• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.23-41
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• 2006

The present paper aims to examine the Influences of on line word of mouth(WOM) information valence and information contents to the information searcher. Specially, to examine the interaction effect it's two variables. For that purpose, we categorize WOM information valence into two subcategories; positive and negative, and WOM content into two subcategories; objective evaluation and subjective evaluation. We conducted experimentation design 2*2 and subjects are asked to their attitude and purchase intention after they are exposed each of four different types of WOM information. The result can be summarized as follow; First, the negative WOM has stronger effect on consumer's attitude and purchase intention than positive. Second, factual WOM has stronger effect on consumer's attitude and purchase intention than subject. Finally, when consumer face negative WOM, subjective WOM has more effect on consumer's attitude and purchase intention than factual. On the contrary, when consumer face positive WOM, factual WOM has more effect on consumer's attitude and purchase intention than subject. In conclusion, the korean Foreign Trade Act and other relative acts should be revised, and both educational services and health services should be contained within the definition of "the international trade" for the governmental benefits of supporting the services exportation.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.109-121
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• 2018

Background & objectives: Life style modification reduces the health risks of young people and improves their health status. Physical activity is known the effective factor to reduce health risks and health problems. This study performed to analyze health promotion behaviors related to physical activity among first-year students of university. Methods: To examine the association with physical activity and health promotion practices, health survey was conducted with 3,806 students who were first-year students in a university by self-reported questionnaire from February 26 to March 10, 2015. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the difference of health promotion behaviors by physical activities. Results: 51.4% of the first-year student was regular exercisers who had practiced on regular walking exercise or regular strength exercise or regular aerobic exercise for a week. 87.8% of students exercised one or more times within the last one week. On the other hand, 12.2% of them did not exercise. In multiple logistic regression models, it remained significantly the difference of regular exercise by gender, subjective health status, sleeping time per one day, BMI, drinking behavior, and eating habit (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Also it remained significantly the difference by physical activity type, such as walking, strengthen, and aerobic exercise (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Conclusion: To help the achievement of academic goal, it should build physical activity policies and comprehensive health promotion programs to reduce health risk factors of university students. Comprehensive university health services and customized program for university students could help to make the best of their health. In future, to enhance physical activity practice, it needs to develop various tailed messages and smart healthcare service using health information technology (IT) on campus.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.213-234
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• 2003

The purposes of this study which was done by questionnaire survey and case study of First Aid Certification Program in Seoul Health College were to analyze results and effects of the college financial support program from Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development. The significant 164 data were collected from 300 professors in 8 colleges having the Department of Emergency Care from Oct. 1, 2002 to Dec. 31, 2002 and analyzed using SPSS in terms of t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and so on. The conclusions and suggestions from this study were summarized as follows; (1) Degree of acknowledgement about aims, contents, results of the college financial support program was above the middle(participants 4.21, non-participants 3.63) and higher relation than the others in case of participants(r:0.32 p<0.001), planning team(r:0.22 p<0.05). (2) Degree of acknowledgement about improvement of curriculum & educational facilities through the program was above the middle and higher relation than the others in case of participants. (3) Degree of acknowledgement about positive influence on acquirement rate of certification(licence) & job through the program was above the middle and performance & adaptation at work place was higher relation than the others in case of participants. (4) Degree of acknowledgement about positive influence on improvement of learning of student's major through the program was above the middle and higher relation than the others in case of participants. (5) The respondents thought that the program had a negative influence on professor's educational activities & research such as study 40.4%, lecture 23.1%, student guidance 12.5%. (6) When the program was administered by planning team, there were difficulties such as execution of budget 42.1%, cooperation with companies 17.1%, cooperation among program teams 11.8%, when it was administered by non-planning team there were difficulties such as execution of budget 45.5%, cooperation among departments 22.7%, cooperation with companies 13.6%. (7) Because it was too short to execute the budget, the ministry have to select proposed programs before the next school year. (8) This program should be changed temporary, insufficient support into consecutive, sufficient support for more characterization & specialization of the college which has a long-term developmental plan & vision.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.43-53
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• 1998

