• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.787-799
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• 2020

Objectives: Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare papulosquamous disorder with unknown etiology. Studies on adults have not been conducted yet in Korean medicine. We report the progress of Korean medicine treatment for adult-type pityriasis rubra pilaris. Methods: A 62-year-old female patient was diagnosed with PRP in June 2019. After the diagnosis of PRP, retinoid treatment was continued for about 6 months, and then the drug was switched to an oral immunosuppressant. However, the patient's symptoms did not improve, but instead worsened. The patient was treated with Mihudeungsikjang-tang and acupuncture therapy. We evaluated her treatment progress based on the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the changes in the patient's subjective symptoms. Results: After Korean medicine treatment, the DLQI and VAS scores improved from 18 points to 16 points and from 6 points to 4 points, respectively. The whole-body itching and scaling were reduced by 30% compared to pretreatment. The itching and pain in the neck, which had been severely symptomatic, decreased by 50%. The pain and dysesthesia in the upper and lower extremities disappeared, but the erythema still remained. Conclusions: Conventional treatments for PRP have limitations due to adverse effects and difficulty in treating refractory forms. Korean medicine treatment is worth considering as it can complement the limitations of conventional treatments, although more studies will be needed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2000

Background: Pain is often measured using psychophysical scaling techniques. However, all of these methods found their limits, since they were based on the subjective sensations reported by the subjects. It is, therefore, desirable to validate psychophysical pain measures by simultaneously measuring some physiological correlate of nociception. We studied an objective method for measuring pain in human volunteer using R(III) nociceptive flexion reflex. Methods: Four different intensity of electrical stimuli between perception and 1.4 times the R(III) nociceptive flexion threshold were delivered to the sole of the feet in 8 normal volunteers. We measured the flexion reflex activity in the skin over the ipsilateral tibialis anterior muscle and subjects rated each stimulus on a visual analog scale (VAS) Results: Both R(III) nociceptive flexion reflex activity and VAS ratings showed a linear relationship with stimulus intensity and with each other in all volunteers. Conclusions: R(III) nociceptive flexion reflex elicited through electrical stimulation may used as an objective pain measurement, previsionary based on our study paradigm.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.604-609
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• 2014

미디어 플레이어에서의 디코딩 과정은 많은 연산을 필요로 하며, CPU로부터 높은 소비전력을 초래한다. 디코딩 연산을 줄이는 것은 CPU 소비 전력을 감소시킬 수 있지만 사용자로부터 비디오 품질을 저하시키게 된다. 본 논문에서는 H.264의 품질 확장성을 이용하여 새로운 CPU 전력 관리 기법을 제안한다. 첫째, VQM(Video Quality Metric)을 사용하여 계층적 비디오 코딩의 서로 다른 양자화 인자를 고려한 새로운 비디오 품질 모델을 제안한다. 그리고 이전 디코딩 시간과 프레임 크기를 선택적으로 융합한 디코딩 시간 예측기법에 기반한 새로운 동적 전압 기법을 제안한다. 최신 스마트폰에서 구현하였고, 사용자 테스트를 수행하였다. 제안한 기법을 실제 측정에 적용하였을 때 리눅스 동적 전압 및 주파수 조절(DVFS) 거버너에 비해 34%의 에너지 감소를 보였고 사용자 테스트를 통해 실험 영상의 품질 하락을 사용자는 인지하지 못하거나 용인될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the health belief model affecting the oral health behavior in middle and high school students. Methods: The subjects were 296 middle and high school students in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon from February 15 to March 21, 2014. The students filled out the self-reported questionnaires after receiving informed consents. The instrument was adopted and revised from those of Kim & Hwang, and Choi & Joo. The questionnaire consisted of 4 questions of general characteristics, 9 questions of oral health status including subjective oral health status, frequency of tooth brushing, duration of tooth brushing, method of tooth brushing, use of oral health devices, dental clinic visit, scaling services, snack intake, and smoking. The oral health belief consisted of 25 questions including susceptibility, seriousness, barriers, benefit, and self-efficacy using Likert 5 scale. The reliability of Cronbach's alpha in the study was 0.725. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver 18.0 for frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, ${\chi}^2$-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, simple regression, and binary logistic regression. Results: Oral health beliefs of middle and high school students affected the oral health behaviors. Susceptibility, barriers and self-efficacy also influenced on the oral health behaviors. In order to provide the best oral health education, susceptibility and self-efficacy are the primary factors to increase motivation because the motivation endows the students with correction of oral health behaviors that improve the knowledge, attitudes, and decrease barriers in oral hygiene. Conclusions: It is important to correct oral health behaviors in the middle and high school students by providing the continuing and systematic oral health education.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.118-121
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• 2014

