• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.92-101
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• 2019

This study used the Q-method to derive the structure of subjective opinions and perceptions of university students about the behavior of food delivery agency service provided by staff not directly employed in restaurants. For this purpose, the Q factor analysis was performed using the PC QUANL program for the Q-sort, which consists of a statement card, a P-sample, and a classification process. The results were classified into three types. The factor names were set as the first type (N = 7): efficiency seeking type, the second type (N = 19): benefit seeking type, and the third type [(N = 6): cost-effectiveness seeking type. The characteristics of each type are Type 1:Types that recognize aspects that are efficient for both consumers and restaurants, Type 2: Types of recognizing aspects of being benefited from speed, convenience and benefit, Type 3: Although it contributes to labor cost savings, it appears to recognize price and quality aspects in the initial market, which is burdened by consumers. The purpose of this study is to derive the problems of food delivery agency service business according to the three types and to provide strategic implications for the development direction and improvement plan.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.8
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• pp.95-127
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• 2005

It's a matter of ontology rather than that of cognition and methodology to discuss a work of art in Gadamer's philosophy. In addition, he emphasizes the cognitive aspect of a work of art instead of comparing forms and contents of them. For that reason, he excludes aesthetic consciousness derived from Kant first and then makes away with Schiller's theory of aesthetic education. For Gadamer, the concept of truth does not mean accord or correspondence. It would rather be an encounter. This encounter is not axed on a specific time, but a continuous and historical one. Basically. a work of art guarantees this kind of an encounter. This encounter is not based on mutual agreement through an objective standard but on recognition with mutual understanding. Therefore, prejudice or tradition should be acknowledged and respected instead of being excluded. We have only to minimize difference between them through conversation. Gadamer's ontology of a work of art is based on such a ground. The function of a work of art is not only simple satisfaction of aesthetic senses but an object of interpretation, that is, a text by presenting a ground of truth through an agreement of situation. This text reveals its meaning in the situation of author-text-reader. The appearance of this meaning is nothing but the birth of truth. Symbol-allegory and classicism show how to express this kind of truth in a work of art. It is true that Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics cannot be easily applied to interpret a concrete work of art because it just lays emphasis on the process of 'understanding' instead of a detailed analysis on an individual work. For that reason, he was criticized by some people because of this subjectivity of understanding. However, it's meaning could be changed according to the viewpoint on a work of art. There appears various structural approaches on a work of art in contemporary theory of art. Gadamer just asks the basis of such approaches instead of criticizing a specific one Therefore, a practical approach on individual work should be made separately and hermeneutics enriches the meaning of open-ending of each work of art.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.568-580
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• 2019

With mobility-as-a-service(MaaS) drawing attention to its influence and ripple effect around the world, the mobility service market is currently growing rapidly mainly focusing on mobility sharing. In order to preemptively dominate the mobility service market following the full-scale spread of MaaS, it is important to first identify the recognition and experience of users in personal mobility sharing services, which are currently in the early stages of diffusion, and through which to understand the characteristics of potential consumers of the extended mobility service market. Therefore, the study aims to classify the user types of mobility service and establish a future user experience-oriented mobility service strategy using a subjectivity study method, Q methodology.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.442-454
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• 2021

Many domestic and international airlines that experienced dramatic recession due to COVID-19 pandemic are carefully being ready to normalise operations as a number of governments has begun to vaccinate for COVID-19. So with the same market share from domestic to short distant international services, the competition between Full Service Carriers (FSC) and low cost carriers (LCC) is anticipated to be more intensive. To explore the concepts such as the perception, value, attitude and faith of the object, this study implements Q methodology proposed to complement the limitations of quantitative and qualitative research methodology. As a result, the consumers of airlines' brand are divided into three types - the type of utility seeking, value-oriented and task-related. Using Q samples which consist of 25 statements, this study specifically approached the traits of each type by observing the subjectivity with the comparative P sample group that is made up for 20 participants. By discovering the type of FSC and LCC's brand asset and comparing the recognition of consumers, not only does this study evoke the need for a strategic direction of the effective management of Airlines' Brand asset but also have a signification in the way that especially provide hypotheses for follow up studies.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.693-718
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• 2009

