• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2003

Welded joint generally has heterogeneity of strength, material, and fracture toughness and it is important to understand the characteristics of material strength and fracture of welded joint considering heterogeneous effect. Characteristics of strength and fracture of an undermatched joint under dynamic loading was studied by round-bar tension tests and thermal elastic-plastic analyses in this paper. The strength and fracture of the undermatched joints should be evaluated based on the effects of the strain rate and the temperature including temperature rise during the dynamic loading. The differences of fracture characteristics like such as ductile-to-brittle transition behavior are well precisely explained from the stress-strain distribution obtained by numerical analysis.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.55-70
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• 1987

보강토의 이용은 새로운 것이 아니지만, 보강토 재료의 강맥 및 응력-변형특성과 같은 성질에 관한 자료는 충분하지 못한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 표준모래와 보강재사이의 마찰특성과 알루미늄 박판 및 토목섬유로 부강한 건조모래의 강도 및 응력-변형 거동특성을 비교 시험한 결과이다. 또한 보강토 성질을 이용한 토목섬유 보강토 석축의 개발 가능성을 조사하는데 있다 토목섬유에 의하여 상당한 정도의 모래에 대한 응력-변형 거동특성이 개선되었다. 그 결과 토목 섬유 보강토 석축이 개발되었다. 본 연구 결과로 보강토 구조물의 합리적 설계 및 시공방법에 괍한 기초적 자료로 활용이 기대 된다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2000

Tensile strength (stress) of bar splice is important in the research of mechanical behavior of reinforced concrete structures-beam, column etc.- with bar splice. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the flexural behavior - deflection of beam specimens, strain of main bars - of reinforced concrete beam with Lock Joint Coupler. To make a comparative research, reinforced concrete beam specimens with normal deformed bar and lap splice are tested and analyzed. Test results, Comparing a deflection of three types flexural specimens, a flexural specimen with Lock Joint Coupler is 40% greater than the other flexural specimens. At the center of flexural specimen, the strain of main bar(D29) with lock joint coupler is 50% less, and vice versa, at the point of 14cm far from the center of flexural specimen, the strain of main bar(D29) with lock joint coupler is 9% larger than the strain of main bar(D29) which calculated using the classical flexure theory. A discords, between a deflection behavior of the flexural specimens and a strain of the main bar, are caused by the difference of strain between the lock joint coupler and main bar, near the lock joint coupler. So, additional research is need to verify as stated above discords.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.467-484
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• 2023

Despite the significant features of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCCs), including better mechanical, fractural, and durability performance, their high content of cement has restricted their use in the construction industry. Although ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is considered the main supplementary cementitious material, its slow pozzolanic reaction stands against its application. The addition of nano-sized mineral modifiers, including nano-silica (NS), is an alternative to address the drawbacks of using GGBFS. The main object of this empirical and numerical research is to examine the effect of NS on the strain-hardening behavior of cementitious composites; ten mixes were designed, and five levels of NS were considered. This study proposes a new method, using a four-point bending test to assess the use of nano-silica (NS) on the flexural behavior, first cracking strength, fracture energy, and micromechanical parameters including interfacial friction bond strength and maximum bridging stress. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used for monitoring the initiation and propagation of the cracks. In addition, to attain a deep comprehension of fiber/matrix interaction, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was used. It was discovered that using nano-silica (NS) in cementitious materials results in an enhancement in the matrix toughness, which prevents multiple cracking and, therefore, strain-hardening. In addition, adding NS enhanced the interfacial transition zone between matrix and fiber, leading to a higher interfacial friction bond strength, which helps multiple cracking in the composite due to the hydrophobic nature of polypropylene (PP) fibers. The findings of this research provide insight into finding the optimum percent of NS in which both ductility and high tensile strength of the composites would be satisfied. As a concluding remark, a new criterion is proposed, showing that the optimum value of nano-silica is 2%. The findings and proposed method of this study can facilitate the design and utilization of green cementitious composites in structures.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2013

A major difference between high-strength reinforcing steel and conventional steel in concrete is that the service-load steel stress is expected to be greater. Consequently, the service-load steel strains are greater affecting cracking behavior. A parametric study investigating crack widths and patterns in reinforced concrete prisms is presented in order to establish limits to the service-load steel stress and strain. Additionally, based on the results of available flexural tests, crack widths at service load levels were evaluated and found to be within presently accepted limits for highway bridge structures, and were predictable using current AASHTO provisions. A limitation on service-level stresses of $f_s{\leq}414$ MPa (60 ksi) is nonetheless recommended.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2023

