• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.65-73
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to understand how regulatory mechanisms respond to sugar status for more efficient carbon utilization and source-sink regulation in plants. So, we need to identify and characterize many components of sugar-response pathways for a better understanding of sugar responses. For this end, genes responding change of sugar status were screened using Arabidpsis cDNA arrays, and confirmed thirty-six genes to be regulated by sucrose supply in detached leaves by RNA blot analysis. Eleven of them encoding proteins for amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were repressed by sugars. The remaining genes induced by sugar supply were for protein synthesis including ribosomal proteins and elongation factors. Among them, I focused on three hydrolase genes encoding putative $\beta$-galactosidase, $\beta$-xylosidase, and $\beta$-glucosidase that were transcriptionally induced in sugar starvation. Homology search indicated that these enzymes were involved in hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides. In addition to my results, recent transcriptome analysis suggested multiple genes for cell wall degradation were induced by sugar starvation. Thus, I hypothesized that enzyme for cell wall degradation were synthesized and secreted to hydrolyze cell wall polysaccharides producing carbon source under sugar-starved conditions. In fact, the enzymatic activities of these three enzymes increased in culture medium of Arabidopsis suspension cells under sugar starvation. The $\beta$-galactosidase encoded by At5g56870 was identified as a secretory protein in culture medium of suspension cells by mass spectrometry analysis. This protein was specifically detected under sugar-starved condition with a specific antibody. Induction of these genes was repressed in suspension cells grown with galactose, xylose and glucose as well as with sucrose. In planta, expression of the genes and protein accumulation were detected when photosynthesis was inhibited. Glycosyl hydrolase activity against galactan also increased during sugar starvation. Further, contents of cell wall polysaccharides especially pectin and hemicellulose were markedly decreased associating with sugar starvation in detached leaves. The amount of monosaccharide in pectin and hemicellulose in detached leaves decreased in response to sugar starvation. These results supported my idea that cell wall has one of function to supply carbon source in addition to determination of cell shape and physical support of plant bodies.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 스마트제조 공급기업의 지속가능한 성장을 위해, 스마트제조 생태계 현황을 조망하고 스마트제조 공급기업의 지속가능한 인력양성 정책 수립의 객관적인 근거자료로 활용코자 함이 목적이다. 따라서 국내 스마트제조 공급기업 2,200여개사(社), 수요기업 6,000여개사(社)에 설문지를 구성, 배포하여 공급기업 259개사(社), 수요기업 155개사(社)에서 응답을 받았다. 연구 결과, 공급 및 수요기업 모두 종합적 전문성을 보유한 디지털 융합형 인력 및 현장 중심의 디지털 전환 전문 인력이 필요하다고 나타났으며. 양성방법에는 재직자 교육 및 사후관리 교육에 대한 수요가 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 연구결과를 토대로 스마트제조 공급기업의 인력양성 정책적 제언을 제시함으로써 향후 한국의 스마트제조 공급산업의 글로벌 시장경쟁력을 강화하는데 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to present a model for operating an emergency power system(EPS) that can secure a sufficient power supply used in case of a fire by analyzing the status of power supplies for emergency and firefighting operations. Investigations on the one of the causes of the operational failure of firefighting systems show evidence of EPS. Generally, when power to a building is interrupted, EPS supplies the emergency load(excepted firefighting load) first. When a power outage and a fire occur simultaneously, the EPS must be able to supply both the emergency load and the firefighting load, especially the firefighting load to the end. However, in order to save construction costs, emergency power generators in apartment, commercial, and business buildings can satisfy only one of the required loads. In cases like this, when a power outage and a fire occur simultaneously, there is a danger of firefighting equipment not operating due to insufficient power supply from the emergency generator. Therefore, an EPS must have a reserved firefighting power that can supply both the firefighting and the emergency load. Such EPS, when faced with a danger of an overload, will shut down the supply to all or part of the emergency load, thus securing a continuous power supply to the firefighting equipment. The generator power system with reserved firefighting power (RFP) will also have an indicator to show that the selective control is being used. General power generation systems for emergency load and firefighting load were found to have a demand factor of 50-60% with a lump. However, when installing an EPS, the builders must choose the higher demand factor suggested according to the official approval demand factor of the building.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-139
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• 1999

