• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 2021

Irreparable massive rotator cuff tears cause pain, loss of function, and a decrease in range of motion, which cause serious disturbances in daily life. Young patients, in particular, are active and have relatively high functional requirements, and their surgical options are limited. Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) was first proposed for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears, good clinical results have been reported in short-term follow up. Since then, SCR has been used increasingly worldwide for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears, and various studies have been published on clinical outcomes, biomechanical outcomes, surgical techniques, and graft types. This article reviews the optimal graft and surgical options for improving clinical outcomes in SCR.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.71-74
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• 2022

Posterior superior alveolar nerve block (PSANB) is one of the most common and safe injection techniques in the field of dentistry. As with any other procedure, it also has inherent complications, of which ophthalmic complications are relatively rare. Transient diplopia following the administration of PSANB is rare and daunting for both the patient and the clinician. We present a case of transient diplopia in a 26-year-old female patient following administration of PSANB and review its probable pathophysiology and management and prevention.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.55-59
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• 2023

One of the necessary conditions for the mass production of the edible insect, the white-spotted flower chafer Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe), is to breed a strain with excellent egg-laying ability. To identify external morphological traits related to egg-laying ability, we investigated the effects of the weight, length, and width of female adults on egg production. Correlation and multiple regression analyses revealed a positive correlation between the weight of female adults and egg production. This study suggests that selection of heavier females is a good strategy for breeding strains with superior egg-laying characteristics. The results of this study will serve as important foundational data for future breeding of superior strains.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.398-400
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• 2023

The current case report describes an uncommon insertion of the levator scapulae (LS), which broadly attaches to multiple structures, including the serratus posterior superior, ligamentum nuchae, and the 6th and 7th spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae. The most superior portion of this aponeurosis merged with the ligamentum nuchae at the C7 level. The middle and inferior portions of the head were inserted (or fused) into the tendon of the rhomboid minor as well as the fibers of the serratus posterior superior muscle. Consequently, recognizing this anatomical variation, characterized by an additional slip of the LS attaching to the 7th vertebra and other muscular structures, is crucial not only for anatomists but also for surgeons performing procedures on the posterior neck related to cervical or shoulder pain and cervical dystonia.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.646-656
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• 2004

Background : The aim of this study was to elucidate the mediastinal lymphatic drainage of nonsmall- cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the frequency of enlarged mediastinal lymph node (LN) in 256 NSCLC patients with N2 or N3 diseases on CT scan, especially with respect to the location of primary tumor. Results : In 57 patients with right upper lobe (RUL) tumors, right lower paratracheal LN (89.5%) was the most commonly enlarged, followed by subcarinal LN (54.4%). In 61 patients with left upper lobe (LUL) tumors, left lower paratracheal (70.5%) and subaortic LNs (52.5%) were commonly enlarged. Subcarinal LN enlargement without ipsilateral superior mediastinal LN enlargement was rarely found in both upper lobe tumors; RUL 8.8%, LUL 6.6%. In patients with right or left lower lobe (RLL or LLL) tumors, the most commonly enlarged LN was subcarinal; 88.2%, 65.7%, respectively. In RLL tumors with both subcarinal and superior mediastinal LN enlargements, the frequency of ipsilateral superior mediastinal LN involvement was similar to that of bilateral superior mediastinal involvement. In LLL tumors with both subcarinal and superior mediastinal LN enlargements, bilateral superior mediastinal involvement was more frequent than ipsilateral superior mediastinal involvement. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that both upper lobe tumors are mainly drained directly to ipsilateral superior mediastinal LNs, and that both lower lobe lesions are drained to superior mediastinal LN via subcarinal LNs.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2008

This experiment were conducted to investigate the response of growth and yield of potato after transplanting of plug seedlings 'Superior' and 'Dejima' produced at different plug cell size (105, 162, and 288) and photoperiod (8/16, 12/12, and 16/8, day/night) for 20 days in controlled plant growth system. Growth and relative growth rate of plug seedling 'Superior' was affected by plug cell size and photoperiod at 7weeks after transplanting. Tuber weight of 'Superior' was increased as cell size and photoperiod increased. That of 'Dejima' was highest in 105 cell and different with photoperiod. At 90 days after transplanting, tuber weight ($258.9{\sim}471.9\;g/plant) of 'Superior' was high in 105 and 162 cell size and 16/8 hr photoperiod. That ($278.2{\sim}428.0\;g/plant$) of 'Dejima' was high in 105 cell size, but was not different with photoperiod. The number of tuber per plant was $2.6{\sim}6.9$ of 'Superior' and $2.2{\sim}3.6$ 'Dejima'. Tuber number per plant was not significantly different with cell size and photoperiod. The large tuber over 80 g was $32.0{\sim}50.9%$ of 'Superior' and $41.0{\sim}56.7%$ of 'Dejima'. The large tuber in 'Superior' and 'Dejima' lowered as the cell size decreased. The large tuber of 'Superior' increased as photoperiod increased, but that of 'Dejima' was not differed. As the results, the optimal plug cell size and photoperiod of potato seedling is considered to be below 162 cell and over 12 hr of photoperiod.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2014