The National Health Promotion Law passed in 1995 was a milestone for initiating a national health promotion program in Korea, and government officers and health professionals are working on how to approach health promotion issues. The purpose of this study was to analyse methods and use of constructivist paradigm in health promotion and education. The health promotion area needs community empowerment, building community partnerships, and community capacity. To meet these health promotion requirements health promotion workforce should be trained through professional preparation programs that contains communication skills, group process skills, and management of programs in advanced countries such as the United States and Australia. Skills and responsibilities of those who are in charge of providing health promotion services have not yet been clearly defined in Korea because the area of health promotion is a multi-academic field, and needs a different approach, constructivist approach. Constructivist paradigm requires relativism, reasoning skills, collaborating, and motivation. These components are needed for community empowerment. Constructivism also has been applied to the field of education. Problem-based education, outcome-based education, performance-based education came from the constructivism. These educational methods are student-centered method. As the modernizing society becomes more complicated, traditional or conventional teacher-centered education cannot meet the needs of students. Students need to learn skills necessary to make healthy decisions with individual value system. So these interactive, self-learning methods can serve much more to the learner. Constructivist educational methods can be applied to educational programs in computers, too. To expand and differentiate the area of health education and health promotion from other health related fields, it is crucial to devote efforts in application and development of constructivist methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to identify the types and characteristics of health problems of middle school students in Gangwondo. Methods: The subjects of the study were 11 middle schools from 47 schools with nurse teachers in Gangwondo. The anecdotal records of the school health clinics were collected from March to December in 1998 with the agreement of nurse teachers of the schools. Results: 71.0% of the middle students visited the school health care clinics once or more than once. The mean frequency of health problems was 2.03 times per one year. The rate of health problems did not show any statistical differences by sex, school location, age, the day of the week and weather. However, there were statistical differences of the rate by month. The highest rate was showed in September, followed by June and April (F=2.52, p=0.01). Health problems were classified into 11 types. Gastrointestinal illness showed the largest proportion (60.6%). The oral illness showed statistical differences among the location of school, between municipal and rural area (t=-2.97, p=0.016). There were 411 types of signs and symptoms recorded. Among them, headache was showed the highest proportion with 2,122 cases (11.2%). Conclusion : The incidence rate of health problems was higher than that of earlier studies. It showed that the incidence rates and the types of diseasps in middle school students were different by school locations, characteristics of students, and months. To improve the qualities of primary cares in school health services, the reformed and unified anecdotal record system and the standardized guidelines for primary care are necessary.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.23
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• pp.10071-10077
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• 2015