영상 보간법은 영상의 크기 변환에서 나타나는 새로운 좌표의 화소의 값을 결정하는 방법이다. 영상 콘텐츠가 대용량화되면서 고속으로 개선된 결과 영상을 생성할 수 있는 영상 보간법이 요구된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 영상 해상도 개선을 위한 고속 다중 혼합영상 보간법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 입력 영상의 4개의 부영상으로부터 12개의 예상되는 부족분을 추정하고, 추정된 부족분과 입력 영상을 결합한 후 보간 함수를 거쳐서 결과 영상을 생성한다. 제안하는 방법은 비교 방법들보다 PSNR에서 최대 1.9dB, SSIM에서 최대 0.052 개선된 결과를 나타내었으며, 주관적 화질 비교에서도 우위에 있음을 실험을 통해서 알 수 있었다. 알고리즘의 동작속도 비교를 통해서 기존의 방법들보다 최소 3배 이상 빠르게 동작하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 제안하는 방법은 영상 해상도 개선을 위한 응용 환경에서 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2006

본 연구는 감성공학을 이용하여 승용차의 이미지분석을 하는데 관련된다. 본 연구에서는 감성공학적 접근법으로 제품의 이미지를 표현하는 적합한 형용사 조합을 도출한 다음 의미변별법을 이용하여 감성평가를 실시하고 그 결과를 요인분석법으로 처리하여 형용사 조합을 소수의 요인으로 축약한다. 다음으로 소수의 요인을 축으로 하여 이미지 공간을 구축하고 공간 내에서 개별 제품의 이미지 위치를 파악하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 국산 승용차 12개 모형에 대해서 감성공학적 접근법으로 이미지 평가실험을 하였는데, 감성평가에는 127명의 패널이 참가하였으며 14개 형용사 조합에 대해서 요인분석으로 이미지 공간을 구성하는 2개의 축, 즉, 요인을 도출하고 이미지공간에서의 개별 제품의 위치를 파악하였다. 그 결과 대체로 자동차 3사가 목표하는 이미지를 달성하고 있음이 나타났다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2021

Introduction Hand eczema is dermatitis that occurs on the hand and fingers. In this case, the patient had chronic hand eczema that had relapsed for 3 years, worsened for 6 months, and did not improve even with standard dermatological treatment. We report significant improvement of the patient with chronic hand eczema, diagnosed with Soeunmin Greater Yin Symptomatology based on Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods We prescribed herbal medicine, Sibimigwanjung-tang(十二味寬中湯), and the western medications were continued throughout the treatment period. To evaluate the treatment progression, we observed objective and subjective symptoms and took pictures of the patient's hands. Results At the first time of the outpatient visit, the patient complained of pain, oozing, scaling and severe itching even though she had taken dermatological medication for over 6 months. After 8 weeks of Korean medicine treatment, most symptoms showed improvement, and after about 47 weeks of treatment, the symptoms maintained 90% improvement even after stopping western medications and herbal medications. Conclusion The patient in this case showed a significant improvement of chronic hand eczema and the improvements have been maintained even stopping western medications and herbal medications during follow-up for 15 weeks. In addition, the patient showed improvement and maintenance of general conditions as well as skin-related symptoms. In this case, we can concern the effect of the Sasang Constitutional Medicine focused on treating the patient's general pathology as well as the patient's chief complaint at chronic hand eczema not responding to standard dermatological treatment.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.365-381
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• 2023