Purpose : To evaluate the relationship between superior labral dimension of the glenohumeral joint on direct MRA and presence of SLAP lesion. Materials and Methods: IRB approval was obtained and informed consent was waived for this retrospective study. Direct MRA studies of the shoulder in 296 patients (300 shoulders) with arthroscopic surgery were analyzed by two radiologists blinded to the arthroscopic results, which were used as gold standard. One of the radiologists reviewed the images twice (session 1 and 2) for the evaluation of intra-observer variability. Transverse and longitudinal dimensions of superior labrum on coronal T1-weighted images were measured as base and height of the inverted triangular-shaped superior labrum and compared between patients with SLAP lesions vs. non-SLAP patients. Presence of meniscoid labrum was noted. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired t-test. Results: Among 279 patients (283 shoulders), 122 patients (43.1%) had SLAP lesions. The mean base/height of superior labrum in SLAP and non-SLAP patients measured on T1-weighted MR image were 8.8 mm / 5.2 mm, 8.5 mm / 4.9 mm for reader 1; 8.2 mm / 4.9 mm, 8.1 mm / 4.5 mm for session 1 of reader 2; 8.0 mm / 4.8 mm, 7.6 mm / 4.3 mm for session 2 of reader 2. In SLAP group, the mean labral height was larger than non-SLAP group with statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Fifteen patients (5.3%) had meniscoid labrum according to operation records. Conclusion: In patients with SLAP lesion, the height of the superior glenoid labrum on oblique coronal image of MRA was slightly larger than non-SLAP patients. A larger height of superior glenoid labrum may be associated with SLAP lesions.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.712-716
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• 2010

Purpose: Extensive lumbosacral defects after removal of spinal tumors have a high risk of wound healing problems. Therefore it is an effective reconstructive strategy to provide preemptive soft tissue coverage at the time of initial spinal surgery, especially when there is an instrument exposure. For soft tissue reconstruction of a lumbosacral defect, a variation of the gluteal flap is the first-line choice. However, the musculocutaneous flap or muscle flap that is conventionally used, has many disadvantages. It damages gluteus muscle and causes functional disturbance in ambulation, has a short pedicle which limits areas of coverage, and can damage perforators, limiting further surgery that is usually necessary in spinal tumor patients. In this article, we present the superior gluteal artery perforator turn-over flap that reconstructs complex lumbosacral defects successfully, especially one that has instrument exposure, without damaging the ambulatory function of the patient. Methods: A 67 year old man presented with sacral sarcoma. Sacralectomy with L5 corpectomy was performed and resulted in a $15{\times}8\;cm$ sized complex soft tissue defect in the lumbosacral area. There was no defect in the skin. Sacral stabilization with alloplastic fibular bone graft and reconstruction plate was done and the instruments were exposed through the wound. A $18{\times}8\;cm$ sized superior gluteal artery perforator flap was designed based on the superior gluteal artery perforator and deepithelized. It was turned over 180 degrees into the lumbosacral dead space. Soft tissue from both sides of the wound was approximated over the flap and this provided in double padding over the instrument. Results: No complications such as hematoma, flap necrosis, or infection occurred. Until three months after the resection, functional disturbances in walking were not observed. The postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan shows the flap volume was well maintained over the instrument. Conclusion: This superior gluteal artery perforator turn-over flap, a modification of the conventional superior gluteal artery perforator flap, is a simple method that enabled the successful reconstruction of a lumbosacral defect with instrument exposure without affecting ambulatory function.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.17 no.2_3
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• pp.75-80
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• 2003

Growth characteristics such as density(quality), covering speed, green period, disease resistance, heading existence(number of seeds) and other characteristics were examined for selection of superior lines among the 133 zoysiagrass lines collected in 2001. Six superior lines were selected and the results were summarized as follows. Superior line, J01067 was longest for green period among the 133 zoysiagrasses and stayed green until the beginning of November. Leaf width of J01106 and J01129 lines was very narrow as 1.5mm and 2mm, respectively and superior for density(quality), covering speed and disease resistance. J01122 line was selected for strongest disease resistance among the lines of Zoysia japonica. Leaf width of J01128 was 3.2mm showing midium type and similar to standard cultivar, Sunburst. This line also showed higher density and strong disease resistance like J01106 and J01129. Five growth characteristics for morphological classification of 133 zoysiagrass lines was used and divided into 3 cluster groups. Of 133 lines, 6 standard cultivars and 6 superior lines were classified as follows. First cluster group contained Belare, Meyer, Anyang-jungji, J01067, J01122, and second group contained S-94 and J01105, and third group contained Sunburst, Konhee, J01106, J01128 and J01129.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in kinematic variables for mogul short turn motion between superior and inferior group, so that it can explore more effective mogul short turn motions. To meet the goals, this study selected total 10 ski players who would participate in mogul short turn event of the National Technical Ski Championship 2007, so that it could analyze kinematic variables by way of 3D motion analysis using DLT method. As a result, this study came to the following conclusions; For total and phase-specific duration, it was found that superior group took shorter time than inferior group. Superior group's Center of Mass was stands for more high value in up-down movement skill than inferior group. However right-left movement scale was less than them. In this reason, superior group was made a straight descent at the same time made a fast front-rear velocity. In the part of up-down movement velocity show that move slowly in the drop-in phase while increased in the bump-up phase. It is show that superior group was less tinny than inferior group include joint angle and knee joint angle. However leaning angle of trunk and the body inclination angle were more high figured than inferior group. Leaning angle of lower limbs also showed high figure at the center mogul. Lastly, In the part of body torsion angle show that superior group was high figure direction of right turn in the drop-in phase while in bump-up phase, made a high figure direction of left turn.