Korean Oriental Medicine has experienced a dramatic status change since the 19th century. Korean Oriental Medicine had been the only authentic medicine, but lost its status and fell as an illegal medicine through the Japanese rule, and recently revived successfully. The dramatic change of Korean Oriental Medicine needs an explanation. This paper explored the cause of the dramatic change and found the following things. First, the medical policy of the State directly influenced to the status of Korean Oriental Medicine. During the Japanese rule, the medical policy for Korean Oriental Medicine was very oppressive. After Liberation, a kind of noninterference policy was carried out. The change of the medical policy gave direct influence to the status of Korean Oriental Medicine. Second, the needs for medical service have been expanded. At the same time, the concern for tradition has been increased. And the supply of Korean Oriental Medicine has also increased by the establishments of Korean Oriental Medicine departments. Third, the internal growth of Korean Oriental Medicine brought to elevating the status of Korean Oriental Medicine. After 1945, Korean Oriental Medicine endeavored to strengthen the organization and to activate the academic society. Based on the above factors, Korean Oriental Medicine has achieved a remarkable status change during last several decades. We can not skip Korean Oriental Medical doctors' desperate efforts to enhance the status of Korean Oriental Medicine. Korean Oriental Medicine achieved the modernization. It's difficult to find similar case. It can be a model of modernization of tradition.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2012

부산항은 개항 이래 지금까지 우리나라의 가장 중요한 무역관문 기능을 수행해 왔다. 하지만 1990년대 이후 중국의 세계경제 편입과 급속한 무역구조 변화에 따라 우리나라 무역관문체계는 큰 변화를 겪었으며 수출입 관문으로서 부산항의 위상에도 많은 변화가 있었다. 부산항은 지난 20년 동안 대일, 대미 무역에서의 역할은 상대적으로 더욱 중요해진 반면, 대중국 교역에서의 기여도는 오히려 감소하고 있다. 또한 주요 화물품목별 교역에서도 수출입 관문으로서 부산항의 경쟁력은 지속적으로 저하되는 추세이다. 이러한 현상은 수출입 공급사슬의 효율성을 제고하기 위해 무역관문간 경쟁이 심화되는 현실이 반영된 것이다. 특정 항만의 취급 화물 특성과 그 변화를 분석하는 노력은 항만을 배후지와 지향지의 핵심 연결고리로 이해했던 지리학의 연구전통에 부합하는 것이며, 오늘날 국제물류 현상의 역동적인 변화를 분석함에 있어 매우 유용한 연구방법이다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.35-51
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• 2010

This study aims at providing data for establishing a marketing strategy which can enhance the competitiveness of Korea domestic SPA(Specialty Store Retailer of Private Label Apparel) Brands by suggesting countermeasure strategy through the observation and analysis for SPA Brands, under the current circumstance in which the systematic and scholastic discussion for the matter, is lack, despite the diastrophism in fashion industry is prospected according to the rapid growth of Global SPA Brands. For this purpose, the characteristic and current status of Global SPA Brands is examined, and the main cause of growth is analyzed by approaching to their marketing characteristic, in this study. In relation with this situation, this study suggests the provisions as below, which are drawn from the analysis on Global SPA Brands' marketing strategy, so that Korea domestic SPA Brands could achieve successive performance under fierce competition. First, to be a competitive SPA Brands a business should be able to supply products with frequent product turnover by an interval level of one week or so, the existent product planning by seasons, as a business obtains various swift informations on consumers' demand with R&D center foundation. Secondly, SPA Brands should establish a strategy that a business can create high net profit by inventory management which enables lowering inventory ratio remarkably, and a strategy for innovative product supply by small quantity batch production, along with founding a high technological logistics system. Third, SPA Brands should establish a strategy for primary cost reduction by overseas dispersed outsourcing in order to enable diverse product development and rational price setting. Fourth, fashion marketers should establish also a strategy for communication by which brand image can be delivered effectively, by firming the brand identity and by informing product characteristic and customer service totally, with the method of VMD and flagship store. Additionary, fashion marketers also should establish a strategy by developing mobile application which can provide brand image and diverse other fashion related information.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2007

