• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 1998

The purpose of present study was to compare the effects of somatostatin (SOM) and morphine (Mor) on the responses of wide dynamic range (WDR) cells to peripheral noxious stimulation. Single neuronal activity was recorded with a carbon-filament electrode at the lumbosacral enlargement of cat spinal cord. After identifying WDR cells, their responses to peripheral noxious mechanical or thermal stimuli were characterized and the effects of SOM and Mor, applied either iontophoretically or intrathecally, were studied. In most cells SOM and Mor suppressed noxious stimulus-evoked WDR neuronal activity, though a few WDR neurons showed no change or were excited by SOM and Mor. Systemically applied naloxone, a non-specific opioid antagonist, always reversed the Mor induced suppression of neuronal activity evoked by noxious mechanical stimuli, but did not always reverse the suppression of neuronal activity elicited by SOM. The suppressive effect of Mor on thermal stimulus-evoked neuronal activity was partially reversed by naloxone, while that of SOM were not reversed at all. The above results suggest that both Mor and SOM exert an inhibitory effect on thermal and mechanical stimulus-evoked WDR neuronal activity in cat spinal dorsal horn, but the mechanisms are dependent upon the functional populations of dorsal horn nociceptive neurons.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.409-415
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• 1997

The influences of dietary supplement of citron tea on the hepatocellular chemical carcinogenesis have been studied by examining placental glutathione S-transferase(GST-P) positive foci area in a liver tissue, contents of total cytochrome P450, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and glucose 6-phosphatase(G6Pase) in hepatic microsome and glutathione S-transferase(GST) activity. Weaning Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed AIN76 diet with or without citron tea supplement. Rats of CTR and CTR+ groups were fed diet without citron tea supplement while CDI and CDI+ groups were fed diet with citron tea supplement for the entire experimental period(13 weeks). Rats of CDP and CDP+ groups were fed diet without citron tea supplement for the first 7 weeks and swiched to citron tea containing diet for the last 6 weeks of experimental period. CTR+, CDI+ and CDP+ groups were carcinogen treated group. Diethylnitrosamine(DEN) was used as a carcinogen initiator and injected to the rats of carcinogen treated groups as a single dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally after 4 weeks of feeding. 2-Acethylaminofiuorene(AAF) was used as a carcinogen promoter and supplied in the diets of carcinogen treated rats as 0.02% content for the last 6 weeks starting from 2 weeks after DEN injection. Rats were sacrificed after 13 weeks of feeding. Liver/body weight ratio and GST activities were increased by carcinogen treatment. However, they were not changed by citron tea supplement. Total cytochrome P450 contents were not changed by carcinogen treatment or citron tea supplement. TBARS contents of carcinogen treated rats showed tendency to decrease by citron tea supplement. G6Pase activity decreased by carcinogen treatment and citron tea supplement. The area of GST-P positive foci detected in carcinogen treated rats were decreased by citron tea supplement and not affected by the timing and the duration of citron tea supplement. These results suggest that citron tea has suppressive effects on hepatocellular chemical carcinogenesis probably through antioxidant compounds by decreasing TBARS contents.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2014

Twenty five methanolic plant extracts were investigated to determine the anticancer activity against sonic hedgehog (shh)/Gli signaling pathway dependent cancer, PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells, through three screening programs. All extracts were inspected their inhibitory properties on sonic hedgehog-conditioned medium (shh-CM) induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in C3H10T1/2 mouse mesenchymal stem cells to examine whether the plant extracts affect the shh/Gli signaling pathway. Next, plant extracts were screened the ability to suppress the cell proliferation of PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. Finally, active plant extracts from the two screening systems were evaluated for the suppressive effect on Gli-mediated transcriptional activity in PANC-1 cells. Among active plants, Cinnamomum cassia suppressed Gli-mediated transcriptional activity leading to the down-regulated expression of Gli-target genes such as Gli-1 and Patched-1 (Ptch-1). This study provides the consideration for the important role of natural products in drug discovery process as well as the basis for the further analysis of active plant and potential identification of novel bioactive compounds as inhibitors of Gli and therapeutic candidates against shh/Gli signaling pathway dependent cancers.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2015

p73 is a structural and functional homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. Like p53, p73 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and transactivates p53-responsive genes, conferring its tumor suppressive activity. In addition, p73 has unique roles in neuronal development and differentiation. The importance of p73-induced apoptosis lies in its capability to substitute the pro-apoptotic activity of p53 in various human cancer cells in which p53 is mutated or inactive. Despite the great importance of p73-induced apoptosis in cancer therapy, little is known about the molecular basis of p73-induced apoptosis. In this review, we discuss the p73 structures reported to date, detailed structural comparisons between p73 and p53, and current understanding of the transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms of p73-induced apoptosis.

