• International journal of thyroidology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.130-136
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• 2018

Background and Objectives: Intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in thyroid surgery has been employed worldwide to identify and preserve the nerve as an adjunct to visual identification. The aims of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of IONM and difficulties in the learning curve. Materials and Methods: We studied 63 patients who underwent thyroidectomy with IONM during last 2 years. The standard IONM procedure was performed using NIM 3.0 or C2 Nerve Monitoring System. Patients were divided into two chronological groups based on the success rate of IONM (33 cases in the early period and 30 cases in the late period), and the outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: Of 63 patients, 32 underwent total thyroidectomy and 31 thyroid lobectomy. Failure of IONM occurred in 9 cases: 8 cases in the early period and 1 case in the late period. Loss of signal occurred in 8 nerves of 82 nerves at risk. The positive predictive value increased from 16.7% in the early period to 50% in the late period. The mean amplitude of the late period was higher than that of the early period (p<0.001). Conclusion: IONM in thyroid surgery is effective to preserve the RLN and to predict postoperative nerve function. However, failure of IONM and high false positive rate can occur in the learning curve, and the learning curve was about 30 cases based on the results of this study.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.1267-1272
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• 2009

목 적:국내 학동 전기 소아를 대상으로 폐활량 측정법을 시행하여 기존에 제시된 여러 지표를 기준으로 검사 결과의 적정성을 평가함으로써 이 연령대에서의 폐기능 검사의 성공률을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법:만성 기침이나 천식이 의심되어 내원한 2세 이상 6세 이하의 176명을 대상으로 폐활량 측정법을 시도하여 총 155 명에서 측정 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. ATS/ERS 에서 제시한 기준에 따라 후외삽용적(Vbe)이 80 mL 미만이고 FVC의 12.5% 미만일 때를 시작 기준에 적합하다고 정의하였다. 검사의 반복성을 확인하기 위해 선별한 두개의 유량-용적 곡선에서 FVC, FEV1의 차이를 구하여 FVC와 $FEV_1$의 절대적 차이값이 100 mL 또는 10% 미만인 경우를 적합하다고 정하였다. 검사의 종료에 대한 기준은 학동 전기 연령에서 수치적으로 정의되어 있지 않지만 유량-용적 곡선이 초기에 급격하게 증가해서 후기에 완만하게 감소하는 것을 합당하다고 보았다. 또한 유량-용적 곡선이 적절하게 나온 대상자(107명)를 선별하여 다른 문헌에 발표된 여러 정도 관리 기준에 맞추어 각 항목별로 성공률을 비교하였다. 결 과:전체 폐기능 검사의 성공률은 59% 이었고 연령이 증가할수록 폐활량 측정법의 성공률이 증가하였으며, 특히 3세부터 급격하게 성공률이 증가하였다(2세 14.3%, 3세 53.7%, 4세 65.1%, 5세 69.7%, 6세 70.8%). 폐활량 측정법의 실패 원인으로는 시작 기준에 맞지 않는 경우가 전체의 6.5%, 반복성 기준에 맞지 않는 경우가 12.3% 또 최대 호기량의 부족, 조기 종료 등으로 인해 검사 종료 기준에 맞지 않는 경우가 전체의 31% 로 가장 높았다. 폐활량 측정법 성공군와 실패군을 비교하였을 때 나이에서만 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.01). 정도 관리에 대한 몇몇 연구결과에 따라 각 항목별로 성공률을 보았을 때 연령이 증가할수록 성공률도 증가하였다. 결 론:학동 전기 소아에서도 약 60% 정도 폐활량 측정법을 성공적으로 수행하였다. 성공률은 연령에 따라 급격히 변화하므로 각 연령에 적합한 정도 관리 기준을 개발하여 이용한다면 검사의 성공률을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2008

Melting curve analysis of fluorescently labeled DNA fragments is used extensively for genotyping single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP). Here, we evaluated a SNP genotyping method by melting curve analysis with the two probe chemistries in a 384-well plate format on a Roche LightCycler 480. The HybProbe chemistry is based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) and the SimpleProbe chemistry uses a terminal self-quenching fluorophore. We evaluated FRET HybProbes and SimpleProbes for two SNP sites closely linked to two quantitative trait loci(QTL) for southern root-knot nematode resistance. These probes were used to genotype the two parents and 94 $F_2$ plants from the cross of PI 96354$\times$Bossier. The SNP genotypes of all samples determined by the LightCycler software agreed with previously determined SSR genotypes and the SNP genotypes determined on a Luminex 100 flow cytometry instrument. Multiplexed HybProbes for the two SNPs showed a 98.4% success rate and 100% concordance between repeats two of the same 96 DNA samples. Also, we developed a HybProbe assay for the Rcs3 gene conditioning broad resistance to the frogeye leaf spot(FLS) disease. The LightCycler 480 provides rapid PCR on 384-well plate and allows simultaneous amplification and analysis in approximately 2 hours without any additional steps after amplification. This allowed for a reduction of the potential contamination of PCR products, simplicity, and enablement of a streamlined workflow. The melting curve analysis on the LightCycler 480 provided high-throughput and rapid SNP genotyping and appears highly effective for marker-assisted selection in soybean.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2021

