• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2009

CR방식의 도입으로 인해 많은 장점을 가지게 되었으나 기존의 Film/Screen방식에서 발생되지 않았던 Artifact가 새롭게 발생하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 광주에 위치한 일개 종합병원에서 획득한 CR 영상 중 Artifact가 발생한 경우를 3가지로 나누어 측정하였다. 시간 지연과 농도변화에 의한 Artifact는 시간이 경과할수록 자연방사선에 의한 영향으로 1일보다 5일후에 67%의 농도가 증가 되었으며 잠상퇴행에 의한 Artifact는 즉시보다 10시간 후의 빛의 방출도가 33%감소하여 시판이 경과할수록 영상의 질이 저하되었다. 술자에 의한 Artifact는 Collimation에 의한 Artifact가 53%, 기기에 의한 Artifact는 Guiding plate, Suction cup으로 인한 Artifact가 65%로 가장 많이 발생되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 Artifact에 대한 정확한 인식을 정기적인 점검을 통해 해결방안을 모색한다면 영상의 질 및 진료의 만족도를 높여 갈 수 있을 것이다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2016

본 연구는 돈분 퇴비화 시 공기흡입 시스템을 적용한 반응기 내 퇴비의 이화학적 성상을 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. 본 연구에서는 톱밥을 수분조절재로 이용하여 돼지분뇨와 적절하게 혼합한 후, 총 용적 30 L 크기의 플라스틱 재질 반응기에서 실험을 수행하였다. 공기펌프를 이용하여 반응기 하단부에서 공기를 주입하였으며, 진공흡입펌프를 이용하여 반응기 상단부, 중앙 측면부, 하단부에서 각각 공기를 흡입 할 수 있게 설비하였다. 온도의 경우, 퇴비화 개시 후 3일 째에 $58^{\circ}C{\sim}62^{\circ}C$로 가장 높게 관찰되었으며, 모든 시험구가 3일간 $50^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도를 유지하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 퇴비의 온도는 점차 안정화 되어 60일 이후 대기 온도와 비슷하게 감소했다. 퇴비단 표면에서 발생하는 암모니아는 대조구를 제외하고 퇴비화 개시 4일 째에 각각 상부흡입조건 : 500 ppm, 하부흡입조건 162 ppm, 중앙 측면흡입조건 120 ppm 순으로 가장 높은 발생량이 조사되었다. 퇴비 표면에서 발생한 암모니아의 경우, 상부흡입 처리구가 타 처리구에 비해 상대적으로 높은 암모니아 발생량을 보였다. 총 켈달질소 함량 (TKN)은 퇴비단의 질량 감소에 의해 점점 증가하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었고, C/N비는 초기 퇴비단이 23 이었으며, 퇴비화가 진행되면서 점차 감소해 최종적으로는 상부흡입조건 13, 중앙 측면흡입조건 12, 하부흡입 13으로 관찰되었다. $NH_4-N$ 과 $NO_3-N$의 비율은 퇴비화 개시 시 10.52였으며, 점차 감소하여 퇴비화 종료일에 상부흡입조건 0.97, 중앙 측면흡입조건 0.70, 하부흡입조건 3.2로 관찰되었다. 결과적으로 상부흡입조건과 중앙 측면흡입 조건이 양질 퇴비를 만들기 위한 최적의 조건인 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2017

본 연구는 톱밥이 수분조절재로 혼합된 돈분 퇴비화 시 공기 흡입 강도의 효과를 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 25 L 규모의 퇴비화 반응기에 일정하게 주입되는 공기 주입량을 기준으로 공기 흡입량을 4 단계 (100%, 200%, 300%, 400%)로 구분하여 실험을 수행하였다. 모든 반응기의 온도가 퇴비화 개시 후 2일 이내에 호열성 단계에 도달하였으며 퇴비화 5일 까지 이를 유지하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이후 반응기의 온도는 점차 감소하여 퇴비화 실험이 끝날 무렵에는 외기와 비슷한 온도를 나타냈다. 초기 혼합원료의 수분함량은 64.27% 로 측정되었으며, 점차 감소하여 100%에서 38.4, 200%에서 33.08%, 300%에서 14.59% 그리고 400%에서 11.93로 나타났다. 퇴비화 기간 동안, pH는 6.83에서 8.67로 증가하였다가 점점 감소하여 100%, 200%에서 7.56, 300%에서 8.19, 400%에서 8.08로 관찰되었으며, 이는 100%와 200%의 공기 흡입강도가 타 처리구보다 퇴비화에 적합한 흡입조건인 것으로 사료된다. 퇴비화 초기 혼합 원료의 총 켈달질소 (TKN)는 2.3%로 측정되었으나, 점차 변화하여 퇴비화 종료 시점에 100%는 3.3%, 200%는 3.1%, 300%는 2.5%, 400%는 2.3%로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과는 100%, 200% 처리구가 타 처리구에 비해 $CO_2$ 발생 및 수증기 휘발로 인한 중량손실이 높기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 퇴비화 초기 혼합원료의 C/N비는 25.17로 측정되었으며 급격히 감소하여 퇴비화 종료 시점에는 100%에서 11.88 200%에서 11.97, 300%에서 14.31, 400%에서 14.72로 조사되었으나 처리구 간 큰 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 이상의 연구 결과 양질 퇴비화를 위한 공기 주입량 대비 최적 공기 흡입 강도는 100%와 200% 처리구인 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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• pp.777-783
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• 2000