• 생약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.137-141
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• 1990

The effects of various fractions from the aerial parts of Echinosophora koreensis Nakai on the antimutagenic and the immuno-regulating activities were evaluated by in vivo bone-marrow micronucleus test and HA titer reaction. No significant suppressive effects of these extracts and echinoisosophoranone were shown on cyclophosphamide-induced micronuclei, but HA titers were significantly enhanced in ether and BuOH extract treated-group. Tetracosanol and docosanol were isolated from the ether extract of this plant.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 1998

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Chungdaesan(CDS) by various administration routes on skin anaphylactic reaction. The most classic and popular skin reaction in vivo is passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) In this study, therefore, the author investigated the effect of CDS on PCA reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin E antibody The results showed that CDS potently suppressed orally, topically, intraperitoneally, and intradermally administered. However, it did not show suppressive activity when intravenously administered. In addition CDS significantly inhibited anti-DNP IgE induced mast degranulation in mice skin. Moreover, CDS suppressed anaphylactic histamine release from mast cells induced by anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin E antibody. These results indicate that CDS suppresses the PCA reaction by stabilization of mast cells in vivo and in vitro am] also suggest that the differential activity following administration routes may be caused by the difference of bioavailability.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.93.2-94
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• 2003

In our previous studies, we selected three antagonistic bacteria, KJ1R5, KJ2C12, and KJ9C8 against Phytophthora capsici, the casual agent of Phytophthora blight of pepper. For elucidating production, root colonization, and total microbial activity were investigated. The dual culture assay was accomplished to elucidate existence of antibiotics. In this assay, any antagonistic bacteria did not inhibit growth of six important fungal plant pathogens, suggesting that these antagonists do not produce antibiotics. root surface or rhizosphere soil colonizations were examined with spontaneous rifampicin-resistant mutants equal to antagonistic ability of wild types. KJ2C12 colonized consistently rhizosphere soil while yellowish colonies of KJ1R5 and KJ9C8 well colonized root surfaces and rhizosphere soil. Total microbial activity in pots treated with the antagonistic bacteria was measured using fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis. total microbial activity of three antagonistic bacteria treatments was significantly higher than that of buffer-treated control until 4days after treatment. However, total microbial activity of treatment of three antagonistic bacteria decreased after 7 days. These results indicate that the antagonistic bacteria, KJ1R5 and KJ9C8 colonized and protected roots well against Phytophthora blight of pepper through competition of infection courts, especially competitions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.402-407
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of effects of enprostil, a prostaglandin $E_2$, analogue, on liver triacylglycerol content and factors that regulate liver lipid metabolism in mice. Mice received vehicle or $10{\mu}g$ enprostil/kg body weight intraperitoneally every 6 h, and were killed at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after the first injection. Enprostil significantly lowered liver triacylglycerol content after 12 h of the first injection. However, the peroxisomal ${\beta}$-oxidation activity was inconsistent with the result of liver triacylglycerol content, because its activity was lovered by enprosil. In another experiment, the effect of enprostil on lipid metabolism in mice was investigated in a short period. Mice received $10{\mu}g$ enprostil/kg body weight intraperitoneally, and were killed after 0, 5, 10, 30 and 60 min. After 30 min, malic enzyme activity was significantly increased by the administration of enprostil compared with the activity at 5 min after. No significant changes in liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase and peroxisomal ${\beta}$-oxidation activities were observed. Plasma free fatty acid concentrations were markedly reduced from 5 through 60 min after the administration of enprostil. Consequently, enprostil suppressive effect on liver triacylglycerol concentration might result from the decreased entry of free fatty acid into liver.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2009

The present study was performed to identify changes of plasminogen activator (PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) in porcine oviduct epithelial cells (POECs) during the estrous cycle. POECs obtained from ovary in pre-ovulatory (Pre-Ov), early to mid-luteal stage (Early-mid L) and post-ovulatory stage (Post-Ov). For the examine of PA activity, $1{\times}10^5$ fresh cells of POECs were cultured in DMEM/Ham F-12 containing 10% FBS and 0.2% amphotericin under humidified atmosphere of 5% $CO_2$ in air and $38^{\circ}C$. The urokinase-type PA (uPA) was observed at 7 days of POECs culture. PA activity was measured with culture prolonged of 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after culture of 7 days. The PA activity were high significantly (p<0.05) at 12 h of culture, but PA activity were decreased with culture periods increased. The PA activity in POECs of Post-Ov stage were higher significantly (p<0.05) than that of Early-mid L and Pre-Ov stage. When PAI-1 and PAI-2 were added during the POECs culture, the PA were observed significant low activity (p<0.05). The PA activity and protein expression were decreased by PA inhibitor. This results suggest that PAI-1 and PAI-2 have a suppressive action on change of PA activity during the estrous cycle of pigs. Specifically, this study using PA inhibitor was effect the PA activity and PAI expression in oviduct epithelial cells in pigs.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2019

갯메꽃은 해안 사구에 분포하며 식물로 높은 환경 적응력을 가지고 있으며 갯메꽃은 항산화, 해열, 살균, 이뇨작용 등에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 암전이 과정에서 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려진 matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)의 일종인 MMP-2와 MMP-9의 활성에 대한 갯메꽃의 억제효과를 methylene chloride (MC) 및 methanol (MeOH) 추출물과 조추출물, 유기용매 분획물을 시료로 하여 인체 섬유육종 HT-1080 세포를 이용하여 ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent), gelatin zymography, Wound healing assay, RT-PCR, western blot 실험을 통해 조사하였다. 갯메꽃의 MC 및 MeOH 추출물, 조추출물과 4가지 유기용매 분획물이 HT-1080 세포에서 MMP-2와 MMP-9 생성 억제 활성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. 그 중에서도 n-hexane, 85% aq.MeOH 분획물이 전반적으로 MMP-2와 MMP-9에 대한 높은 억제활성을 보였다. 이들 결과로부터 85% aq.MeOH과 n-hexane 분획물에 MMP 억제 활성이 높은 물질이 존재할 것으로 추측되어지며, 갯메꽃 추출물 및 분획물이 암침윤 및 전이를 억제하는 효과적인 항암소재로서의 가능성이 있음을 제시한다. 이에 본 연구팀은 85% aq.MeOH과 n-hexane 분획물에 있는 활성물질을 분리하기 위한 연구를 추가적으로 수행할 계획이다.