• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.401-404
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• 2009

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are generally considered to be cured following angiographically proven complete resection. However, rare instances of AVM recurrence have been reported in both children and adults with negative findings on postoperative angiography. The authors present the case of a 12-year-old boy with recurrent AVM. The AVM was originally fed by the pericallosal arteries on both sides, and it showed changing patterns of supply at recurrence. The authors concluded that a negative postoperative angiogram is not necessarily indicative of a cure. Repeat angiography and regular follow-up examinations should be performed to exclude the possibility of recurrence, especially in children.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.40
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• pp.147-167
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• 2008

This paper investigates changing business transaction under the e-commerce environment and their implications on freight transport industry with some case studies. It shows that an efficient and reliable delivery system is essential for e-commerce as business industries are faced with the stricter and more diversified demands of customer. In addition, many aspects of business practices such as small batch, customized production and just-in-time distribution in the e-commerce environment, in turn, bring about a number of changes in the volume and service patterns of freight transport. E-commerce requires longer transport distances and often higher delivery frequencies. It also entails to a certain extent a modal shift towards truck and air freight transport modes. On the one hand, the logistical requirements of e-commerce goods may stimulate greater complexity in existing supply chain management, causing higher costs. However it is true that the increased visibility of goods through more efficient information flow allows more efficient and effective transport management in the logistics system.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.87-105
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• 2001

More than a decade after their development and first wave of deployment, Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing have recently returned on the corporate agendas of a larger number of corporations across industries and supply chains. In the wake of their re-surge, this commentary addresses the evolution, context, content and deployment patterns of the two distinct management concepts. It also analyses claims in the business press that a merger is taking place between Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing. Here, it is found that there is not enough evidence to broadly support such claims, and it is only concluded that there is some evidence of an early tend towards a merger and that a possible merger would have many synergies and advantages. Finally, an example from a Scandinavian manufacturing company is provided that explains how Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing can be used in a beneficial way for companies to reach world-class performance.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.543-549
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• 2012

Hybrid electric propulsion systems are expected as future primary combat platforms because the systems can supply enough electric power, easily locate components inside vehicles, and maneuver without undesired noise. However, increasing electric/electronic/software usage causes abnormal failure patterns which have not been noticeable in conventional automotive. Recently, the functional safety standard for road vehicles were enacted and vehicle manufacturers request their components which satisfy standardized quality. This research analyzes functional safety standards(IEC 61508 and ISO 26262) and compares the standards for road vehicles with military standards of system safety. Strategies to apply functional safety in the combat hybrid electric vehicle are scrutinized.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.845-848
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• 2007

Analysis of point defects invisible by a microscope has been studied on the a-Si thin film transistor panel. The point defects which were named Invisible Point Defect (IPD) is characterized by no particles or distortion of patterns on a pixel structure and randomly distributed on panels. To investigate the IPD, measurements were carried out: gray level driving, transistor transfer characteristic, focused ion beam (FIB), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The results showed that a contamination layer had a bad influence on an active surface. The contamination layer consisted of oxygen and iron from a water supply line during cleaning process. After the process tuning, IPD has been stabilized.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.103-106
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• 2010

We develop a theoretical framework for international cooperation that can be used for the elimination of asbestos-related diseases(ARDs). The framework is based on the similarities in the temporal patterns of asbestos use and occurrence of ARDs in diverse countries. The status of each nation can be characterized by observing asbestos use and ARD frequency therein using a time window. Countries that supply technology for prevention of ARDs can be classified as donors and countries that receive these technologies as recipients. We suggest identification of three levels of core preventative technologies. Development of a common platform to gather and manage core preventative technologies will combine the strengths of donor countries and the needs of recipient countries.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.397-397
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• 2019

With the consequences of climate change becoming more evident, research on climate-associated risks has become a basis for climate adaptation and mitigation. Amongst the different sectors and natural resources considered in assessing such risks, drought is one impact to our environment that experiences stress from climate change but is often overlooked and has the potential to bring severe consequences when drought occurs. For example, when temperatures are higher, water demand increases and water supply decreases; when precipitation patterns fluctuate immensely, floods and droughts occur more frequently at greater magnitudes, putting stress on ecosystems. Hence, it is important for us to evaluate drought risk to observe how different climate change and socioeconomic scenarios can affect this vital life resource. In this study, we review the context of drought risk on the basis of climate change impacts and socioeconomic indicators. As underlined in the IPCC AR5 report, the risks are identified by understanding the vulnerability, exposure, and hazards of drought. This study analyzed drought risk on a global scale with different RCP scenarios projected until the year 2099 with a focus on the variables population, precipitation, water resources, and temperature.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.281-301
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• 2017

This article examines the way of the functionality of policy instruments for the development of renewable energy through the case of the wind power. The general barrier of the renewable energy development is considered to be the economic barrier. However the principal issue is the political barrier without the broad cooperation between the host government and the firm. Maintaining the long-term competitive advantage requires the shift of not only the strategy following the external circumstance but also the internal capacity development to utilize resources. Thus the comparative case study of Sri Lanka and Germany proposes the analysis of the supply-push and demand-pull policy with five patterns on the development of wind power in order to suggest how the functionality of policy instruments must be served to foster the wind power.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.10-14
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• 2014

The study investigated consumption patterns and inclination of consumers of Hanwoo meat being more expensive than imported meat and/or beef cattle meat based on the author's business experience at the shop in Budang Seongnam. The author who has managed shop firstly investigated customers' inclination and/or propensity. The author heard specific customer's story at neighboring shopping center, and each customer's buying method, occupation, financial power and apartment size and others, and forecast visiting customer's buying and demand upon part of the beef that customer asks for. The aut hor who sold out limited scope of beef product at limited area thought that he did narrow scope of business. The author would make effort to sell product enough to meet customer's taste by better quality product from point of view of customers. The author would make effort to supply good quality beef products to the customers who relied upon the author's butcher's.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.198-200
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• 2022

With the expansion of the global supply chain, the efficiency of maritime logistics is considered a crucial factor for countries' trade and competitiveness. Nevertheless, prior research has not thoroughly evaluated the efficiency of maritime logistics, including countries' ports and shipping capacities. Accordingly, this study examines integrated maritime logistics efficiency at the national level using DEA-CCR, BCC, and super-efficiency DEA. Furthermore, this study identifies a difference between the selected countries' maritime logistics efficiency and LPI (Logistics Performance Index) through Spearman's correlation test as an ad-hoc analysis. From this, Asian countries showed higher efficiency and European countries showed higher LPI scores. These results might be derived from this difference in port-city development patterns. Additionally, the main cause of inefficiency in Europe and Japan might be attributed to high fleet capacity of control. Consequently, this study can provide valuable implications for coastal countries to set more efficient directions for maritime logistics investment and policy.