Composting by negative aeration is a reasonable proposition to control odor generated during composting process. Cattle manure and rice hulls mixtures were composted in a bin composting system by negative aeration. Continuous(CA) and intermittent(IA) aeration methods were applied to analyze the composting characteristics. The composting temperature and the ammonia emission during composting were investigated according to the aeration methods. The main problem for the negative aeration was the generation of condensate in the suction line of blower. The quantity of condensate was significant for continuous aeration. The aeration method should be modified to escape from the cooling effect of continuous aeration at the initial stage of composting. It took a longer time to finish a composting for intermittent aeration on account of lower aeration. It was concluded that the composting by negative aeration could be accomplished by either continuous or intermittent aeration method if the flow rate would be controlled more efficiently and the water vapor in suction line of blower could be removed effectively. Ammonia emission increased up to maximum value of 675ppm for continuous aeration while 300ppm for intermittent aeration. However, the cumulative value of ammonia emission was larger for intermittent aeration than for continuous aeration.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 1995

Traction is the treatment of choice for a small nuclear protrusion. The nucleus is soft and can be influenced by suction. Traction provides a method of improving on recumbency-the only effective treatment before traction was devised. The intention is to achieve rapid reduction by distraction the joint surfaces mechanically-a positive purpose-instead of merely avoiding the compression of the upright posture by putting the patient to bed and leaving him there. Recumbency, usually successful in the end, wastes an endless amount of the patient's time and money. Traction carries the further advantage of enabling the patient to be up and about, attending to his bussiness, during treatment. Traction brings the joint surfaces much farther apart than just lying in bed, a greater centripetal force acts on the protruded part of the nucleus. Traction has three beneficial effects; 1. Suction : a sub-atmospheric pressure induces a centripetal effect on the contents. 2. Distraction : increases the distance between the articular edges. X -rays have shown an increase in width of the joint of 2.5 mm. 3. Ligamentous tightening : the posterior longitudinal ligament tightens which then exerts centipetal force on a central protrusion.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2003

Using a wind tunnel testing, the aerodynamic load characteristics of an elliptic airfoil was described. The experimental data was obtained for angles of attack $-20^{\circ}$ to $+20^{\circ}$ with $2^{\circ}$ increments at a chord Reynolds number of $0.99{\times}105$ and $2.48{\times}105$. For each test case, chordwise suction pressure distributions and wake surveys were obtained. Static pressure measurements were made over a 10 sec averaging time at a 10 Hz sampling rate. For each case, wake survey was conducted with a pilot-static probe at 1.0c downstream from the trailing edge at very fine spacing to resolve the wake velocity deficit profile. As can be expected, suction pressure coefficient was increased with angle of attack. The normal force, CNmax, appeared peak value at the incidence angle of $12^{\circ}~14^{\circ}$, and the significant increase in profile drag at this range of angles of attack.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2009

The simulation of refrigeration cycle is important since the experimental approach is costly and time-consuming. The present paper focuses on the simulation of a refrigeration cycle equipped with a capillary tube-suction line heat exchanger(SLHX), which is widely used in small vapor compression refrigeration systems. The present simulation is based on fundamental conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy. These equations are solved through an iterative process. The non-adiabatic capillary tube model is based on homogeneous two-phase flow model. This model is used to understand the refrigerant flow behavior inside the non-adiabatic capillary tube. The simulation results show that both of the location and length of heat exchange section influence the coefficient of performance (COP).

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2007년도 제29회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.63-67
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• 2007

The high pressure turbopump carries out supplying the oxidizer in the liquid propulsion rocket in the combustion chamber. Because an LRE requires a very short starting time , the turbine at the turbopump experiences high torque that was produced by the high pressure and the high temperature. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a turbine blade surface temperature profiles at initial starting 0 ${\sim}$ 0.5 sec. Using $Fine^{Tm}$/turbo, three dimensional Baldwin-Lomax turbulence models are used for numerically analysis. The turbine is composed of 108 blades total, but only 7 rotors were considered because of periodic symmetry effect. Because of interaction with a bow shock on the suction surface, the boundary layer separates from suction surface at inner area of turbine blade. The averaged temperature of the turbine blade tip at 1000 rpm is higher than that of 9000 rpm. Especially at 1000 ${\sim}$ 9000 rpm, temperatures increases on the hub side of the turbine blade tip. Moreover at 9000 rpm, the temperatures from the hub to the shroud of the blade tip increase as well.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.599-604
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• 2015

Currently, the coolant system in industrial sites is an efficient process to keep clean cutting oils. However, the damage to a pump occurs due to a chip and debris when inhaled into the pump, and thus problems such as the reduction of both efficiency and lifespan might arise. In this study, a new type of filter was developed in order to primarily prevent the damage from the pump impeller and make it unnecessary to have the replacement and cleaning at the same time. This study found the problem reducing the suction volumetric efficiency and cavitation when inhaled, and conducted a method to solve the problem compared to the result of fluid analysis according to two velocity conditions. As a result, this study achieved the effect of lowering the pressure and meeting the suction flow rate by connecting the four filters.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회 2차
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

The natural soils are classified in saturated soils and unsaturated soils according to level of ground water but the research for only saturated soils has been conducted by this time. However, there are many proble.ms which are not solved by using the concept and principle of saturated soils on the natural soils. In fact, it is known that unsaturated soils represent the behavior characteristic unlike completely saturated soils because of the adhesion under the influence of negative pore water pressure, the high angle of friction and the low water permeability by the air entry. So it needs to conduct the various researches on insufficient unsaturated soils. In this paper, unsaturated triaxial compressive tests are conducted in order to do research on shear strength characteristic on sands and silty sands of Nakdong river. As a result of the tests, the cohesion is increased in non-linear type according to the change of the matric suction, but the angle of internal friction is not changed much.