• Title/Summary/Keyword: Suburban

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Red Light Violations Analysis Using Statistical Methods - in case of Chungbuk 4-Legged Signalized Intersections - (통계적기법을 이용한 신호위반 분석(충청북도 4지 신호교차로를 중심으로))

  • Park, Jeong-Soon;Kim, Yun-Hwan;Jung, Woo-Teak
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 2010
  • This case study investigated red light violations at CBD, suburban and rural signalized intersections in chungbuk. The goal of this study is to understanding the collection between red light violations and various driver, vehicles and environmental factors. This study uses descriptive statistics analysis and logistics analysis with SPSS 12.0 software. The major results of this study are as follows. First, red light violations occurred at rural and CBD more than suburban area. Second, About 81.1% of the violators were traveling at or below the posted speed limit. Moreover, 77.3% of the violations occurred within 2 seconds after the on set of red light. Finally, the logistic regression model, which is statistically significant(chisquare=0.000, McFadde=0.265)was developed, and includes the local type(CBD/suburban/rural), violators' gender, season, vehicle type, time of day, vehicle speed as the independent variables. In this study did not find significant relationship between red light violators' age and their driving behavior approaching signalized intersections.

A Study on Eating Behaviors and Food Preferences of the Workers at Transportation Business in Daegu Areas by Work Site (대구지역 운수종사자의 영업지역별 식행동 특성 및 음식 기호도 조사 연구)

  • 김정숙
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.311-319
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    • 2000
  • This study was to investigate eating behaviors and food preferences of the worker at transportation business in Daegu areas by work site. The survey was performed by questionnaires from July 13 to August 25, 1999 against 353 of males. As a general factor, the subjects of survey were male drivers in their forties to fifties. Their education level was middle school (46.5%) and high school (47.3%) diploma. The subjects were composed of 44.2% of city workers and 55.5% of suburban workers. This study showed that the city workers eat three meals per day with high percentage (92.9%) and a large number of suburban workers (21.3%) eat two meals only. Most of the subjects 782.% responded that their diet life were irregular due to the property of their job. The food preferences of most of workers (94.9%) were Korean food rather than any other foods. Frequency of eating-out was much higher in city drivers than in suburban drivers. They considered taste of food firstly and the prices of food secondly, but the nutritional value of food was considered with a very low percentage (14.7%). Their favorite menu turned out to be the Korean style one-dish food, of those one-dish Koran food, they preferred rice or soup to the noodles. These results suggest that he nutritional education against the workers at transportation business is needed to set the proper menu considering the characteristics of the preference each group of workers.

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The Relation between Farmers' Syndrome and Quality of Life of Residents in Suburban Area (보건진료소 관할 도시근교 농촌지역 주민의 농부증과 삶의 질의 관계)

  • Park, In-Hyae;Joo, Ae-Ran;Kim, Youn-Kyoung
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.495-505
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the relation between farmers' syndrome and the quality of life of residents in suburban areas. Methods: A total of 994 subjects were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected from June 25 to August 31, 2007. Data analysis included frequency, $X^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS Win 12.0. Results: 1. Analysis of farmers' syndrome showed that there were statistically significant differences according to age, gender, education, living with, family conversation, health security, monthly income, occupation, general health status, systolic blood pressure, and sleeping time. 2. Analysis of the qualify of life showed that there were statistically significant differences according to age, education, religion, family conversation, health security, monthly income, occupation, and sleeping time. 3. Farmers' syndrome was in a significantly negative correlation with quality of life. Conclusions: Considering the results above, we need to develop nursing interventions for decreasing hypertension, high blood sugar, and farmers' syndrome of residents in suburban area.

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Influence of spacing between buildings on wind characteristics above rural and suburban areas

  • Kozmar, Hrvoje
    • Wind and Structures
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.413-426
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    • 2008
  • A wind tunnel study has been carried out to determine the influence of spacing between buildings on wind characteristics above rural and suburban type of terrain. Experiments were performed for two types of buildings, three-floor family houses and five-floor apartment buildings. The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) models were generated by means of the Counihan method using a castellated barrier wall, vortex generators and a fetch of roughness elements. A hot wire anemometry system was applied for measurement of mean velocity and velocity fluctuations. The mean velocity profiles are in good agreement with the power law for exponent values from ${\alpha}=0.15$ to ${\alpha}=0.24$, which is acceptable for the representation of the rural and suburban ABL, respectively. Effects of the spacing density among buildings on wind characteristics range from the ground up to $0.6{\delta}$. As the spacing becomes smaller, the mean flow is slowed down, whilst, simultaneously, the turbulence intensity and absolute values of the Reynolds stress increase due to the increased friction between the surface and the air flow. This results in a higher ventilation efficiency as the increased retardation of horizontal flow simultaneously accompanies an intensified vertical transfer of momentum.

