• 열처리공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 1996

The solubility of Ti in Al matrix was determined by X-ray diffraction method on two different mechanical alloying systems, i.e Al+$Al_3Ti$ and Al+Ti alloys. Starting powder compositions of two systems were chosen for final volume fraction of $Al_3Ti$ phase being 25%. The solubility of Ti in ${\alpha}$-Al was estimated by the lattice parameter measurement of Al. For Al+$Al_3Ti$ mixture, it appeared that some of $Al_3Ti$ particles decomposed during milling and maximum solubility of Ti in Al was about 0.99%. The majority of $Al_3Ti$ particles were dispersed uniformly in Al matrix, having approximate size of 100~200 nm. On the other hand, higher Ti solubility of 1.24 wt.% was found in Al+Ti system, with starting composition of Al+10 wt.%Ti. After 15 hours of milling, Ti phase was identified as 20 nm sized particles embedded in Al matrix. The annealing of mechanically alloyed powders from Al+$Al_3Ti$ and Al+10 wt.%Ti systems was followed in the temperature range of 200 to $600^{\circ}C$ to study thermal stability of supersaturated solution of Al(Ti). After annealing, the lattice parameter of Al reverted back to that of pure Al, and the peak intensity ratio of $Al_3Ti$/Al was increased more than the original value before annealing. These results suggest that Ti dissolve into alpha-Al solutions during milling, and by annealing, $Do_{22}-Al_3Ti$ phase forms from Al(Ti) solution.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1996

Mechanical alloying is an effective process to finely distribute inert dispersoids in an Al-TM(TM is a transition metal) system. It has been considered that high melting point aluminides are formed by precipitation from supersaturated Al(Ti) powder. This analysis is based on the fact that much higher content of TM than the solubioity can be dissolved in alpha aluminum during the high energy ball milling. Thus, decomposition behavior of Ti in the Al(Ti) was considered very important. But it is confirmed that the higher portion of Ti than Al(Ti) solid solution is existed as nano-sized Ti particles in the MA powders by high energy ball nilling from the XRD spectrum and TEM analysis in this study. Therefore, the role of undissolved TM particles affect the formation of aluminides should be suitably considered. In this study, we present experimental observation on the formation of $Al_3Ti$ fron mechanical alloyed Al-Ti alloys in the hyperperitectic region. This study showed that, in the mechanically alloyed Al-20wt%Ti specimen, intermediate phase of cubic $Al_3Ti$ and tetragonal $Al_{24}Ti_8$ formed at $300{\sim}400^{\circ}C$ and $400{\sim}500^{\circ}C$, respectively, before the MA state reaches to equilibrium at higher temperatures. The formation behavior of $Ll_2-Al_3Ti$ is interpreted by interdiffusion of Al and Ti in solid state based on the fact that large amount of nano-sized Ti particles exist in the milled powder. Present analysis indicated undissolved Ti particles of nanosize should have played an important role initiation the formation of $Al_3Ti$ phase during annealing.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.463-467
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• 1998

조성이 $Nb_3Sn$인 Nb와 Sn 혼합분말에 대해 기계적 합금화 과정중의 미세구조 변화를 X선회절실험으로 관찰하였다. 분쇄시간에 따른 결정구조 변화는 볼/분말미와 볼의 크기에 따라 변하였다. 지름이 9.5mm인 볼을 사용한 경우, 각 분말들이 초기에는 기계적으로 합금되어 A15구조를 갖는 상을 형성하였고, 그 이후에는 비정질화가 이루어졌다. 지름이 작은 3.968mm인 볼을 사용한 경우 초기에 비정질화하였다. 이들 결과들은 볼크기에 따라 분쇄에너지 효과가 다르기 때문이라고 생각될 수 있다. 순수한 $Nb_3Sn$ 화학양론조성의 상이 기계적 합금화 방법으로 제조된 과포화 고용체를 열처리하여 쉽게 얻어졌다. 기계적 합금화로 비정질화된 분말을 열처리한 경우, Nb3Sn과 Nb6Sn5상의 혼합물이 얻어졌다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 1995

동시 열진공증착한 Ag-Co 미세입상 합금박막의 구조, 자기적 성질 및 거대자기저항 현상에 관하여 연구하였다. 증착된 상태에서 합금박막은 과포화된 Ag 기지와 석출된 Co 입자들이 공존하는 준안정한 fcc 구조를 이루고 있다. Co의 양이 20에서 55 at.%로 증가함에 따라 Ag 기지의 입자크기는 평균 147에서 $67{\AA}$으로 감소하였고 Ag 기지에 Co의 고용량은 2.5에서 6.7%로 증가하였다. 25 at.% 이하의 조성을 갖는 합금박막은 주로 초상자성 특성을 보였으며 그 이상의 조성에서는 초상자성과 강자성이 혼합된 거동을 보였다. 증착된 상태의 30 at.% 합금 박막에서(상온, 10 kOe) 최대 19%의 자기저항비를 얻었다. 증착된 상태에서 대부분의 코발트가 석출되어 있기 때문에 Cu-Co계와는 달리 열처리에 의해 MR비의 증가는 보이 지 않았다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1997년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.165-170
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• 1997

Samples of extruded dispersions of 24 vol.% spherical U-2wt%Mo and U-10wt.%Mo powders in an aluminum matrix were annealed for over 2,000 hours at 40$0^{\circ}C$. No significant dimensional changes occurred in the U-1025.%Mo/aluminum dispersions. The U-2wt.%Mo/aluminum dispersion, however, increased in volume by 26% after 2,000 hours at 40$0^{\circ}C$. This large volume change is mainly due to the formation of voids and cracks resulting from nearly complete interdiffusion of U-Mo and aluminum. Interdiffusion between U-10wt.%Mo and aluminum was found to be minimal. The different diffusion behavior is primarily due to the fact that U-2wt.%Mo decomposes from an as-atomized metastable r-phase(bcc) solid solution into the equilibrium r-U and U$_2$Mo two-phase structure during the experiment, whereas U-10wt.%Mo retains the metastable r-phase structure after the 2,000 hours anneal and thereby displays superior thermal compatibility with aluminum compared to U-2wt.%Mo. In addition, the molybdenium supersaturated in U-10wt.%Mo particles inhibits the diffusion of aluminum atoms along the grain boundary into the particle. Also, the dissolution of only a few Mo atoms in UAL$_3$ retards the formation of the intermediate phase, as Mo atoms need to migrate from new intermetallic compounds to unreacted islands.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권12호
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• pp.995-1000
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• 2011

The microstructure of Cu-24 wt.%Ag filamentary nanocomposite fabricated by a thermo-mechanical process has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. This study is focused on the stability of Ag filaments formed by cold drawing; the effects of thermal treatment on the precipitation behavior and distribution of Ag-rich precipitates were also investigated. The Ag filaments elongated along the <111> orientation were observed in Cu-rich ${\alpha}$ phase of the as-drawn specimen and the copper matrix and the silver filament have a cube on cube orientation relationship. Annealing at temperatures lower than $200^{\circ}C$ for the as-drawn specimen caused insignificant change of the fibrous morphology but squiggly interfaces or local breaking of the elongated Ag filaments were easily observed with annealing at $300^{\circ}C$. When samples were annealed at $400^{\circ}C$, discontinuous precipitation was observed in supersaturated Cu solid solution. Ag precipitates with a thickness of 7-20 nm were observed along the <112> direction and the orientation relationship between the copper matrix and the Ag precipitates maintained the same orientation relationship in the as-drawn specimen. The interface between the copper matrix and the Ag precipitates is parallel to {111} and micro-twins were observed in the Ag precipitates.