Kate Burns, a disillusioned Irish woman in Quetzalcoatl, has alternating feelings of fear, repulsion, oppression, compassion, and fascination vis-à-vis Mexican people. Together, these feelings are constitutive of a psychic process in which an imaginary appropriation of the other takes place. In this process white subjectivity represents or reconstructs the dark race precisely as its other. At the same time, Kate's feelings register her anxious recognition of the resistant, unappropriated being of the dark people: their true 'otherness,' or what Žižek calls "the excess of existence over representation." The otherness, frequently racial and sexual, evokes mixed feelings in the white subject. Kate's at once amorous and aggressive response to Ramón's body provides a case in point. Kate's emotional undulation is considerably mitigated in The Plumed Serpent, the revised version of the novel in which the theme of 'blood-mixing' is pushed to the ultimate point. Yet the interracial marriage resolves neither the racial nor the ontologico-sexual issues raised in the first version. Kate is still attracted to Ramón in his sagacious sensuality but goes on to get married to Cipriano, a pure Indian, only to find his mechanical masculinity ever unpalatable. This shows, not just Lawrence's wilful commitment to the 'blood-mixing' theme, but perhaps his lingering taboo against miscegenation as well. Changes in the plot entail those in the narrative voice. In Quetzalcoatl, Owen, a spectatorial and gossipy character, frequently competes for narration with the fully participant third-person narrator. In The Plumed Serpent, the third-person narrator becomes predominant, now attempting with greater confidence to present the reality of the racial other immediately to European readership. While such immediacy is illusional, narrative insistence on it implies a struggle to displace racial stereotypes and offer an experiential understanding of the other.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.115-128
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• 2019

Huam-dong is a representative area from the Japanese colonial period and is the space where most Japanese-style buildings remain in Seoul. Interest in modern cultural heritage continues to increase, including the registration of cultural properties in 2001, building assets in 2015, and the registration of cultural property units in 2018. As the debate continues over the necessity of preserving cultural heritage that reminds us of the Japanese colonial, there is a need for research to grasp the perceptions of stakeholders along with the perceived value of such spaces. This study identified the subjective perception types of the stakeholders concerned with the Japanese-style building group in Huam-dong, analyzed characteristics by types, and debated the issues. For this purpose, Q methodology, which is a statistical technique for measuring human self-subjectivity and extracting common human perspectives, was used. A literature study on the values of Huam-dong and modern cultural heritage was conducted, and a Q questionnaire based on five aspects of modern cultural heritage values (historical, architectural, sociocultural, landscape, and economic) was applied. The results of the study depicted three types of cognition and showed different attitudes toward the Japanese building group. This study found a conflict comparing the perceptional differences between the types of cognition. This study is meaningful in that it provides an in-depth approach to the perspectives of the stakeholders concerned with the Japanese-style buildings clustered in central Seoul. It is also meant to present a theoretical framework that can be applied to the use area as sustainable cultural heritage through the establishment of preservation and utilization of Japanese-style areas and conflict resolution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.189-200
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• 2019

Korean seafarers have played a key role throughout the country's history and economic development. They have been a major source of foreign remittance into the nation as well as a pivotal sector in emergency logistics during war times. However, the current number of Korean seafarers in decreasing due to low job attractiveness and retention rate onboard. This is a major problem for the national and international shipping industry as youth seem not to be interested in working onboard for long periods of time. The purpose of this study is to 1) determine what the public opinion about seafarers in Korea is and 2) find out what factors mostly stand out in the public opinion about seafarers profession. The paper suggests that three main types of opinion groups emerged. The first type is labeled as 'high risk, high workload and high stress' as respondents recognized a high possibility of accident onboard and, at the same time, acknowledged that seafarers can be fatigued and stressed. The second type was named as 'Dangerous, Dirty, Difficult', as seafarers' image was mainly associated to fishing vessels and not to merchant and passenger ships. The third type recognized that the social position of the seafarers was low due to 'low social recognition'. The study suggests that all three types have a negative image of seafarers' job. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to establish various policies and marketing tools to improve the negative job image linked to seafarers by the public opinion. If the public image of seafarers can be improved and attractiveness rose, it is expected a higher number of seafarers will pursue and keep a career at sea.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.68 no.5
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• pp.259-273
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate changes in metamodeling recognition among chemistry teachers through a teacher educational program related to redox models and water electrolysis experiments. To this end, a science model education program was developed for 9 chemistry teachers and conducted over 10 lessons for a total of 40 hours. In addition, a pre- and post-survey was administered to determine teachers' metamodeling recognition in non-contextual and contextual situations. As a result of the study, through the science model education program, teachers showed educational effects in both non-contextual and contextual situations. In the case of non-contextual situations, the stages of scientific metamodeling knowledge development of chemistry teachers came out differently depending on the type of question. For example, the nature or purpose of the model, the modeling process, or the evaluation and improvement of the model improved from low to high, but there was no significant change because the perception of model change and diversity was already high in advance. In the case of contextual situations, the stage of scientific metamodeling knowledge development improved from objectivity to subjectivity in both the redox model theory class and the water electrolysis model experiment class. Therefore, through the 5E circular learning model-based education program, chemistry teachers' perception of metamodeling was clearly improved. However, the modeling activities of teachers in the water electrolysis model experiment class were different from the change in metamodeling perception. The types that teachers selected as additional experiments for modeling were analyzed in two ways. The first type is when they are interested in finding an ideal condition in which the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen gas is close to 2:1 through additional experiments. The second type is when additional experiments are designed with interest in why the experimental results are coming out like that. It was analyzed that the second type was the experiment necessary for modeling. In addition, modeling activities were analyzed into two types. The first was a type in which water molecules were directly decomposed in two electrodes to generate hydrogen and oxygen gas. This type was the case of regression to the textbook model regardless of the experimental results, and 6 chemistry teachers out of 8 were analyzed as this type. The second type was the type in which water reacted at the (+) electrode to generate other substances, and hydrogen ions reacted at the (-) electrode to generate hydrogen gas. Teachers who performed these modeling activities corresponded to the second type in additional experiments, and 2 chemistry teachers out of 8 corresponded to this. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an experience of activities corresponding to the second type of experiment and modeling through an educational program that provides an experience of directly modeling through experiments in order to develop modeling capabilities, unlike the development of metamodeling knowledge.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.396-404
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• 2010

