• 환경위생공학
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2003

Traditionally the supernatant after chemical treatment of metal acid wastewater is discharged in environment. The supernatant can be used as a coagulant as it contains effective metals. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of treatment of dyeing wastewater using the supernatant after treatment by magnesium hydroxide and dolomite($Ca{\cdot}Mg(CO_3)_2$), of acidic metal wastewater. In dyeing wastewater treatment with the supernatant, optimum pH and dosage were determined. COD, turbidity and color were analyzed to evaluate the performance of treatment. In the case of magnesium hydroxide, the optimum dosage was 10%(v/v) for supernatant A and 3%(v/v) for supernatant B. Color, turbidity and COD removal was 99~100%, 85~97% and 43~53%, respectively. In the case of dolomite, the optimum dosage was 10%(v/v) for supernatant A and 3% for supernatant B. Color, turbidity and COD removal was 96~99%, 62~9l% and 52~53%, respectively.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 1998

This study was conducted to examine the effect of culture supernatant of bovine oviductal epithelial cell(BOEC) on in vitro development of mouse embryos. To obtain the culture supernatant, ampullary epithelial cell, ithmic epithelial cell and ciliated eptithelial cell of bovine oviduct were cultured in Ham's F-10 su, pp.emented with 10% FCS. The development rates of mouse embryos to blastocyst stage were significantly(P<0.05) higher in BOEC-culture supernatant(72.3∼82.3%) than in Ham's F-10(50.7%). The proportions of embryonic development into hatched blastocysts were significantly(P<0.05) higher in ampullary cell supernatant(43.2%), ithmic cell supernatant(48.4%) and ciliated cell supernatant (27.7%) than in Ham's F-10(14.4%). On the other hand, the effect of ciliated cell supernatant was lower than those of other cell supernatants(P<0.05). And there was no difference between ampullary cell supernatant and ithmic cell supernatnat.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.604-612
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• 2011

Beauveria bassiana SFB-205 supernatant can effectively control cotton aphid populations, which is closely associated with its chitinase activity. The present work extends to optimizing a culture medium to produce more efficacious supernatant in flask conditions, followed by scale-up in 7 L, 300 L and 1.2 KL fermentors with the parameter of chitinase. In flask conditions, a combination of soluble starch and yeast extract produced the greatest amount of chitinase (5.1 units/ml) and its supernatant had the highest aphicidal activity. An optimal quantitative combination of the two substrates, estimated by a response surface method, enabled the supernatant to have 15.7 units/ml of chitinase activity and 3.7 ml/l of median lethal concentration ($LC_{50}$) of toxicity against cotton aphid adults in laboratory conditions. In the scale-up conditions, overall supernatant had 25-28 units/ml of chitinase activity. Decrease in pH and limitation of dissolved oxygen (DO) during cultures were significantly related to the yield of chitinase. These results suggest that the substrate-dependent chitinase production can be background information for optimizing a culture medium, and pH and DO are critical factors in maximizing the production in scale-up conditions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.526-529
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• 2002

Lysis of erythrocytes isolated from human, rabbit, and mouse blood samples was investigated with the culture supernatant of Xenorhabdus nematophilus in a primary form. Prior to use, the culture supernatant of the bacteria was concentrated and the concentrate was dialyzed against Tris-HCl buffer (10 mM, pH 8.1) by ultrafiltration using PM-5 membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 5,000. At $30^{\circ}C$, the supernatant exhibited no lytic activity towards three types of erythrocytes. However, at $4^{\circ}C$, the supernatant showed selective lytic activity towards rabbit erythrocytes within 90 min. yet did not lyze human or mouse erythrocytes. Microscopic examination clearly revealed that most of the rabbit erythrocytes had been fumed into ghost forms.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.506-509
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• 2010

The application of Beauveria bassiana SFB-205 supernatant incorporated with polyoxyethylene-(3)-isotridecyl ether (TDE-3) significantly reduced the population of two species of aphids including cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, and green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, much higher in cotton aphid, compared with supernatant incorporated with Tween 80, which allows the relationship of aphicidal activity with the degradation of aphid cuticles to be determined. Overall, the degradation of the cuticles induced by the supernatant was more remarkable in conjunction with TDE-3 than Tween 80, and this phenomenon was more observable in cotton aphid through SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, revealing high correlation with their aphicidal activities.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1999

