• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2024

The prediction of VIV amplitude is essential for the design and fatigue life estimation of steel tubes in tubular transmission towers. Limited to costly and time-consuming traditional experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, a machine learning (ML)-based method is proposed to efficiently predict the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers. Firstly, by introducing the first-order mode shape to the two-dimensional CFD method, a simplified response analysis method (SRAM) is presented to calculate the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers, which enables to build a dataset for training ML models. Then, by taking mass ratio M^*, damping ratio ξ, and reduced velocity U^* as the input variables, a Kriging-based prediction method (KPM) is further proposed to estimate the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers by combining the SRAM with the Kriging-based ML model. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods are demonstrated by using three full-scale steel tubes with C-shaped, Cross-shaped, and Flange-plate joints, respectively. The results show that the SRAM can reasonably calculate the VIV amplitude, in which the relative errors of VIV maximum amplitude in three examples are less than 6%. Meanwhile, the KPM can well predict the VIV amplitude of steel tubes in transmission towers within the studied range of M^*, ξ and U^*. Particularly, the KPM presents an excellent capability in estimating the VIV maximum amplitude by using the reduced damping parameter S_G.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.345-372
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• 2021

The analysis of nonlinear vibrations, buckling, post-buckling, flutter boundary determination and post-flutter behavior of a homogeneous curved plate assuming cylindrical bending is conducted in this article. Other assumptions include simply-supported boundary conditions, supersonic aerodynamic flow at the top of the plate, constant pressure conditions below the plate, non-viscous flow model (using first- and third-order piston theory), nonlinear structural model with large deformations, and application of mechanical and thermal loads on the curved plate. The analysis is performed with constant environmental indicators (flow density, heat, Reynolds number and Mach number). The material properties (i.e., coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity) are temperature-dependent. The equations are derived using the principle of virtual displacement. Furthermore, based on the definitions of virtual work, the potential and kinetic energy of the final relations in the integral form, and the governing nonlinear differential equations are obtained after fractional integration. This problem is solved using two approaches. The frequency analysis and flutter are studied in the first approach by transferring the handle of ordinary differential equations to the state space, calculating the system Jacobin matrix and analyzing the eigenvalue to determine the instability conditions. The second approach discusses the nonlinear frequency analysis and nonlinear flutter using the semi-analytical solution of governing differential equations based on the weighted residual method. The partial differential equations are converted to ordinary differential equations, after which they are solved based on the Runge-Kutta fourth- and fifth-order methods. The comparison between the results of frequency and flutter analysis of curved plate is linearly and nonlinearly performed for the first time. The results show that the plate curvature has a profound impact on the instability boundary of the plate under supersonic aerodynamic loading. The flutter boundary decreases with growing thermal load and increases with growing curvature.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.347-362
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• 2019

도심지 터널 공사가 많아지면서 이에 따른 소음, 진동, 교통불편 및 민원 저감을 위해 TBM 굴착이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 추세에도 불구하고 국내 TBM 공동구 설계 및 시공을 위한 기준들은 대부분 해외기술(일본, 독일 등)을 이용하고 있어 국내환경을 고려하지 못하고 있다. 특히, 공동구 TBM 설계의 주요 기준이 되는 굴진율은 대부분 일축압축강도만으로 산정되며 이마저도 실제 현장 특성과 맞지 않아 개선이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 국내 현장에 적합한 굴진율을 예측하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 시공 중인 소단면 쉴드 TBM 굴착 현장의 지반 및 굴진데이터를 수집하고 상관관계 분석을 통해 굴진율에 영향을 미치는 주요인자를 파악하였다. 도출된 영향인자들은 통계적 분석기법을 기반으로 한 다중선형 회귀분석에 적용되어 굴진율을 예측하는 회귀식의 예측변수로 이용되었다. 결과적으로 회귀분석을 통해 도출된 회귀식은 일축압축강도와 절리간격을 예측변수로 추정되었으며, 해외 경험식과 비교하여 국내현장 굴진율의 예측 정확도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 이 회귀식을 타 국내 현장에 적용할 경우 예측오차가 다소 증가하였다. 회귀식이 갖는 이와 같은 적용 한계를 개선하기 위해서는 추가적인 연구를 통해 현장조건에 제약을 받지 않는 굴진율 예측모델 도출이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2018