Comparing subjective landscape perceptions between the native and non-native residents in suburban rural area - Searching for a landscape management based on the characteristics of urban to rural migrants - (도시근교 농촌경관에 대한 거주민별 주관적 인식 비교 - 귀농·귀촌인의 특성을 고려한 경관관리 방안모색 -)

  • Lee, Cha Hee
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.13-24
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    • 2020
  • As the importance of rural landscapes has recently emerged due to an increase in number of urban to rural migrants into suburban area in Korea, this study empirically grasps the differences in subjective landscapes perceptions between native and non-native residents. and tried to explore new landscape management possibilities through the role of each residents group. To this end, based on the data collected through the 'photo-elicitation with walking', the residents' landscape perception objects, perception factors, and perceived feelings are derived, and then the differences and characteristics of landscapes perception between native and non-native residents group were analyzed. As a result, native residents perceived everyday landscapes relatively meaningfully and provided abundant information in all aspects, while non-native residents mainly recognized characteristic landscapes and responded more sensitively to visual and environmental perception factors than the natives. Non-native residents also showed strong willingness to improve the degraded landscapes. These results are expected to provide a basis for exploring the role of residents in rural landscape planning and management in the future.

Monitoring Nesting Habits and Breeding Biology of Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) in Suburban Areas of Seoul, Korea: A Case Study of Daejang-dong Village in Bucheon City (서울 근교 제비의 영소습성과 번식생태 모니터링 - 부천시 대장동 마을을 대상으로 -)

  • Choi, Jin-Woo;Kwak, Jeong-in
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.28 no.8
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    • pp.645-654
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    • 2019
  • This study was conducted in two breeding seasons in 2017 to identify nesting habits and breeding biology of barn swallows in Daejang-dong village, Bucheon city, suburban Seoul. Among the 77 barn swallow nests studied, there were 34 breeding nests -27 in the first and 12 in the second. The reuse rate of old nests was 51.6%. In addition to tile-roofed houses (20.6%), breeding nests were most common in brick houses (38.2%) and in slate-roofed houses (26.5%). Most breeding nests were in eaves (58.8%) and front doors (32.3%). The average clutch size was $4.8{\pm}0.9$ in the first and $4.3{\pm}0.5$ in the second. The breeding success rate was 75.0% in the first and 58.1% in the second, considering the hatching rate and the fledgling rate. It was found that the rainy season was affected by a lack of food. At least 27 pairs of nestling barn swallows and 127 young barn swallows successfully fledged were estimated to be 181. These results show that Daejang-dong village is an important suburban habitat of the Seoul metropolitan area, and that it can be used to verify the environmental conservation value of rice fields of in the Seoul metropolitan area.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SUBURBAN STATION REHABILITATION

  • TaeHoon Hong;Sangyoub Lee
    • International conference on construction engineering and project management
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.855-861
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    • 2005
  • Every public agency governing infrastructure has to plan effectively for rehabilitation of existing facilities within the constraints of the capital program. Numerous technical, social, political, financial, and management constraints govern the decision to rehabilitate a facility. However, without a systematic procedure for selecting facilities for rehabilitation, within the prevailing constraints, it is possible that the funds available for rehabilitation might be suboptimized. Therefore, a decision support system that assists the user in selecting facilities for rehabilitation while considering the technical, social, financial, and political and management constraints will be useful in the decision-making process. This paper compares the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the Swing Weight method used to prioritize functional criteria for suburban station rehabilitation. This paper also contains a brief discussion about the relevance of the Multi Attribute utility theory in developing a decision model for the problem at hand. The results of this paper provides the user with a decision support system that would prioritize the stations in order of their weights obtained by a systematic evaluation of various criteria and sub-criteria involved in the decision making process

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Trend of the Changes in the Level of Blood Lead, Urinary Arsenic and Urinary Cadmium of children in Ulsan ; 3-year Follow-up Study (울산지역 어린이들의 혈중 연, 요중 비소 및 카드뮴 농도 변화추이 - 3년 추적조사)

  • Yoo, Cheol-In;Lee, Ji-Ho;Lee, Hun;Kim, Yang-Ho;Lee, Choong-Ryeol
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.166-174
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    • 2001
  • Objectives : To obtain basic data on blood lead level and urinary level of arsenic and cadmium of children living near a petrochemical estate and a suburban area in Ulsan, Korea and to observe the trend of the changes. In the level of these metals in these children. Methods : The study subjects comprised 626 children living near a petrochemical estate and 299 children living in a suburban area of Ulsan. We analyzed the level of lead, arsenic and cadmium using atomic absorption spectrometer. Results : The mean levels of blood lead in children living near the petrochemical estate were $5.25{\mu}g/dl,\;5.24{\mu}g/dl,\;and\;7.24{\mu}g/dl$, and in the years 1997, 1999, and 2000, respectively, whereas those of children living in the suburban area were $3.81{\mu}g/dl,\;4.75{\mu}g/dl,\;and\;7.19{\mu}g/dl$ respectively. The mean levels of urinary arsenic in children living near the petrochemical estate were $4.57{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, $4.78{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, and $6.02{\mu}g/g$ creatinine in the year 1997, 1999, and 2000 respectively, whereas those of children living in suburban area were $2.35{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, $4.75{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, and $7.07{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, respectively. The mean levels of urinary cadmium in children living near the petrochemical estate were $1.15{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, $1.05{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, and $1.71{\mu}g/g$ creatinine in the year 1997, 1999, and 2000, respectively, whereas those of the children living in the suburban area were $0.74{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, $1.29{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, and $1.48{\mu}g/g$ creatinine, respectively. There were increasing trends in the level of blood lead, urinary arsenic and cadmium of children in Ulsan, and the differences in the level of these metals were disappearing between the children living in other areas year by year. Conclusions : These results suggest that the amount of exposure to lead, arsenic, and cadmium is increasing from year to year, and there is a need for periodic biological and atmospheric monitoring of these metals in Ulsan.

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