The Korean dairy industry has been developed continuously for the past seventy years both in quality and quantity; now the total amount of dairy products accounts for 13 percent of that of livestock production - a remarkable turnover. Korea now stands at the 13th economic power around the world and it is inevitable that we must pursue an open-door policy at a global level; the dairy industry should also strengthen its potentialities in the long term in order to compete with advanced dairy countries. It is predicted that the impact of DDA agreement and FTA negotiations on the domestic dairy industry will be great; so it is urgently needed that we should reconsider the current status of the dairy industry and comprehensive mesures for dairy industry development to improve its international competitiveness. Such measures comprise the three aspects: first, reforming the policy of dairy industry-related systems, second, improving the productivity and third, expanding the consumption of dairy products. In terms of the system reforming, the most important things are, above all, the planned production relevant to market needs, the milk supply and demand management, and the raw milk transaction method. Secondly, the appropriate scale of management is important for the enhancement of productivity together with the modernization of dairy facilities. Thirdly, step-up effort is needed to expand the milk consumption; especially, more milk should be provided to the students by improving the standing milk ration system in middle and senior high schools. The government should make more effort to support and develop new dairy products tuned to consumers' taste, accelerating the publicity of diverse and steady milk consumption together with related organizations.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.337-355
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• 2021

고령화 및 저출산 등의 인구통계학적인 변화와 산업구조와 주거환경의 변화는 기존 도시개발 정책의 한계를 드러냈다. 이에 정부는 국가도시재생 정책에 생활 SOC 확충 계획을 포함시켜 국민들의 윤택한 생활을 보장하기 위한 노력을 경주하고 있다. 생활 SOC의 주요 중점과제에는 아동 및 취약계층에 대한 복지 인프라 구축이 포함되어 있을 정도로 최근 복지에 대한 관심은 매우 높아지는 추세이다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 LQ(입지계수)를 이용하여 전국 17 개 시·도의 노인·아동·장애인 복지시설 공급 현황을 분석 하였고, 지역별 공급 불균형의 원인을 도출한 후 개선 방안을 제시 하였다. 각각의 복지시설은 지역별로 편중화가 심하였고, 특히 접근성에 있어서는 대도시와 농어촌 지역의 격차가 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다. 복지재정은 일부 도시와 지방을 제외하고 대부분의 도시와 지방이 유사했으나, 생활수준이 매우 높은 도시의 경우에는 충분한 시설 공급이 이루어지지 않고 있었다. 이에 대한 개선 방법으로는 공간 효율성을 극대화할 수 있는 복지시설의 복합화, 시·도별 생활수준을 고려한 적절한 복지재정의 조성 그리고 마지막으로 복지시설에 대한 수요와 이용자 유형을 고려한 공급 방식의 차별화를 제언하고자 한다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.267-283
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• 2003