This paper presents an analysis of the bending, buckling and free vibration of functionally graded sandwich beams resting on elastic foundation by using a refined quasi-3D theory in which both shear deformation and thickness stretching effects are included. The displacement field contains only three unknowns, which is less than the number of parameters of many other shear deformation theories. In order to homogenize the micromechanical properties of the FGM sandwich beam, the material properties are derived on the basis of several micromechanical models such as Tamura, Voigt, Reuss and many others. The principle of virtual works is used to obtain the equilibrium equations. The elastic foundation is modeled using the Pasternak mathematical model. The governing equations are obtained through the Hamilton's principle and then are solved via Navier solution for the simply supported beam. The accuracy of the proposed theory can be noticed by comparing it with other 3D solution available in the literature. A detailed parametric study is presented to show the influence of the micromechanical models on the general behavior of FG sandwich beams on elastic foundation.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.443-448
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• 2016

A novel Permanent Magnet based Magneto Rheological (PM-MR) damper is proposed in this paper. The principle of proposed MR damper is achieved by designing a linearly varying magnetization area with-respect to the movable permanent magnetic based piston setup. Nowadays, commercially available MR damper uses electromagnetic coils for generating the variable magnetic fields corresponding to the variable damping force. The amount of magnetic field produced by the electromagnetic coils are depends on the biasing current of voltage source. The key enabling concept of the proposed MR damper is to replace the electromagnetic coils and the voltage sources by utilizing the variable area based permanent magnetic piston setup. The proposed unique design structure of PM-MR damper has an increasing shear mode damping force with the piston movement in both jounce and rebound motion. In this research, analytical model of the proposed structure is derived and the structural design of proposed concept is verified using numerical CAD tool. As a result, the damping force is increase when piston movement in both jounce and rebound motion.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.211-228
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• 2013

The structure analyzed in this paper has particular building style and special structural system. It is a rigid-connected twin-tower skyscraper with asymmetrical distribution of stiffness and masses in two towers. Because of the different stiffness between the north and the south towers, the torsion seismic vibration is significant. In this paper, in order to study the seismic response of the structure under both frequent low-intensity earthquakes as well as rare earthquakes at the levels of intensity 7, the analysis model is built and analyzed with NosaCAD. NosaCAD is an nonlinear structure analysis software based on second-development of AutoCAD with ObjectARX. It has convenient modeling function, high computational efficiency and diversity post-processing functions. The deformations, forces and damages of the structure are investigated based on the analysis. According to the analysis, there is no damage on the structure under frequent earthquakes, and the structure has sufficient capacity and ductility to resist rare earthquakes. Therefore the structure can reach the goal of no damage under frequent earthquakes and no collapse under rare earthquakes. The deformation of the structure is below the limit in Chinese code. The time sequence and distribution of damages on tubes are reasonable, which can dissipate some dynamic energy. At last, according to forces, load-carrying capacity and damage of elements, there are some suggestions on increasing the reinforcement in the core tube at base and in stiffened stories.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.90-100
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 압전 감지기/작동기를 이용한 복합적층판의 진동제어해석을 위 하여 판요소를 사용한 능률적인 유한요소코드 개발에 있다. 운동방정식은 고전 적층 판이론과 Hamilton의 법칙을 이용하여 유도하며 압전방정식으로부터 전기적-기계적 연 계를 고려한 감지식과 작동식을 구한다.각식들은 유한요소 보간함수에 의하여 절점 변위에 대한 행렬방정식으로 변환된다. 요소마다 하나의 전기적 자유도를 가진 4-절 점 12-자유도 판요소를 사용하여 효율적인 계산을 가능하게 하였다. 압전 감지기/작 동기를 도입함에 있어 하나의 전극에 대해 압전 감지기/작동기는 하나의 감지/작동전 압을 갖는다. 각 요소에 전극번호를 부가함으로써 다양한 형상의 전극을 쉽게 모델 링하였으며 전극의 특성도 충분히 고려하였다. 전기적 하중에 의한 압전보의 변형과 변형에 대한 감지전압에 대한 계산을 수행하여 기존의 연구와 비교함으로써 본 프로그 램의 타당성을 확인하였다. 나아가 여러가지 전극형상에 대한 복합재료 평판의 시간 영역과 주파수영역에서 응답을 계산하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2016