The existing vision-based techniques for inspection and condition assessment of civil infrastructure are mostly manual and consequently time-consuming, expensive, subjective, and risky. As a viable alternative, researchers in the past resorted to deep learning-based autonomous damage detection algorithms for expedited post-disaster reconnaissance of structures. Although a number of automatic damage detection algorithms have been proposed, the scarcity of labeled training data remains a major concern. To address this issue, this study proposed a semi-supervised learning (SSL) framework based on consistency regularization and cross-supervision. Image data from post-earthquake reconnaissance, that contains cracks, spalling, and exposed rebars are used to evaluate the proposed solution. Experiments are carried out under different data partition protocols, and it is shown that the proposed SSL method can make use of unlabeled images to enhance the segmentation performance when limited amount of ground truth labels are provided. This study also proposes DeepLab-AASPP and modified versions of U-Net++ based on channel-wise attention mechanism to better segment the components and damage areas from images of reinforced concrete buildings. The channel-wise attention mechanism can effectively improve the performance of the network by dynamically scaling the feature maps so that the networks can focus on more informative feature maps in the concatenation layer. The proposed DeepLab-AASPP achieves the best performance on component segmentation and damage state segmentation tasks with mIoU scores of 0.9850 and 0.7032, respectively. For crack, spalling, and rebar segmentation tasks, modified U-Net++ obtains the best performance with Igou scores (excluding the background pixels) of 0.5449, 0.9375, and 0.5018, respectively. The proposed architectures win the second place in IC-SHM2021 competition in all five tasks of Project 2.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.645-660
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to make and ascertain a decision making process on the base of patient-oriented utilitarianism in the treatment of patients of chronic adult periodontitis. Fifty subjects were chosen in Yonsei Dental hospital and the other fifty were chosen in Severance dental hospital according to the selection criteria. Fifty four patients agreed in this study. NS group(N=32) was treated with scaling and root planing without any surgical intervention, the other S group(N=22) done with flap operation. During the active treatment and healing time, all patients of both groups were educated about the importance of oral hygiene and controlled every visit to the hospital. When periodontal treatment needed according to the diagnostic results, some patients were subjected to professional tooth cleaning and scaling once every 3 months according to an individually designed oral hygienic protocol. Probing depth was recorded on baseline and 18 months after treatments. A questionnaire composed of 6 kinds(hygienic easiness, hypersensitivity, post treatment comfort, complication, functional comfort, compliance) of questions was delivered to each patient to obtain the subjective evaluation regarding the results of therapy. The decision tree for the treatment of adult periodontal disease was made on the result of 2 kinds of periodontal treatment and patient's ubjective evaluation. The optimal path was calculated by using the success rate of the results as the probability and utility according to relative value and the economic value in the insurance system. The success rate to achieve the diagnostic goal of periodontal treatment as the remaining pocket depth less than 3mm and without BOP was $0.83{\pm}0.12$ by non surgical treatment and $0.82{\pm}0.14$ by surgical treatment without any statistically significant difference. The moderate success rate of more than 4mm probing pocket depth were 0.17 together. The utilities of non-surgical treatment results were 100 for a result with less than 3mm probing pocket depth, 80 for the other results with more than 4mm probing pocket depth, 0 for the extraction. Those of surgical treatment results were the same except 75 for the results with more than 4mm. The pooling results of subjective evaluation by using a questionnaire were 60% for satisfaction level and 40% for no satisfaction level in the patient group receiving nonsurgical treatment and 33% and 67% in the other group receiving surgical treatment. The utilities for 4 satisfaction levels were 100, 75, 60, 50 on the base of that the patient would express the satisfaction level with normal distribution. The optimal path of periodontal treatment was rolled back by timing the utility on terminal node and the success rate, the distributed ratio of patient's satisfaction level. Both results of the calculation was non surgical treatment. Therefore, it can be said that non-surgical treatment may be the optimal path for this decision tree of treatment protocol if the goal of the periodontal treatment is to achieve the remaining probing pocket depth of less than 3mm for adult chronic periodontitis and if the utilitarian philosophy to maximise the expected utility for the patients is advocated.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2013

본 연구는 대전 동구 보육원생 대상 계속구강건강관리사업의 효과를 평가하고자 대전 동구 보육원생 109명을 대상으로 하여 2012년 7~8월에 구강검사와 COHIP를 비롯한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 2010년 국민구강건강실태조사 대전시 표본과 대전 동구에 거주하고 보건소 계속구강건강 관리사업을 받지 않은 아동의 자료를 검정값으로 이용하여 일표본 검정을 하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 계속구강건강관리사업을 받은 보육원 9~12세 아동과 13~18세 청소년은 우식경험영구치수에 있어서 대전시 12세, 15세 표본과 각각 비교하여 차이가 없으나, 13~18세 청소년은 대전시 15세 표본과 비교하여 우식치아수와 우식치면수가 유의하게 많았다(p<0.001). 2. 계속구강건강관리사업을 받은 보육원 9~12세 아동은 보건소 계속구강건강관리사업을 받지 않은 아동과 비교하여 치면세균막지수는 유의하게 적어서(p<0.001), 잇솔질 방법을 올바르게 수행하고 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 3. 계속구강건강관리사업을 받은 보육원 13~18세 청소년은 대전시 15세 표본과 비교하여 유의하게 적은 잇솔질 횟수, 많은 치은출혈삼분악수를 보여(p<0.001), 연령이 증가하면서 자가구강건강관리가 부족한 것으로 판단되었다. 4. 계속구강건강관리사업을 받은 보육원 9~12세 아동은 보건소 계속구강건강관리사업을 받지 않은 아동과 비교하여 아동 구강건강관련 삶의 질(COHIP) 총점과 자기이미지와 학교환경의 항목에서 부정적이었다(p<0.05). 따라서, 보육원생의 구강건강증진을 위해서는 현재 발생되어 있는 우식치면수의 감소가 필요하므로 구강병예방사업과 더불어 구강병치료사업이 추가되어야 한다. 연령이 증가할수록 구강건강이 악화되는 양상을 나타내므로 청소년은 아동과 분리하여 청소년에 맞는 구강보건교육, 보육원내의 구강보건행동에 대한 지속적인 모니터링과 심리적 지지가 필요하다.