Background and Objectives To assess the effectiveness of overnight orthokeratology (OK) in myopia using a new contact lens design over a one-month wearing period. Materials and Methods Participants were required to have myopia between -3.00 and -7.50D and astigmatism ≤ 2.00 D to participate in the study. The participants underwent OK with the White OK lens^® (Interojo, Pyungtek, Korea), which has a 6-curve lens design. Participants were assessed at weeks 1, 2, and 4 using slit-lamp bio-microscopy, and tested for refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity, and corneal topography. Success was defined as achieving a Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR) ≤ 0.1. Results A total of 46 eligible subjects with a mean age of 23.11 ± 7.89 years were recruited. Baseline logMAR was 1.18 ± 0.30 and a consistent decrease in logMAR was observed from week 1 to week 4. The success rate was 95.35% at week 4. The mean sphere significantly decreased from a mean pre-fitting value of -4.58 ± 1.28 D to a mean value of -0.65 ± 0.69 D at week 4 (p < 0.0001). Statistically significant corneal flattening was detected during keratometry at week 4. Conclusion Overnight OK with the White OK lens is effective for the correction of moderate and high myopia with astigmatism over a one-month wearing period.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.43.4-43.4
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• 2021

One of the most promising secondary target programmes of DESI is the peculiar velocity survey, which will notably improve the measurements of cosmology parameters in the low-redshift universe. We use the Fundamental plane and Tully-Fisher relation as distance indicators to calculate peculiar velocities for DESI. This required additional observations to obtain spectra with sufficient quality to measure the velocity dispersions in the case of the fundamental plane, and to get off-centre redshift measurements to reconstruct the rotation curve in the case of the Tully-Fisher relation. However, we devised a clever strategy for suitable target galaxies, that takes advantage of the spare fibres of DESI to gather the required additional data without causing conflicts with the main survey programmes. We provide a brief overview of the preliminary results and success rate based on the first measurements obtained during survey validation as well as an outlook on expected improvements in the fσ₈ measurements once the survey has been completed.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.697-705
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• 2021

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and the accuracy of the coronary CT angiography (CCTA)-derived Registry of Crossboss and Hybrid procedures in France, the Netherlands, Belgium and United Kingdom (RECHARGE) score (RECHARGECCTA) for the prediction of procedural success and 30-minutes guidewire crossing in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO). Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty-four consecutive patients (mean age, 54 years; 79% male) with 131 CTO lesions who underwent CCTA before catheter angiography (CA) with CTO-PCI were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The RECHARGECCTA scores were calculated and compared with RECHARGECA and other CTA-based prediction scores, including Multicenter CTO Registry of Japan (J-CTO), CT Registry of CTO Revascularisation (CT-RECTOR), and Korean Multicenter CTO CT Registry (KCCT) scores. Results: The procedural success rate of the CTO-PCI procedures was 72%, and 61% of cases achieved the 30-minutes wire crossing. No significant difference was observed between the RECHARGECCTA score and the RECHARGECA score for procedural success (median 2 vs. median 2, p = 0.084). However, the RECHARGECCTA score was higher than the RECHARGECA score for the 30-minutes wire crossing (median 2 vs. median 1.5, p = 0.001). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the RECHARGECCTA and RECHARGECA scores for predicting procedural success showed no statistical significance (0.718 vs. 0.757, p = 0.655). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and the negative predictive value of the RECHARGECCTA scores of ≤ 2 for predictive procedural success were 78%, 60%, 43%, and 87%, respectively. The RECHARGECCTA score showed a discriminative performance that was comparable to those of the other CTA-based prediction scores (AUC = 0.718 vs. 0.665-0.717, all p > 0.05). Conclusion: The non-invasive RECHARGECCTA score performs better than the invasive determination for the prediction of the 30-minutes wire crossing of CTO-PCI. However, the RECHARGECCTA score may not replace other CTA-based prediction scores for predicting CTO-PCI success.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1715-1718
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• 2015

