• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1994년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.171-180
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• 1994

Full scale structural test of 765kv electric transmission tower was performed to measure the stresses and displacement of towers under the design loadings, and the results were compared with analytical results based on three dimensional frame analysis. Also, the actual ultimate strength of the tower was measured through destructive test. Especially, to predict the behavior and failure of the connection of tubular member, finite element analysis was performed and compression test for the segments of tubular member were carried out. Valuable information for the overall and local behavior of the tower was obtained and reliability of current analytical method was confirmed.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.217-241
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• 2008

In this paper, a total strain-based hysteretic material model based on MCFT is proposed for non-linear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete structures. Although many concrete models have been proposed for simulating behavior of structures under cyclic loading conditions, accurate simulations remain challenging due to uncertainties in materials, pitfalls of crude assumptions of existing models, and limited understanding of failure mechanisms. The proposed model is equipped with a fully generalized hysteresis rule and is formulated for 2D plane stress non-linear finite element analysis. The proposed model has been formulated in a tangent stiffness-based finite element scheme so that it can be used for most general finite element analysis packages. Moreover, it eliminates the need to check that tensile stresses can be transmitted across a crack. The tension stiffening model is a function of the bar orientation and any orientation can be accommodated. The proposed model has been verified with a series of experimental results of 2D RC planar panels. This study also demonstrates how parameters of the proposed model associated with cyclic damage modeling influences the pinched cyclic shear behavior.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.917-938
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• 2015

The nonlinear numerical analysis of the impact response of reinforced concrete/mortar beam incorporated with the updated Lagrangian method, namely the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is carried out in this study. The analysis includes the simulation of the effects of high mass low velocity impact load falling on beam structures. Three material models to describe the localized failure of structural elements are: (1) linear pressure-sensitive yield criteria (Drucker-Prager type) in the pre-peak regime for the concrete/mortar meanwhile, the shear strain energy criterion (Von Mises) is applied for the steel reinforcement (2) nonlinear hardening law by means of modified linear Drucker-Prager envelope by employing the plane cap surface to simulate the irreversible plastic behavior of concrete/mortar (3) implementation of linear and nonlinear softening in tension and compression regions, respectively, to express the complex behavior of concrete material during short time loading condition. Validation upon existing experimental test results is conducted, from which the impact behavior of concrete beams are best described using the SPH model adopting an average velocity and erosion algorithm, where instability in terms of numerical fragmentation is reduced considerably.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.1267-1281
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• 2015

Carbon steel plate girders have been used on a large scale in the building industry. Nowadays, Lean Duplex Stainless Steel (LDSS) plate girders are gaining popularity as they possess greater strength and are more impervious to corrosion than those that are constructed from carbon steel. Regardless of their popularity, there is very limited information with regards to their shear behavior. In this paper, the non-linear finite element analysis was employed to investigate the shear behavior of LDSS plate girders. Parameters considered were the web thickness, the flange width, and the girders aspect ratio. The analysis revealed that although the shear behavior of the LDSS girders was no different from that of carbon steel plate girders, it had obviously been affected by the non-linearity of the material. Furthermore, the selected parameters were found to pronounce effect on the shear capacity of the LDSS girders. That is, the shear capacity increased considerably with web thickness, and increased slightly with flange width. However, it was reduced as the aspect ratio increased. Comparisons between the finite element analysis failure loads and those predicted by the current European Code of Practice revealed that the latter underestimated the shear strength of the LDSS plate girders.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호통권36호
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• pp.383-391
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• 1998

프리캐스트 세그먼트의 가설 장비인 런칭트러스는 다른 일반적인 트러스 구조물과는 달리 사재와 상현재, 사재와 하현재간의 연결이 완전한 핀구조로 이루어져 있다. 이러한 런칭트러스의 실거동 파악을 위한 현장측정을 실시한 결과, 측정응력과 계산응력의 상당한 차이가 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 측정치를 바탕으로 런칭트러스의 연결부의 특성에 따른 거동상태를 고려하여 분석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 핀연결부의 비정상적인 거동에 의하여 실제 런칭트러스는 시공단계에 따라 해석적으로 평가되는 정상적 거동과 상당히 차이가 나는 거동이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 정상 거동상태에서의 런칭트러스의 안전성 평가를 위하여 실제 런칭트러스를 이용한 교량 가설시에 적용되는 Balanced Cantilever 공법에 있어 주요 가설 단계를 조합하여 각부재의 사하중과 활하중의 조합에 의한 최대 응력을 분석한 결과 Balanced Cantilever 공법에 의하여 인장응력과 압축응력의 상호 상쇄 작용으로 오히려 1개의 세그먼트를 가설하는 경우보다 낮은 응력이 분석되었으며, 발생 최대응력을 허용응력과 비교한 결과, 해석적으로 런칭트러스는 충분한 구조 안전성을 확보하는 것으로 판단된다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2017