In modern industries, in whichwhere high productivity is one of the most important concerns, machine tools are facing difficulties to satisfy the high high-speed operation, while and at the same time achieve the precision machining. Generally, the vibrations of the structure increase proportionally to the square of the operating speed so that the precision machining is severely damaged with increased speed. which is a must for the high productivity. Therefore, the suppression of the structural vibrations of the machine tools is the a major concern in the machine tool industry in order to achieve the high productivity and the precision machining simultaneously. In this study, the dynamic properties of a machining center structure were analyzed through the experiment and the computer simulations, and furthermore the results from those were compared to confirm the validity of the simulation model. The design alterations were deduced from the analysis and applied to the simulation model to investigate the effects of those alterations to suppress the vibrations of the machine. The result shows that the relatively simple design alterations, without redesigning the main structure of the machine, can suppress the vibrations effectively.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.143-162
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• 2019

Motivated by a simpler and more compact hybrid active tuned mass damper (ATMD) system with wide frequency spacing (i.e., high robustness) but not reducing the effectiveness using the least number of ATMD units, the active tuned tandem mass dampers (ATTMD) have been proposed to attenuate undesirable oscillations of structures under the ground acceleration. Likewise, it is expected that the frequency spacing of the ATTMD is comparable to that of the active multiple tuned mass dampers (AMTMD) or the multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD). In accordance with the mode generalised system in the specific vibration mode being controlled (simply referred herein to as the structure), the closed-form expression of the dimensionless displacement variances has been derived for the structure with the attached ATTMD. The criterion for the optimum searching may then be determined as minimization of the dimensionless displacement variances. Employing the gradient-based optimization technique, the effects of varying key parameters on the performance of the ATTMD have been scrutinized in order to probe into its superiority. Meanwhile, for the purpose of a systematic comparison, the optimum results of two active tuned mass dampers (two ATMDs), two tuned mass dampers (two TMDs) without the linking damper, and the TTMD are included into consideration. Subsequent to work in the frequency domain, a real-time Simulink implementation of dynamic analysis of the structure with the ATTMD under earthquakes is carried out to verify the findings of effectiveness and stroke in the frequency domain. Results clearly show that the findings in the time domain support the ones in the frequency domain. The whole work demonstrates that ATTMD outperforms two ATMDs, two TMDs, and TTMD. Thereinto, a wide frequency spacing feature of the ATTMD is its highlight, thus deeming it a high robustness control device. Furthermore, the ATTMD system only needs the linking dashpot, thus embodying its simplicity.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1339-1344
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• 2010

모달중첩법은 구조물의 진동특성을 고려하여 내구수명을 평가할 수 있는 내구해석 기법이다. 본 논문에서는 모달중첩법과 유사하면서도 다물체 동역학 해석시 모달좌표를 직접 계산하여 전체적인 해석시간을 줄일 수 있는 모달응력 회복법을 이용한 내구해석 기법의 타당성에 대하여 검토하였다. 이를 위해 자동차 부품 중 대표적으로 동특성을 고려해야 하는 토션빔 액슬에 대하여 모달응력 회복법을 이용한 내구해석 및 시험을 실시하였다. 해석결과는 시험결과와 취약위치, 내구수명 등이 양호한 일치 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 모달응력 회복법을 이용한 내구해석 기법은 다양한 구조물의 동특성을 반영한 내구수명 평가에 적용될 수 있을 것이다.