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging of breast, reported to be a high sensitivity of 94% to 100%, is the most sensitive method for detection of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate our clinical experience in MRI-guided breast lesion wire localization in Chinese women. Materials and Methods: A total of 44 patients with 46 lesions undergoing MRI-guided breast lesion localization were prospectively entered into this study between November 2013 and September 2014. Samples were collected using a 1.5-T magnet with a special MR biopsy positioning frame device. We evaluated clinical lesion characteristics on pre-biopsy MRI, pathologic results, and dynamic curve type baseline analysis. Results: Of the total of 46 wire localization excision biopsied lesions carried out in 44 female patients, pathology revealed fourteen malignancies (14/46, 30.4%) and thirty-two benign lesions (32/46, 69.6%). All lesions were successfully localized followed by excision biopsy and assessed for morphologic features highly suggestive of malignancy according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category of MRI (C4a=18, C4b=17, C4c=8,C5=3). Of 46 lesions, 37 were masses and 9 were non-mass enhancement lesions. Thirty-two lesions showed a continuous kinetics curve, 11 were plateau and 3 were washout. Conclusions: Our study showed success in MRI-guided breast lesion wire localization with a satisfactory cancer diagnosis rate of 30.4%. MRI-guided wire localization breast lesion open biopsy is a safe and effective tool for the workup of suspicious lesions seen on breast MRI alone without major complications. This may contribute to increasing the diagnosis rate of early breast cancer and improve the prognosis in Chinese women.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.105-118
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• 2017

The debris slope landforms which are existent in Korean mountains is generally on the steep slopes and mostly covered by vegetation, it is difficult to investigate the landform. Therefore a scientific method is required to come up with an effective field investigation plan. For this purpose, the use of Remote Sensing and GIS technologies for a spatial analysis is essential. This study has extracted the potential area of debrisslope landform formation using Fuzzy set and Bayesian Predictive Discriminate Model as mathematical data integration methods. The first step was to obtain information about debris locations and their related factors. This information was verified through field investigation and then used to build a database. In the second step, the map that zoning the study area based on the degree of debris formation possibility was generated using two modeling methods, and then cross validation technique was applied. In order to quantitatively analyze the accuracy of two modeling methods, the calculated potential rate of debrisformation within the study area was evaluated by plotting SRC(Success Rate Curve) and calculating AUC(Area Under the Curve). As a result, the prediction accuracy of Fuzzy set model wes 83.1% and Bayesian Predictive Discriminate Model wes 84.9%. It showed that two models are accurate and reliable and can contribute to efficient field investigation and debris landform management.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.77-91
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• 2017

Many debris landforms in the mountains of Korea have formed in the periglacial environment during the last glacial stage when the generation of sediments was active. Because these landforms are generally located on steep slopes and mostly covered by vegetation, however, it is difficult to observe and access them through field investigation. A scientific method is required to reduce the survey range before performing field investigation and to save time and cost. For this purpose, the use of remote sensing and GIS technologies is essential. This study has extracted the potential area of debris landform formation using a fuzzy set model as a mathematical data integration method. The first step was to obtain information about the location of debris landforms and their related factors. This information was verified through field observation and then used to build a database. In the second step, we conducted the fuzzy set modeling to generate a map, which classified the study area based on the possibility of debris formation. We then applied a cross-validation technique in order to evaluate the map. For a quantitative analysis, the calculated potential rate of debris formation was evaluated by plotting SRC(Success Rate Curve) and calculating AUC(Area Under the Curve). The prediction accuracy of the model was found to be 83.1%. We posit that the model is accurate and reliable enough to contribute to efficient field investigation and debris landform management.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk of cropland and man-made infrastructures in a landslide-prone area using a GIS-based method. To achieve this goal, a landslide inventory map was prepared based on aerial photograph analysis as well as field observations. A total of 550 landslides have been counted in the entire study area. For model analysis and validation, extracted landslides were randomly selected and divided into two groups. The landslide causative factors such as slope, aspect, curvature, topographic wetness index, elevation, forest type, forest crown density, geology, land-use, soil drainage, and soil texture were used in the analysis. Moreover, to identify the correlation between landslides and causative factors, pixels were divided into several classes and frequency ratio was also extracted. A landslide susceptibility map was constructed using a bayesian predictive model (BPM) based on the entire events. In the cross validation process, the landslide susceptibility map as well as observation data were plotted with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve then the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and tried to extract a success rate curve. The results showed that, the BPM produced 85.8% accuracy. We believed that the model was acceptable for the landslide susceptibility analysis of the study area. In addition, for risk assessment, monetary value (local) and vulnerability scale were added for each social thematic data layers, which were then converted into US dollar considering landslide occurrence time. Moreover, the total number of the study area pixels and predictive landslide affected pixels were considered for making a probability table. Matching with the affected number, 5,000 landslide pixels were assumed to run for final calculation. Based on the result, cropland showed the estimated total risk as US $ 35.4 million and man-made infrastructure risk amounted to US $ 39.3 million.