Background: Cervical cancer has become a major public health problem worldwide. Iran, like other developing countries, is facing a number of challenges in managing the disease. This qualitative study documents challenges encountered in cervical cancer preventing programs in Iran. Materials and Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 28 participants including eleven patients with cervical cancer, three gynecologic oncologists, five specialists in Obstetrics and Gynecology, five midwives, three health care managers and one epidemiologist in Mashhad Iran, between May and December of 2012. The sample was selected purposively until data saturation was achieved. Data credibility verified via allocated sufficient time for data collection, using member checking and peer debriefing. Data analysis was carried out using conventional content analysis approach with ATLAS. ti software. Results: Findings from data analysis demonstrated 2 major themes and 6 categories about challenges of providing cervical cancer prevention programs including: individual and social challenges (cognitive/behavioral challenges and socio/cultural challenges) and health system challenges (stewardship, financing, competency of health care providers and access to services). Each category included some subcategories. Conclusions: Managing the cervical cancer prevention programs need to include the consideration of individuals, health care providers and health system challenges. Addressing the low level of knowledge, negative attitudes, socio cultural challenges, Poor intersectional collaboration and coordination and intra-sectional management, financing and competency of health care providers are essential steps toward significantly reducing the burdens of cervical cancer.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.171-180
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to understand the experiences of nursing students in clinical practice at a public health center through their self- reflections. Subjects : The 110 students in the 3rd year, practice at two public health centers in city P and city K. From the110, 53 male and female university students who practice in city K were selected to participate : 11males (20.8 %) and 42 females (79.2 %). Methods : The data analyzed were the self-reflections regarding the clinical practice. Results : These data indicate that : most of the participants now believe that public health centers provide many more services to the community than they previously knew about. They rate the public health center's programs highly, and want to be community health nurses. For the first time, they realize that the work of public health nurses is very important. In particular they note that their emotions while at the public health center differ significantly from when they work at the other. The environment in the public health center makes them feel more comfortable and less stressed. Generally, they are satisfied with their practice at the public health center. Conclusion : On the basis of these findings, the following recommendations can be made. Experience at public health centers is an important part of nursing students' education. I suggest that research on nursing students' experiences while practicing at the public health center should expand to include research methods other than the analysis of their reflection journals, In addition a follow-up study of experiences while practicing at the public health center should be attempted of self-reflections.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral health education on adolescents. Methods: The subjects were middle school students in a health promoting school in Gunpo, Gyeonggi Province. Before giving the students oral health instruction, their modified Patient Hygiene Performance index (PHP index) was measured using disclosing solution. Then, the students were taught the right way to brush teeth (Rolling method) and use oral hygiene devices such as dental floss, tongue cleaner and interdental brush. Their modified PHP index was re-measured three days after and seven days after the education to evaluate the effect and persistency of oral health education. of the total 116 students, 48 students who completely filled out the questionnaire and participated in the whole process, photo shooting and three times of PHP index measurement, were included in the final analysis. Results: The students' modified PHP index significantly decreased three days after the education. However, the index slightly went back up seven days after the oral health education. Conclusion: Oral health education was effective in reducing dental plaque which remained after brushing. Continuous education about and constant motivation for oral hygiene turned out to be critical to maintain the impact of oral health education. Therefore, it is necessary to develop educational contents which can constantly motivate teenagers.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.21-38
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• 2008

Objective: This study examined the use of mental health helping systems among college students in Korea. A behavioral model of health service utilization was applied to examine factors influencing different types of helping systems. Methods: A total of 454 college students from four universities participated in the survey. A self-administered questionnaire measuring help-seeking behaviors including formal health and mental health services, informal helping system, peer group, and family support was used. Results: Respondents frequently turn to family members and peer group when in need, and age, sex, mental Health status, and attitude and knowledge on mental illness were significant factors affecting help-seeking behaviors of Korean students. While older students and those with more severe symptoms were more likely to seek help from formal resources, students with more severe symptoms were less likely to seek help from informal resources. Male students and those with negative attitude toward mental illness were less likely to ask peer groups for help. Conclusions: Study results indicate that informal resources and peer groups can be significant sources of social support for individuals in their late adolescence and young adulthood, however, their role as gateways to professional help is limited. Student counseling centers should take on a more active role in reaching out; implications for developing peer leaders as counselors and self-help groups are discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to assess defibrillator pad positioning by the general public and healthcare providers during basic life support (BLS) renewal education (RE). Methods: A total 130 subjects performed defibrillation using an automated external defibrillator (AED) equipped with electrode pads developed by the researchers and male resuscitation manikins, in order to assess electrode pad placement (EPP) before BLS RE. Subjects included 54 Healthcare providers (HP) and 76 members of the general public (GP). Results: The apex EPP was positioned in the risk area (RA), more than 5 cm distant from the area recommended, by 63.2% of the GP (n = 48). The apex EPP was positioned in the RA by 44.4% of the HP (n = 23). The distance from the apex (GP $5.27{\pm}2.21cm$, HP $4.18{\pm}1.71cm$) was statistically significant, using Student's t-test. Conclusion: For both GP and HP, apex EPP was significantly in error. Thus, to prevent defibrillation failures, EPP education and practice for GP and HP in all BLS education programs should be improved, and incorrect Korean cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines and related literature should be revised and corrected.