This paper presents numerical investigations into the particle crushing effect on the shear properties of gravel under direct shear condition. A novel particle crushing model was developed based on the octahedral shear stress criterion and fragment replacement method. A series of direct shear tests were carried out on unbreakable particles and breakable particles with different strengths. The evolutions of the particle crushing, shear strength, volumetric strain behavior, and contact force fabric during shearing were analyzed. It was observed that the number of crushed particles increased with the increase of the shear displacement and axial pressure and decreased with the particle strength increasing. Moreover, the shear strength and volume dilatancy were obviously decreased with particle crushing. The shear displacement of particles starting to crush was close to that corresponding to the peak shear stress got. Besides, the shear-hardening behavior was obviously affected by the number of crushed particles. A microanalysis showed that due to particle crushing, the contact forces and anisotropy decreased. The mechanism of the particle crushing effect on the shear strength was further clarified in terms of the particle friction and interlock.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.149-160
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• 1999

본 논문은 고강도 콘크리트기둥에 대한 설계방법을 검증하는 연구의 일부로서, 보통강도 및 고강도 콘크리트기둥시편에 대하여 편심하중의 재하실험을 수행하여 파괴거동을 관찰하고 기둥강도를 측정하였다. 기둥시편은 모두 32개로 콘크리트 압축강도, 종방향 철근비, 세장비, 재하편심을 실험의 주요변수로 선정하였다. 콘크리트 압축강도는 356~951 kg/$cm^$ 이며, 종방향철근비는 1.13~5.51 %, 세장비는 19, 40, 61의 3 종류로 하였다. ACI의 직사각형 응력블럭, Ibrahim과 MacGregor의 수정된 직사각형 응력블럭, 사다리꼴 응력 블럭을 이용한 기둥강도해석과 축력-모멘트-곡률해석을 통한 기둥강도해석을 수행하였으며, 실험결과와 비교분석하였다. 현시방서에서 적용하고 있는 직사각형 응력블럭은 철근비가 낮은 고강도 콘크리트기둥에 대하여 비안전측의 축력-모멘트강도를 제공한다. 축력-모멘트-곡률해석을 통한 기둥강도해석시에는 콘크리트 응력-변형률곡선의 최대응력을 결정하는 $k_3$ 값에 따라 정확성 및 안전성이 좌우된다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 재하실험을 통한 기둥의 파괴거동, 압축연단 극한변형률, 응력블럭변수 등을 비교분석하였다.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 2001년도 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.17-20
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• 2001

Stress/strain dependencies of the critical current I$_{c}$ in AgMgNi sheathed multifilamentary Bi(2212) superconducting tapes were evaluated at 77K. The external reinforcement was accomplished by soldering Ag-Mg tapes to single side or both sides of the sample. With the external reinforcement, the strength of tapes increased but I$_{c}$ decreased. The I$_{c}$ degradation characteristic according to the external reinforcement was improved markedly in terms of the stress although it appeared less remarkable on the basis of the strain. Effects of external reinforcement were discussed in a viewpoint of monitoring sensitivity of cracking in superconducting filaments by considering n-value representing the transport behavior of the current, which is closely associated with the location of them relative to the voltage-monitoring region in the tape. tape.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.64-72
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• 1995

A series of cubical triaxial tests with three independent principal stresses was per- formed on Baekma river sand( # 40~100). It was found that the major principal strain at failure remained approximately constant for b values larger than about 0.3 for both the drained and undrained condition, and thereafter increased as b value decreased. The test results showed that the direction of the strain increment at failure form acute angles with the failure surfaces for both the drained and undrained condition. The results were thus not in agreement with the normality condition from classic plasticity theory. Howev- er, it was found that the projections of the plastic strain increment vectors on the octahe- dral plane were perpendicular to the failure surface in that plane. Failure strength in terms of effective stress anlaysis was greatly influenced by the variation of intermediate principal stress and so was failure criterion. The effective stress failure surfaces for both the drained and undrained condition were estimated quite well by use of Lade's failure criterion.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2015

A strain-gradient crystal plasticity constitutive model was developed in order to predict the Hall-Petch behavior of a Ni-base polycrystalline superalloy. The constitutive model involves statistically stored dislocation and geometrically necessary dislocation densities, which were incorporated into the Bailey-Hirsch type flow stress equation with six strength interaction coefficients. A strain-gradient term (called slip-system lattice incompatibility) developed by Acharya was used to calculate the geometrically necessary dislocation density. The description of Kocks-Argon-Ashby type thermally activated strain rate was also used to represent the shear rate of an individual slip system. The constitutive model was implemented in a user material subroutine for crystal plasticity finite element method simulations. The grain size dependence of the flow stress (viz., the Hall-Petch behavior) was predicted for a Ni-base polycrystalline superalloy NIMONIC PE16. Simulation results showed that the present constitutive model fairly reasonably predicts 0.2%-offset yield stresses in a limited range of the grain size.