• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.42-57
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• 2020

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is indicated for various mental disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder) and the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in elderly patients. Furthermore, ECT is a useful first-line treatment in emergency and crisis situations such as suicide risk, violent behavior, catatonia, and food refusal, which are more frequent in elderly patients. ECT is also effective in the treatment of the motor symptoms of neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Due to the high risk of various physical diseases, the comorbid physical conditions of elderly patients should be individually controlled to optimize ECT treatment. Compared to young adults, in elderly patients the seizure threshold is higher, the seizure duration is shorter, and the anesthetic dose is lower. On the contrary, the response rate in the elderly is both faster and higher. Considering potential cognitive decline and the prevention of further deterioration of cognitive function in elderly patients, in the absence of significant comorbidities, twice weekly sessions and right unilateral electrode placement with a lower seizure threshold and less cognitive effect are preferred to bilateral electrode placement, which has a high risk of adverse cognitive effects. After an acute course of ECT, continuation and maintenance of ECT, combined with prescription of therapeutic drugs, may prevent possible relapse or recurrence of mental disorders. In conclusion, ECT can be used to treat mental disorders in elderly adults, with safety and effectiveness comparable to that in young adults.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.29-56
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• 2021

Purpose Cyber deviance of adolescents has become a serious social problem. With a widespread use of smartphones, incidents of cyber deviance have increased in Korea and both quantitative and qualitative damages such as suicide and depression are increasing. Research has been conducted to understand diverse factors that explain adolescents' delinquency in cyber space. However, most previous studies have focused on a single theory or perspective. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively analyze motivations of juvenile cyber deviance and to develop a predictive model for delinquent adolescents by integrating four different theories on cyber deviance. Design/methodology/approach By using data from Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey 2010, this study extracts 27 potential factors for cyber deivance based on four background theories including general strain, social learning, social bonding, and routine activity theories. Then this study employs econometric analysis to empirically assess the impact of potential factors and utilizes a machine learning approach to predict the likelihood of cyber deviance by adolescents. Findings This study found that general strain factors as well as social learning factors have positive effects on cyber deviance. Routine activity-related factors such as real-life delinquent behaviors and online activities also positively influence the likelihood of cyber diviance. On the other hand, social bonding factors such as community commitment and attachment to community lessen the likelihood of cyber deviance while social factors related to school activities are found to have positive impacts on cyber deviance. This study also found a predictive model using a deep learning algorithm indicates the highest prediction performance. This study contributes to the prevention of cyber deviance of teenagers in practice by understanding motivations for adolescents' delinquency and predicting potential cyber deviants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.184-193
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the trends in school health research in Korea using probabilistic latent semantic analysis. The study longitudinally analyzed the abstracts of the papers published in 「The Journal of the Korean Society of School Health」 over the recent 17 years, which is between 2004 and August 2020. By classifying all the papers according to the topics identified through the analysis, it was possible to see how the distribution of the topics has changed over years. Based on the results, implications for school health research and educational uses of latent semantic analysis were suggested. Methods: This study investigated the research trends by longitudinally analyzing journal abstracts using latent dirichlet allocation (LDA), a type of LSA. The abstracts in 「The Journal of the Korean Society of School Health」 published from 2004 to August 2020 were used for the analysis. Results: A total of 34 latent topics were identified by LDA. Six topics, which were「Adolescent depression and suicide prevention」, 「Students' knowledge, attitudes, & behaviors」, 「Effective self-esteem program through depression interventions」, 「Factors of students' stress」, 「Intervention program to prevent adolescent risky behaviors」, and 「Sex education curriculum, and teacher」were most frequently covered by the journal. Each of them was dealt with in at least 20 papers. The topics related to 「Intervention program to prevent adolescent risky behaviors」, 「Effective self-esteem program through depression interventions」, and 「Preventive vaccination and factors of effective vaccination」 appeared repeatedly over the most recent 5 years. Conclusion: This study introduced an AI-powered analysis method that enables data-centered objective text analysis without human intervention. Based on the results, implications for school health research were presented, and various uses of latent semantic analysis (LSA) in educational research were suggested.

• Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate suicidal behaviors and the related psychopathology across the different stages of schizophrenia. Methods: We recruited 131 patients with schizophrenia and categorized them into two groups, according to the duration of illness (DI) as follows: ≤10 years (n=39) and >10 years (n=92). Psychopathology and suicidality were assessed using the 18-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-18) and the suicidality module from the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, respectively. Results: One-quarter of the patients with a DI ≤10 years and nearly one-sixth of the patients with a DI >10 years experienced suicidal behaviors in the previous month. Suicidality scores were significantly associated with the "affect" factor scores of the BPRS-18 in patients with a DI ≤10 years (β=0.55, p=0.003) and with the "resistance" factor scores in patients with a DI of >10 years (β=0.29, p=0.006). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that psychopathological factors were differentially associated with suicidality in patients with schizophrenia according to the illness stage. Our findings suggest that for effective suicide prevention, different approaches are required for the management of each stage of schizophrenia.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of mental health factors on oral symptoms and the relationship between the two in Korean adolescents. Materials and Methods: Raw data of 54,948 Korean adolescents among the participants of the 17^th Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey conducted in 2021 by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency were analyzed in this study. Results: Mental health factors evaluated in this study included sadness and despair, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempt, loneliness, stress, depression, and anxiety. Our findings showed that all mental health factors were associated with oral symptoms. Particularly, factors affecting dental pain were suicidal thoughts, stress, anxiety, loneliness, depression, sadness, and despair. Further, all mental health factors affected ulorrhagia. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings in this study are expected to contribute to the development of programs for the intervention of key mental health factors affecting oral symptoms to improve overall health in Korean adolescents.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.17-37
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore school counselors' experiences with the Support Project for School Visits by Mental Health Experts. Methods: Focus Group Interview were conducted with 13 school counselors to explore the experience of Support Project for School Visits by Mental Health Experts. Reseults: The effectiveness of the project were identified as "Changing school and parental perceptions and attitudes", "Strengthening the capacity of school counselors", "Improving school mental health response capabilities". The facilitating factors and barriers to the effectiveness of the program were identified. And the following improvements were suggested. Conclusion: Based on this, suggestions were made for differentiating the mental health professional school visitation support project and the role of mental health professionals in revitalizing the project.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.663-671
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the risks and criminal progress of pig murder fraud crimes in the absence of related research and statistics amid a surge in pig murder fraud damage in Korea, and to approach the methods, problems, and countermeasures that can be prevented in Korea through foreign cases. Method: In order to classify the types of pig murder fraud crimes, the progress was analyzed through related reports and statistics, and various damage cases. Result: The crime of pig murder fraud can be seen as an organized crime that organically combines simple romance scams, investment fraud, and human trafficking. In the case of victims, unlike simple fraud, psychological problems such as suicide impulse and panic disorder were found, and in the case of cryptocurrency acquired through fraud, a path was found to flow back into the criminal organization through money laundering. Conclusion: In the case of pig murder fraud crimes that have been detected as a danger worldwide, the scale will be even wider. Therefore, various institutional supplements and policies should be prepared through crime type analysis in Korea for crime prevention and countermeasures.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.5043-5047
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• 2014