This study aimed to investigate a perception of teachers engaged in special education for scientifically gifted regarding nature of science and identify attitudes toward teaching nature of science. The sample of this study consists of 122 science teachers who are teaching or taught students attending gifted classes of any primary school in Korea and any gifted education center of every District Office of Education. We made a partial amendment of a VOSE that was developed by Chen(2006) and then used. We tested their perception and attitudes in regard to nature of science. In terms of nature of science, we devide it into 7 sub-areas to analyse. For attitudes toward teaching nature of science, we investigate and analyse following 5 sub-areas; tentativeness of scientific knowledge, nature of observation, scientific methods, theories and laws and subjectivity and objectivity. The result showed that the generally teachers have a desirable recognitions about a nature of science. For attitudes toward teaching nature of science, the teachers showed that they have positive attitudes. However between degrees of teachers' recognition about a nature of science and attitudes toward teaching nature of science showed a low correlation. To increase their understanding of nature of science and develop attitudes toward teaching nature of science, there should be more training time for the teachers and training contents also should be changed. In addition, we hope that this study contribute to develop contents and direction of training for the teachers as a basic reference.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.53
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• pp.57-87
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• 2014

This article re-reads the messages of the text, 'Incendies', the uncanny actions and the strange words of protagonist Nawal, through the ideas of Jacques Lacan, particularly his notion of sexuation with posing questions about most of the previous reviews which are based on femininity or motherhood. For Lacan, masculinity and femininity are not biological essences but symbolic positions, and the assumption of one of these two positions is fundamental to the construction of subjectivity. So 'man' and 'woman' are merely signifiers that stand for these two subjective positions. Each side is defined by both an affirmation and a negation of the phallic function, by both an inclusion and exclusion of absolute non-phallic jouissance. Unlike the man, the woman is 'not-all' identified with the phallic function, demonstrating the undecidability and impossibility of totalising the woman. Although the woman is bound to do castration through being subject to the phallic function, she is also related to the signifier of the barred Other, S(Ⱥ) which stands for a gap or lack in the Other. Thus, as a consequence of not being entirely within the symbolic, she has an Other Jouissance, Feminine Jouissance, because it's possible to face emptiness of the Symbolic, the Real only in the place of the woman for new Ethics/Politics. This paper finds that Nawal is not completely defined by the phallic function and she is a subject of death drive that practices the signifying cut with passing through the fantasy as a screen for the desire of the Other. Nawal is situated on the position of the woman as 'not-all' unlike masculinity in Lacanian sexuation. This article shows that her strange acts are love, that is the true ethical acts. Above all her acts are related to the ethics of pure desire beyond the ethics of the Good of Aristotle. In that sense the character of Nawal of 'Incendies' is similar to the one of 'Antigone' as a character in all aspects. In psychoanalysis they all are true subjects that face a void, emptiness in a symbolic structure. They assume underlying impossibility of being/the Symbolic. They don't represent the images of compromise and peace in the normally accepted meaning of the word. A love that they show is not compassion but blind recognition of the excluded, embracing uniqueness of the excluded. This thesis finds resultingly Nawal's acts which can't be understood from viewpoint of feminism practice the ethics of the real, the politics of the real.