• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.1174-1183
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• 2012

This study, depending on the diversification of the information environment, was carried out to analyze the role of visual cues and the relationship between visual information structure in the process of user's visual immersion and recognition. Thus, we design evaluation model which used scientific instruments and subjective evaluation taking into account the latest graphical user trends, and analyze the data of immersion and recognition of the user experience that acquired through the process more systematic experimental procedure. Based on this, in the future, this study will be able to contribute implement the latest broadly applicable to the device of graphical information user basic design model and a standard evaluation model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2023

Purpose: The study aimed to identify factors that affect college students' learning immersion in non-face-to-face remote classes. Methods: During COVID-19, a survey was conducted on 140 college students who were taking non-face-to-face remote courses at universities located in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Chungcheong-do, Korea. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficients, Independent t-test, ANOVA, and Hierarchial stepwise multiple regression with SPSS (Windows version 27.0). Results: In the study, the most important variable influencing learning immersion was the student's self-efficacy, followed by instructor presence, class participation, lecture satisfaction, and credits. Conclusion: Instructors who teach major courses at college need to develop and apply ways to enhance learners' self-efficacy and class content that can boost learners' motivation in order to maximize learners' learning immersion. In order to facilitate learners' access to online media and maintain their interest in remote classes, passionate efforts need to be made by active instructors.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.83-105
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of investment fund attributes such as fund product characteristics, returns on fund investment (ROI), internal controls, and after service on fund investor behavior based on investment information technology. In addition, we also examined how customers reinvest through emotional immersion, company trust and company satisfaction of investment firms in the context of fund investment. First, empirical results show that fund product characteristics, returns on fund investment, and financial firms' internal controls and after service act as signals to fund investors to shape their reinvestment intentions. Second, while investors are generally perceived to be interested only in investment returns, this study also shows that they consider both fund product characteristics and fund investment returns, which are core attributes of funds, as well as financial firms' internal control and after service, which are non-core attributes. Third, we find that company trust is an important factor in investors' reinvestment intentions, showing that investors are more likely to reinvest in a fund if they perceive the financial firm to be trustworthy and reliable. Finally, these findings emphasize that investors consider not only tangible aspects of fund products, such as fund product characteristics and returns on fund investment, but also intangible factors, such as financial firms' internal control and after service, and trustworthiness. Taken together, another implication is that the more advanced the investment information technology of financial firms, the more trust, satisfaction, immersion, and reinvestment intentions of investors will increase.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.4 s.81
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• pp.475-481
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral environment on the strength of resin bracket wings by comparing fracture mode according to water immersion and thermocycling. Seventy-five resin brackets(Spirit MB, Ormco, California) were divided into three groups and treated for six months as follows; (1) untreated, (2) water immersion in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$, (3) water immersion in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ with total 2,100 times of thermocycling taken 350 times each month. Fracture mode of the wing was tested on universal testing machine. In addition to resin brackets, 25 metal brackets were used as controls. Through the statistical analyses, following results were obtained. 1. Resin bracket wings showed significantly lower fracture strength than metal brackets(p<0.001). 2. Water immersion and water immersion with thermocycling groups showed significantly lower fracture strength than open air condition group(p<0.001). 3. Water immersion with thermocycling group showed significantly lower fracture strength than water immersion group(p<0.001). The above results suggest that the mechanical property of resin bracket wing nay be influenced by oral environment and further research is needed to improve the strength of the wing in the resin bracket.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.889-901
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• 2021

The tension of cables and motion response significantly affect safety of an immersed tunnel element in the immersion process. To investigate those, a hydrodynamic scale-model test was carried out and the model experiments was conducted under wind, current and wave loads simultaneously. The immersion standby (the process that the position of the immersed tunnel element should be located before the immersion process) and immersion process conditions have been conducted and illustrated. At the immersion standby conditions, the maximum force of the cables and motion is much larger at the side of incoming wind, wave and current, the maximum force of Element-6 (6 cables directly tie on the element) is larger than for Pontoon-8 (8 cables tie on pontoon of the element), and the flexible connection can reduce the maximum force of the mooring cables and motion of element (i.e. sway is expecting to decrease approximate 40%). The maximum force of the mooring cables increases with the increase of current speed, wave height, and water depth. The motion of immersed tunnel element increases with increase of wave height and water depth, and the current speed had little effect on it. At the immersion process condition, the maximum force of the cables decrease with the increase of immersion depth, and dramatically increase with the increase of wave height (i.e. the tension of cable F4 of pontoons at wave height of 1.5 m (83.3t) is approximately four times that at wave height of 0.8 m). The current speed has no much effect on the maximum force of the cables. The weight has little effect on the maximum force of the mooring cables, and the maximum force of hoisting cables increase with the increase of weight. The maximum value of six-freedom motion amplitude of the immersed tunnel element decreases with the increase of immersion depth, increase with the increase of current speed and wave height (i.e. the roll motion at wave height of 1.5 m is two times that at wave height of 0.8 m). The weight has little effect on the maximum motion amplitude of the immersed tunnel element. The results are significant for the immersion safety of element in engineering practical construction process.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.761-772
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to help a recovery of fatigue through the effect of cold immersion treatment after rowing ergometer on blood fatigue substance, MDA and SOD in rowing athletes. For this, 10 subjects participated in this study and we divided them into cold water immersion group (CWI, n=10), non-cold immersion group (NCI, n=10). The exercise program was performed to 2000 m rowing ergometer for maintaining high intensity. The data was collected with regard to the interaction effect of the group and time among the CWI and NCI, ANOVA was used. As the post-hoc test, Bonferroni test was used. The significance was set at .05 and the following conclusions were deduced. For lactic acid, there were the main effect of time (p<.001) and significant difference in the both group (p<.001). Also, LDH were significant difference in the each group (p<.05). For MDA, there were the interaction between group and time (p<.05) and the main effect of group (p<.05) and time (p<.001). SOD were indicated main effect of group and time (p<.05), there was significant difference between each group in the after 30 min recovery (p<.05). Collectively, The results of this study suggest that positive effect on blood fatigue substances, reactive oxygen species and anti-oxidation enzyme through cold water immersion intervention. Therefore, we strongly recommend that performing the cold immersion intervention would be beneficial after high intervention exercise.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.473-482
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• 2005

