수 있다. 산화그래핀의 크기가 작을수록 굴곡률이 작아짐에 따라 분리막의 기체 투과도 및 선택도가 증가하는 경향을 보인다. 또한 산화그래핀에서의 기체 투과 거동은 적층된 산화그래핀 사이의 채널크기에 따라 영향을 받는다. 특히 산화그래핀 분리막의 좁은 기공과 이산화탄소 선택적인 산화그래핀 자체의 특성으로 인하여 산화그래핀 분리막은 이산화탄소에 대한 높은 투과도 및 선택성을 가지며, 이는 이산화탄소 포집에 적합한 특성을 가진다. 이러한 산화그래핀 분리막의 특이한 기체 투과 거동은 흡착-촉진 확산 거동(표면 확산 기작)으로 설명될 수 있다. 본 연구를 통하여 이산화탄소 선택성 분리막 소재 설계와 슬릿 형태의 기공과 적층 구조를 가진 분리막을 통한 기체 투과 거동 연구가 활발히 이루어질 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.532-540
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 PET 초극세사의 분산염료 등온흡착염색에서 염료의 분배계수와 표준친화력의 시료 굵기에 따른 영향성과 확산계수의 온도 의존성을 알아보았다. 염색은 해도형 초극세사 0.2, 0.06, 0.01 dpf 급과 일반 극세사 0.5 dpf 급을 anthraquinone계 염료 C.I. Disperse Blue 56으로 무한염욕조건 100, 110, 120, $130^{\circ}C$에서 등온염색을 진행하였다. 그 결과 Nernst type과 잘 일치하는 분산염료의 시료 굵기별 등온흡착곡선을 얻었다. 해도형 PET 초극세사의 해성분 용출은 NaOH 수용액을 이용한 PET 알칼리 가공을 통하여 이루어졌다. 염색에 사용된 분산염료는 흡광도 측정을 토대로 고온에서 장시간 염색 진행시 안정성이 확보됨을 확인하였다. 초극세사의 염색은 결론적으로 동일 온도에서 굵기가 감소함에 따라 시료 표면적의 증가로 인해 분배계수 및 표준친화력은 증가하였다. 모든 굵기에서 염색현상은 발열반응이기 때문에 염색 온도가 증가할수록 분배계수가 감소하였고 이에 따라 표준친화력은 동일 굵기에서 대략 9% 감소하였다. 또한 굵기가 감소할수록 동일 온도에서 최대로 염착되는 염료 농도가 증가하였고, 염색 과정에서 발생되는 염색열은 0.01 dpf 초극세사에서 -10.64 kcal/mol로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 시료 굵기가 감소할수록 염액과 접촉 가능한 표면적은 증가하였지만, 그에 반해 초극세사 사이의 공간이 조밀하게 되어 염액이 원활히 이동하기 어렵게 된다. 그 때문에 확산계수는 시료의 굵기가 극세화될수록 감소하였다. 이러한 경향성은 고온으로 갈수록 더 뚜렷하게 나타났으며. 시료의 굵기가 증가할수록 확산계수의 온도 의존성은 $130^{\circ}C$에서 40%까지 증가하였다.