• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.539-550
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• 2016

The objective of this research was to evaluate physical and mechanical properties of three species of Styrax woods from North Tapanuli in Indonesia. The woods were more than 15 years old. Physical properties such as specific gravity, green moisture content, and volume shrinkage were determined by the procedures based on BS-373 standard for small clear specimen. Furthermore, mechanical properties, including modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compression parallel to grain and hardness were also tested according to the standard. Along the stem direction, the edge section had better properties compared with those near the pith section. And the base section had also better properties than upper section. Based on the specific gravity, all of the Styrax woods in this research were classified into III-IV strength classes. A good dimensional stability was demonstrated by the value of the tangential and radial ratio which reached one. With the consideration of the mechanical properties, Styrax woods were suitable use for raw materials of light construction, furniture and handy craft.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

This study was carried out to analyze community character and classify forest community with phytosociological method and quadrat method to forest of Mt. Busosan in Buyeo-Gun.1. Communities by phytosociological method were classified into Pinus densiflora community and Quercus sp. community. With the classification of TWINSPAN, the community was categorized into Pinus densiflora - Quercus variabilis community and Pinus densiflora - Styrax japonica community.2. The importance value of Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, Prunus sargentii, Styrax japonica, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis, Pinus rigida, Quercus aliena in tree layer were 83.20, 41.87, 30.93, 24.85, 23.27, 20.97, 20.28, and 9.46, respectively. The relative coverage of Stephanandra incisa, Quercus serrata, Styrax japonica, Parthenocissua tricuspidata, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Lindera obtusiloba, Prunus sargentii, Quercus variabilis, Indigofera kirilowii, Quercus acutissima, Lespedeza maximowiczii, and Acer pseudosibolianum in shrub layer were 9.62%, 9.55%, 9.18%, 7.85%, 6.18%, 5.25%, 4.82%, 4.15%, 3.98%, 3.98%, 3.55%, and 2.98%, respectively.3. According to size distribution map of diameter breast height of dominant species, the dominant species of Mt. Busosan was Pinus densiflora, and Quercus sp. such as Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, and Quercus serrata may compete with the Pinus densiflora in the future.4. According to the ordination analysis of Mt. Busosan forest, Pinus densiflora - Styrax japonica community was found in moist site and Pinus densiflora - Quercus variabilis community was found in dry site.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.491-495
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• 2006

Methanol extracts of fruits of 67 plants were screened for in vivo antifungal activity against Magnaporthe grisea, Corticium sasaki, Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora infestans, Puccinia recondita, and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Among them, 13 plant extracts ($3,000\;{\mu}g/ml$) showed more than 90% disease-control efficacy against at least one of six plant diseases. Specifically, the extracts of Aleurites fordii, Angelica dahurica, Camellia japonica, Chamaecyparis pisifera, Pittosporum tobira, and Styrax japonica controlled more than 90% of the development of rice blast at $1,000{\mu}g/ml$. Extracts of both S. japonica and A. dahurica fruits at $333{\mu}g/ml$ concentration displayed strong antifungal activity against M. grisea on rice seedlings.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2012

An outbreak of Ricania sp. occurred in the Kurye, Jeonnam area in 2011. This outbreak damaged many kinds of fruit trees such as Cornus, Persimmon and Chestnut. This experiment was conducted to survey the occurrence ecology of Ricania sp. such as host plants, oviposition characters, morphological characters and life cycle, as well as to select environmental friendly control agents. Ricaina sp. host plants included 51 species such as 32 xylophytes, and 19 herbaceous plants. Ricaina sp. preferred Cornus officinalis, Diospyros kaki, Castanea crenata, Eucommia ulmoides, Styrax japonicus for oviposition. Adults laid eggs on new inner twigs with 28.8 eggs per egg-mass. Egg size was 1.24 mm(length), 0.55 mm(width) in an oval shape. Nymphs molted four times. Every nymph stage had an x shape of yellow or white beeswax around the anus. Overwintered eggs of Ricania sp. hatched from the mid May to early June. Nymphal periods were from mid May to mid August and adults appeared from mid July but spawning began in mid August. Ricania sp. damaged new twigs by oviposition and retarded growth by sucking nutrients and producing a sooty mold. Sophora and natural plant extracts were effective environmentally friendly agricultural materials used to control the nymph and adult Ricania sp. Mortality was > 80%.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.974-979
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• 2008

The powdery mildew, a fungal plant disease found in varieties of plant cultures, is occurred by attack with Fusarium sp., Sphaerotheca sp., Leveilluna sp., and Eryshipe sp.. In this study we investigated the control of Fusarium graminearum, a barley powdery mildew fungus, by natural plant extracts. Among the 900 plant extracts tested, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Ligusticum acutilobum, Bidens frondosa L., Dictamnus dasycarpus, Evodia officinalis, Disporum sessile, Scopolia japonica Max., Styrax japonica S. et Z., Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., Sinomenium acutum Rehder et Wils., Eugenia aromaticum, Rubus parvifolius L., Reynoutria elliptica, Coptis chinensis, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Rheum undalatum, Paeonia suffruticosa, Oenothera odorata Jacq., Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr., and Nepeta cataria were selected based on spore germination inhibition assay. Further mycelial growth inhibition assay with economical and safety considerations led us to finally select Z. schinifolium (sancho) for control of F. graminearum. To produce antifungal sancho extract, methanol was suitable for extraction and subsequent fractionations of the extract showed that the water residue mainly had antifungal activity. The sancho extract and its fractions showed minor antibacterial activity against different pathogenic or food spoilage bacteria, but they did not show any harmful effects against young tomato plant by treatment of $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ in green chamber test. These results suggested that the extract of sancho has high potentials on control of a powdery mildew fungus, F. graminearum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.16-25
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• 2007

The purpose of the study is to analyse and classify the characteristics of Gongsanseong forest through phytosociological and quadrat method with 20 plot samples. In result, the forest was classified as Quercus acutissima community. The subcommunity was composed of Quercus aliena and Zelkova serrata. The average vegetation coverage of Quercus aliena subcommunity was upper tree layer (83%), lower tree layer (48%), shrub layer (39%), and herb layer (30%), while the average vegetation coverage of Zelkova serrata subcommunity was upper tree layer (76%), lower tree layer (52%), shrub layer (40%), and herb layer (45%). The order of importance value of the forest community with DBH 2cm above plants was Quercus acutissima (72.62), Quercus aliena (40.52), Prunus sargentii (19.81), Styrax japonica (19.39), Zelkova serrata (15.78), Robonia pseudoacacia (14.76), Quercus variabilis (13.83), Sorbus alnifolia (13.71), Platycarya strobilacea (10.74), Pinus densiflora (10.08), and Quercus serrata (9.31). According to breast diameter analysis results, it is expected that the importance value of Prunus sargentii and Zelkova serrata will be continuously increased while Quercus sp. is dominating the forest. With the result of ordination analysis, the relationship between the forest community and environmental factors could be affected by soil nutrition, moisture, and elevation etc.