We think that the class homepage can be solution for the problems in the cyber space or on-line community because students can practice activities in the on-line community, communicate with teachers or colleague, exchange opinions with parents and use it for learning. However, students would lose interest easily in the existing class homepage for lack of its immersion elements as compared with the commercial on-line communities. The class homepage needs to have immersion elements to reach its purpose. It is one of the solutions to use the avatars. Therefore, we studied on the influence of the avatars as the immersion of the elementary class homepage and the students cyber-self. As a result, we knew that the avatars can act enough as immersion element to achieve construction purpose of the class homepage and that use avatar helps in affirmative cyber self formation of elementary students.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1581-1590
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• 2016

In order to reduce the risk of death from hypothermia for the fishing vessel's crew at sea, this paper suggests that the criteria of equipment of fishing vessels should be revised for fishing vessels engaged in coastal and inshore fisheries to be equipped with the immersion suit. The criteria of equipment of fishing vessels for immersion suits was amended to reflect the sinking of No.501 Oryongho but it was only reflected in ocean fisheries at Bering sea and Antarctic ocean that immersion suits must be provided with the same number of the total number of crew on board. Therefore, this paper analyses the relationship between maritime accident of fishing vessels and weather condition based on sea water temperature to find out the risk of hypothermia and also compares the international conventions(SFV Protocol 1993, Cape Town Agreement 2012, STCW-F 1995 and SOLAS 1974) and domestic law concerning criteria of equipment of fishing vessels. As a result, fishing vessels engaged in coastal and inshore fisheries are exposed to the risk of hypothermia when they are in distress and the criteria of equipment of fishing vessels should be amended to provide the immersion suits in accordance with the revision trend of international conventions.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2008

The effect of alkaline environmental condition on durability of GFRP composites according to additives was investigated. Additives used were polyvinyl alcohol(PVA), kaolin and alumina powder. Weight gains increased with immersion time in all GFRP composites at $80^{\circ}C$. But weight gain of specimen added PVA did not differ through the wlwle immersion time in both tap water and alkaline solution at 20 and $80^{\circ}C$. Tensile strength decreased with immersion time in all environment conditions. Tensile strength of GFRP composites regardless of additives decreased rapidly up to 5 days of immersion and then decreased slowly up to 30 days in alkaline solution environment at $80^{\circ}C$. Weight gains had not. much difference in both tap water and alkaline solution at $20^{\circ}C$. And weight gain of GFRP composites added polyvinyl alcohol had smaller than the others through the whole immersion time in both tap water and alkaline solution at $20^{\circ}C$ and $80^{\circ}C$. Tensile strength of GFRP composites added polyvinyl alcohol had higher than the others through the whole immersion time in both tap water and alkaline solution at $20^{\circ}C$ and $80^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.247-257
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• 2021

This study was started to investigate why autoclave curing (AC) specimen showed an improvement in compressive strength after immersion in water for a long time, although AC specimen did not showed a high initial compressive strength unlike our expectations. Distilled water and alkaline solutions were used for immersion and three different curing methods were engaged. It was expected that the compressive strength would be improved after immersion in alkaline solutions; however, there was little difference in compressive strength after 21 day immersion because both new crystallites produced by additional geopolymerization and expansion caused by the alkaline aggregate reaction may prevent the additional improvement in compressive strength. It was concluded that in order to secure the long-term commonality and underwater stability of the geopolymers, it is desirable aging geopolymers while immersing it underwater for more than 21 days after curing using an autoclave.