The aim of this study is to determine the phagocytosis-promoting factor(s) for feline peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) by culture supernatant from mono-nuclear cells (MNC) treated with egg white derivatives (EWD). The phagocytic activity of PMN was analyzed by a flow cytometry system. The EWD did not show direct effect on the phagocytic response of PMN. The phagocytic activity of PMN was enhanced by culture supernatant from MNC but not PMN treated with EWD. Therefore, it was suggested that the enhanced phagocytic activity of feline PMN could be mediated by humoral factor(s) released from MNC treated with EWD. Thus, the phagocytosis-promoting factor(s) in supernatant fraction from MNC culture treated with EWD were isolated by reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The resulting supernatant fraction on 29.02 minutes of retention time showed high phagocytic activity of PMN. The molecular weight of this supernatant fraction was 16 to 18 kDa when analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. The isoelectric point was pH 5.76 when assessed by ion-exchange chromatography. These results suggest that EWD stimulates feline MNC to elaborate a phagocytosis-promoting factor, 16 to 18 kDa of molecular weight, which could be an important mediator for the enhancement of phagocytic activity of feline peripheral blood phagocytes. Further study will be needed to elucidate this phagocytic factor.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 점토광물인 황토 지장수와 견운모 상등액을 이용하여 콩나물의 생장률과 무기이온의 함량을 비교하고자 하였다. 실험결과 콩나물의 총 길이는 견운모 상등액 콩나물이 황토 지장수에 비해 14.71%, 수돗물에 비해 50% 길었다. 또한 뿌리의 길이는 견운모 상등액 콩나물의 뿌리가 황토 지장수에 비해 36.05%, 수돗물에 비해 17.30% 길었다. 이는 견운모에 함유되어 있는 $K^+$ 성분과 미네랄이 식물의 뿌리에 작용하여 줄기도 윤기가 있게 성장을 한 것 같다. 견운모 상등액 콩나물의 경우 황토지장수로 재배한 콩나물에 비해 11.56%, 수돗물과 비교하여 13.48%의 많은 미네랄을 함유하고 있었다. 다양한 견운모의 농도를 이용하여 콩나물의 생장률과 미네랄 흡수량을 비교한 결과 100g/L의 농도에서 가장 좋은 생장률을 나타내었고, 미네랄의 흡수량은 100g/L와 200g/L가 비슷하여 경제적인 면을 고려한다면 100g/L의 농도가 콩나물을 재배하는데 적합하다고 생각된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1764-1768
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• 2009

본 연구는 소의 과립막세포 배양상층액에서 스테로이드 호르몬의 농도와 생쥐 배의 체외 발달에 미치는 효과를 검토하기 위하여 수행되었다. 소의 성숙난포(직경 6~15 mm)와 미성숙 난포(직경 2~5 mm)로부터 과립막세포를 각각 분리하여 15% FCS가 첨가된 Ham's F-10 배양약에서 16일간 배양하였다. 과립막세포들은 쉽게 단층배엽을 형성 하였으며, 배양과정 중 비슷한 성장패턴을 나타내었다. 또한 성숙 과립막세포와 미성숙 과립막세포 간에 형태적인 차이가 없었다. 과립막세포 배양 중 progesterone과 estradiol 생산이 활발하게 이루어졌으며, progesterone은 배양후기에, estradiol은 배양초기에 분비량이 높았다. 성숙 과립막세포와 미성숙 과립막세포에서 내분비 양상은 비슷하였다. 생쥐배가 상실배, 배반포 및 부화배반포 단계로 체외발달된 비율은 Ham'F-10배양액(86.7%, 41.7%, 13.3%)에 비하여 성숙 과립막세포 배양상층액(92.7%, 78.1%, 34.5%)과 미성숙 과립막세포 배양상층액(96.4%, 78.5%, 26.8%)에서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 그러나 배의 발달에 대하여 성숙 과립막세포배양상층액과 미성숙 과립막세포 배양상층액 간에는 차이가 없었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6145-6149
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• 2012

Objective: To identify whether saliva supernatant miR-21 can serve as a novel potential biomarker in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). Methods: 32 patients with EC and 16 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Total RNA was extracted from saliva supernatant samples for measurement of miR-21 levels using RT-qPCR and relationships between miR-21 levels and clinical characteristics of EC patients were analyzed. Results: miR-21 was significantly higher in the EC than control groups. The sensitivity and specificity were 84.4% and 62.5% respectively. Supernatant miR-21 levels showed no significant correlation with cancer stage, differentiation and nodal metastasis. Conclusions: Saliva supernatant miR-21 may be a novel biomarker for EC.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2016

In this study, the microalga Neochloris oleoabundans was cultivated in a sustainable manner using diluted anaerobic digestate to produce biomass as a potential biofuel feedstock. Prior to microalgae cultivation, the anaerobic digestate was characterized and several pretreatment methods including hydrogen peroxide treatment, filtration, and supernatant extraction were investigated and their impact on the removal of suspended solids as well as other organic and inorganic matter was evaluated. It was found that the supernatant extraction was the most convenient pretreatment method and was used afterwards to prepare the nutrient media for microalgae cultivation. A bench-scale experiment was conducted using multiple dilutions of the supernatant and filtered anaerobic digestate in 16 mm round glass vials. The results indicated that the highest growth of the microalga N. oleoabundans was achieved with a total nitrogen concentration of 100 mg N/L in the 2.29% diluted supernatant in comparison to the filtered digestate and other dilutions.