1920~30년대 일제 하 개성 소년형무소를 비롯한 조선내 형무소의 주식공급량과 대만 신죽 소년형무소 및 프랑스 후레누 감화원, 독일 모아비트 구치소간의 영양조사 자료를 통해 당시 세계공황과 일본의 식량난 속에서 수형인의 식생활 실태를 재검토한 결과를 다음과 같다. 1. 1920년대 조선내 형무소의 주식공급상태 1) 식사가 12등급으로 나누어 제공되었으며 급여열량의 차이로 볼 때 활동정도에 따라 구분하였을 것이다. 목포형무소 1등급이 6045.0 ㎉, 마산형무소 12등급이 1855.8 ㎉로 각 형무소의 잡곡사용비유과 식이등급에 따라 열량공급량의 차이가 큰 것을 알 수 있다. 2) 단백질, 지방, 탄수화물의 평균 열량비가 20.0 : 20.2 : 59.8로 단백질의 공급량이 의외로 높은데 이것은 주식 중 콩의 비율이 높기 때문이다. 개성형무소를 제외하고 주식 중 콩의 사용비율은 20~60%이다. 주식에서의 단백질의 양이 높다하더라도 모두 식물성단백질이지만 다른 곡물에 부족한 lysine에 대한 보충작용의 효과가 컸을 것으로 기대된다. 3) 콩을 공급하지 않은 개성소년형무소는 단백질과 지방의 열량비가 각각 8.3%, 8.1%로 낮고 탄수화물의 공급량이 높아 성장기 소년 수형인에게는 부적절하다고 사료된다. 2. 각 형무소의 영양공급량의 종합적 비교 대만 프랑스, 독일 형무소와 본 논문의 전보로 수행된 (Kim CH 2003) 조선 경성형무소의 영양상황을 종합적으로 파악하기 위하여 중등활동을 하는 수형인에게 공급된 영양량으로 비교하면 다음과 같다. 1) 경성형무소 중등활동 수형인에게 공급된 열량은 1일 3966.5 ㎉, 단백질, 지방, 탄수화물의 열량비는 18.9 : 16.6 : 64.5로 단백질은 약간 높고 지방은 약간 낮으나 3대 영양소의 균형정도는 양호하다고 볼 수 있으며 오히려 총열량이 너무 높은 것으로 사료된다. 2) 대만 신죽 소년형무소에서는 주식은 쌀과 고구마를 7:3으로 혼합하여 6등급으로 구분하여 공급하였으며 부식은 1주일 cycle menu로 작성되었다. 열량섭취량은 1등급에서 2862.9 ㎉, 6등급에서 1388.9 ㎉로 성장기 소년 수형인에게는 충분한 공급이라고 할 수 없다. 단백질과 지방의 열량 섭취량도 적으나 돼지고기, 돼지기름, 잡어, 유부등의 음식을 제공하므로 동물성 단백질과 지방이 어느 정도 공급되었을 것이다. 3) 프랑스 후레누 감화원과 독일 모아비트 구치소는 1일 총열량섭취량이 각각 2771.3 ㎉, 2678.7 ㎉로 당시 열량권장 기준으로 간주되었던 3000 ㎉, 현재 중등활동 성인열량권장량인 2500 ㎉ 어느 쪽으로 비교해도 적정량이 공급되었다고 할 수 있으며, PFC 비율은 후레누 감화원에서 16.2 : 12.0 : 71.8로 지방이 부족하고, 모아비트 구치소에서는 12.4 : 14.3 : 73.3으로 단백질과 지방이 약간 부족하다고 볼 수 있다. 4) 법무부 급식관리위원회의 수용자 급식기준과 각 형무소의 보통활동 수형자를 위해 공급하는 영양량을 종합적으로 비교해보면 총열량 공급량은 조선 경성형무소(Kim CH 2003)에서는 3966.5 ㎉로 급식기준열량의 159.9%로 공급량이 높았으며, 대만 신죽 형무소에서는 소년 수형자임에도 89.6%만을 공급하고 있었다. 프랑스와 독일은 각각 110.9%, 107.1%로 급식기준을 조금 넘는 적정열량에서 가까운 양을 공급하였다고 할 수 있다. 일제하의 조선, 세계공황 이후 식량이 극도로 부족한 상황에서 대만, 유럽의 프랑스와 독일 모두 단체로 수용되어 있는 수형인들에게 적정영양량을 찾기 위해 노력하였다는 것을 알 수 있다. 다만 조사된 것이 계획에 불과한 것이 아니었는지 의문시된다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 1993

The Purpose of this study is to consolidate the management status of Saggoson in the Choson period by literature research, and examined latest status by field investigation. During the Choson period, there were fish distributors such as Saggoson and Kakju. Saggoson took charge of fish distribution from the fishing ground to the land, and handed over the fish to Kakju who sold over them to the whole country: This distibution system of fish was started from and adapted to the yellow-corvenia fishery of Westhern Sea. There were two resons far this. One was that these fish were. caught much from vast fishing grounds and had a very strong demand, for which professional disributors were needed. The thor was that because fishermen had very limited capital, they had to supply the money for fish production from capitalists like Kakju whom they agreed to sell fish directly to. By this time, it was thought that the fish distibution system for the Westhern Sea fishery was determined by the background and tradition. Meanwile, Saggoson, which has been working far a long time in Westhern Sea, is placed in changing circumstances. That is, small scale fishery Saggoson deals with will be getting fewer, because the big scale reclamation projects in this area threatens the fishery's existence. Also, Saggoson, presently, might be forced to become more efficient in its distribution in the future. In this situation, the management status of a Sggoson in the past and present needs to be consolidated and investigated through this study.