Nowadays increasing effectiveness in cancer therapy and investigation of formation of new strategies that enhance antiproliferative activity against target organs has become a subject of interest. Although the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis can not be fully explained, it is known that cell suicide program existing in their memory genetically is activated by pathophysiological conditions and events such as oxidative stress. Low pressure (hypobaric) conditions that create hypoxia promote apoptosis by inhibiting cell cycling. In this study, determination of the effects of fractional hypobaric applications at different times on HeLa cells at cellular and molecular levels were targeted. Experiments were carried out under hypobaric conditions (35.2 kPa) in a specially designed hypobaric cabin including 2% $O_2$ and 98% N. Application of fractional hypobaric conditions was repeated two times for 3 hours with an interval of 24 hours. At the end of the implementation period cells were allowed to incubate for 24 hours for activation of repair mechanisms. Cell kinetic parameters such as growth rate (MTT) and apoptotic index were used in determination of the effect of hypobaric conditions on HeLa cells. Also in our study expression levels of the Bcl-2 gene family that have regulatory roles in apoptosis were determined by the RT-PCR technique to evaluate molecular mechanisms. The results showed that antiproliferative effect of hypobaric conditions on HeLa cells started three hours from the time of application and increased depending on the period of exposure. While there was a significant decrease in growth rate values, there was a significant increase in apoptotic index values (p<0.01). Also molecular studies showed that hypobaric conditions caused a significant increase in expression level of proapoptotic gene Bax and significant decrease in antiapoptotic Bfl-1. Consequently fractional application of hypobaric conditions on HeLa cell cultures increased both antiproliferative and apoptotic effects and these effects were triggered by the Bax gene.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2020

For the successful execution of an ODA project, it is necessary to know what areas are weak and necessary to the country of demand exactly. The health sector is also a top priority in most of developing countries. This study was carried out to introduce non-communicable disease (NCD) in Fiji for ODA projects planning. The major causes of death in Fiji in 2016 are diabetes, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, lower respiratory infect, asthma in ranking. The major causes of death in Korea in same year are cancer, ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pneumonia, suicide, diabetes in the order of ranking. The chronic disease as non-communicable disease (NCD) has been increasing continuously due to changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns and population aging in prevalence rate. This global trend is also apparent in Fiji and Korea, reflected in increasing mortality and personal costs for the treatment and management of NCD. The need for a sustained comprehensive treatment tailored for individual patients has suggested from many studies and the development of a systematic program to manage NCD patients to provide such care have been recommended. The Fiji government developed Non-communicable Diseases Strategic Plan 2015-2019 and has tried to reduce the prevalence rate of non-communicable diseases by factors. The WHO global action plan guiding national-level NCD policies requires an NCD prevention and control model at the community level, presenting strategic goals and detailed options for the introduction and application of the approach to communities. It is necessary to develop an NCD prevention and control model, consisting of a strategy of community intervention, education for students and NCD patients, and the legal enactment of NCD that adequately meets the needs of community members.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.41
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• pp.387-408
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• 2014

South Korea already became an aging society, and is now in the process of becoming an aged society. With increasing elderly population, elderly safety issues such as traffic accidents and elderly suicides are becoming important problems. Elderly victimization are increasing, and elderly safety accident is also becoming an imporotant social problem. The police is doing various activities for elderly safety. The police is conducting programs for the elderly, such as a prevention program for fraud against elderly, and safety checks and traffic safety education for preventing elderly traffic accidents. Also, there's a program of providing regular visits for a lone elderly, expansion of CCTV network and fingerprint registration to prevent elderlies with Alzheimer's disease going missing. However, these programs are not done on a national scale, but rather limited to local police stations. The purpose of this study is to seek police roles for enhancing elderly safety, due to lack of police activity in this area. Recommendation for police roles in enhancing elderly safety is to first conduct routine crackdowns on fraud against elderly and also conduct education programs for preventing fraud. Also, crimes such as elderly abuse is lead by elderly protection agencies, but considering elderly abuse is a crime, the police should take a leading role. Also, to prevent elderly suicide, meticulous management of elderlies with high suicide risk is necessary, and elderly protection areas should be designated to prevent traffic accidents. Also, elderlies should be induced to turn in their driver's license. To conduct these matters of elderly safety, an organization exclusively charged with elderly safety is necessary. Elderly safety is a broad concept, and since police alone cannot handle the task of ensuring elderly safety, the police should take on a leading role in cooperative efforts with various institutions of the government, non-profit organizations and the community to establish a social saftey net for elderly safety.