Evaluation on the sidesway seismic collapse capacity of the widely used low- and medium-height structures is meaningful. These structures with such type of collapse are recognized that behave as inelastic deteriorating single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems. To incorporate the deteriorating effects, the hysteretic loop of the nonlinear SDOF structural model is represented by a tri-linear force-displacement relationship. The concept of collapse capacity spectra are adopted, where the incremental dynamic analysis is performed to check the collapse point and a normalized ground motion intensity measure corresponding to the collapse point is used to define the collapse capacity. With a large amount of earthquake ground motions, a systematic parameter study, i.e., the influences of various ground motion parameters (site condition, magnitude, distance to rupture, and near-fault effect) as well as various structural parameters (damping, ductility, degrading stiffness, pinching behavior, accumulated damage, unloading stiffness, and P-delta effect) on the structural collapse capacity has been performed. The analytical formulas for the collapse capacity spectra considering above influences have been presented so as to quickly predict the structural collapse capacities.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.906-913
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• 2006

The failure mechanism of a hollow bridge deck which is made of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) is investigated using both experiments and analysis. While the load-displacement behavior of the deck in the transverse direction shows a strong nonlinearity even in its initial response with relatively small magnitude of loads. In order to imporve the structural behavior of the deck in the transverse direction, we suggested that the empty space of the bridge deck is filled with a foam and investigated experimentally the static behavior of the orthotropic bridge deck which is made from GFRP and polyurethane foam. It is found that although the elastic modulus of the foam compared to that of the GFRP is about the order of $10^{-3}$, the structural behaviors in the weak axis such as nominal strength, stiffness, etc. are greatly improved. Owing to the low mass density of the foam used in this study, the bridge deck is still light enough with the improved structural properties.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.73-93
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• 2012

With an active structural involvement in spiral case structure (SCS) that is always the design and research focus of hydroelectric power plant (HPP), the compressible membrane sandwiched between steel spiral case and surrounding reinforced concrete was often assumed to be linear elastic material in conventional design analysis of SCS. Unfortunately considerable previous studies have proved that the foam material serving as membrane exhibits essentially nonlinear mechanical behavior. In order to clarify the effect of membrane (foam) material's nonlinear stress-strain behavior on SCS, this work performed a case study on SCS with a compressible membrane using the ABAQUS code after a sound calibration of the employed constitutive model describing foam material. In view of the successful capture of fitted stress-strain curve of test by the FEM program, we recommend an application and dissemination of the simulation technique employed in this work for membrane material description to structural designers of SCS. Even more important, the case study argues that taking into account the nonlinear stress-strain response of membrane material in loading process is definitely essential. However, we hold it unnecessary to consider the membrane material's hysteresis and additionally, employment of nonlinear elastic model for membrane material description is adequate to the structural design of SCS. Understanding and accepting these concepts will help to analyze and predict the structural performance of SCS more accurately in design effort.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1305-1322
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• 2016

This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical model analyses on partially encased composite columns under concentric loads. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of replacing the conventional longitudinal and transverse steel bars by welded wire mesh on the structural behavior of these members under concentric loads. To achieve these goals experimental tests on four specimens of partially encased composite columns submitted to axial loading were performed and the results were promising in terms of replacing the traditional reinforcement by steel meshes. In addition, a numerical FE model was developed using the software DIANA$^{(R)}$ with FX+. The experimental results were used to validate the numerical model. Satisfactory agreement between experimental and numerical results was observed in both capacity and deformability of the composite columns. Despite of the simplifying assumptions of perfect bond between steel and concrete, the numerical model adequately represented the columns behavior. A finite element parametric study was performed and parameters including thickness of the steel profile and the concrete and steel strengths were evaluated. The parametrical study results found no significant changes in the partially encased columns behavior due to variations of the steel profile thickness or yield strength. However, significant changes in the post peak behavior were observed when using high strength concrete and these results suggest a change in the failure mode.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 총 10가지 다양한 컨테이너 활하중 분포에 따른 콘크리트 부유식 컨테이너 터미널 하부슬래브의 휨응력분포와 변위분포를 비교분석하였다. 또한, 대상구조물의 구조성능과 거동을 수치해석적으로 검토하였다. 활하중 분포에 따른 구조성능 검토결과 3가지 하중분포 (A, B, D-type)는 인장거동을 보이며, 그 외의 7가지 하중분포 (C, E, F, G, H, I, J-type)에서는 압축거동을 나타내었다. 특히, D, F-type에서는 과도한 압축응력이 발생하였으며, 부력 프리플랙션 제어를 통하여 압축응력을 저감할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 활하중 분포에 따른 구조거동 검토결과 B, E, F, I-type에 대한 부유구조체의 기울기가 메가플로트 기준을 초과하였으며, 이와 같은 하중분포는 컨테이너 적하 시에 회피해야 될 것으로 판단된다. 종합적으로, 부유식 컨테이너 터미널에 관련된 기준 및 연구가 많지 않은 현실을 감안할 때, 본 연구는 컨테이너 터미널의 구조성능 및 거동을 검토를 위한 초석이 될 것이며, 사용 가이드라인으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.