• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.808-819
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to examine the stressors and coping strategies of school -age children and to explore the relationship between stressful life events and health symptoms and the effects of coping and trait anxiety which is theoretically considered to mediate the relationship between stress and health symptom. The study subjects consisted of 639 elementary school children in the fourth to sixth grade living in Seoul. Of the 639 subjects, 348 were boys and 291 were girls. The mean age was 11.35 (SD=.86). The Feel Bad Scale(FBS), Schoolager's Coping Strategy Inventory(SCSI), Spielberger's Trait Anxiety Scale for Children(STAIC), and Health Symptom Questionnaire (HSQ) were adapted for this study. A pilot study was undertaken to ascertain the reliability and validity of the instruments. The Cronbach alphas of FBS, SCSI, STAIC and HSQ were from .81 to .92. The Researcher and a research assistant visited the school and data were collected in the class using the questionnaire method after an explanation of the purpose and procedures was given to the children. Data collection was done during the period between Nov.25 to Dec.19, 1995. Using the SAS statistical program, percentages, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression were used for data analysis. The result are as follows : 1. The mean score for the FBS was 204.79(range : 48-472) and there was a significant difference according to grade. The most severe stressors perceived by children were parental divorce and death or illness of family members. The most frequently experienced stressful life events were conflict with siblings and being home alone. 2. The mean score for the SCSI was 57.36(range : 9-118) and there was a significant difference according to grade. The most frequently used, and perceived as helpful, coping strategies were distraction and cognitive activities. 3. The mean score for the HSQ were 20.7(range : 0-81) and there were significant differences according to grade and sex. The percentage of the children answering that they perceived their health state as not good was 3.9%. 4. The mean score for the STAIC was 33.76 and there were significant differences according to grade and sex. 5. There was a significant relationship between stressful life events and health symptoms ( r=.53, p<.01). Also, Stressful life events were postively related with coping strategies(r=.39, p<.01). Trait anxiety was highly correlated with health symptoms(r=.72, p<.01). 6. To examine the multivariate effects of the variables to health symptoms, multiple regression was performed. Stressful life events, coping, trait anxiety, and health concerns were identified as significant variables. Explanation of the health symptoms by these variables was 56.78%. The study revealed that stressful life events correlated with health symptoms in school-age children and coping and trait anxiety had mediating effects on this relationship. The implication for nursing is that there is a need to develop supportive interventions for high risk population to decrease health problems due to stress. Also, it is recommended that a study be conducted to explore protective factors for the prevention of health problems in children.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.608-618
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the type of ego states and stress coping style on female college students who are in the course of nursing study. This study is performed in the view of Transactional Analysis and designed to scrutinize descriptive correlations between the type of ego states and stress coping style. The subject is consists of 144 freshmen and sophomore, 138 junior and senior students group, who are students of K nursing college located in Seoul. The sampling investigation period is on Sept. 14, 2002 to Oct. 26, 2002. The measuring instrument used for Transactional Analysis ego state is 50 items Ego-gram research paper devised by Dusay(1997). For studying coping style, Folkman & Lazarus's measurement(1984) was adopted, which is translated and modified by Han, and Oh,(1990). Statistic average and standard deviation were generated by using SPSS PC+, t-test and Pearson correlation. The results were as follows: 1) In the type of ego states on both groups(lower group : freshmen, sophomore upper group : junior, senior) indicated the arithmetic apex NP(maximum value), then the point A was high and the data made a down slope to point AC. In the comparison to type of ego states between two groups, only at point CP, the data value of upper year students represented higher than that of lower year ones by C(t=2.28, p=.023). In the psychological energy level of ego states, both groups indicated average level.2) Stress coping style of whole students were highly and affirmatively dedicated to research. Consecutive consequences follow like this(high to low) : the central point of problem, search for social support, hopeful aspect and indifference. Especially hopeful aspect(t=.67, p=.05), relaxation of tension(t=-2.16, p=.03) made significant difference each other in the view of arithmetic calculation 3) While verifying coping style in terms of ego states level between lower and upper students group, In type CP, high level ego states group indicated significant difference on stress coping style area than low leveled group and made such sequences as the central point of problem, hopeful aspect, search for social support, positive interest and relaxation of tension. In type NP, sequences such as the central point of problem, search for social support, positive interest and relaxation of tension were emerged with little differences. In type A, the central point of problem, positive interest and relaxation of tension. In type FC, hopeful aspect, search for social support, positive interest and relaxation of tension. In type AC, hopeful aspect and indifference were derived significantly different(p<.05). 4) In the aspect of relation between ego states and coping style, type CP presented the central point of problem and relaxation of tension, type NP presented positive interest, search for social support and the central point of problem, type A showed the central point of problem, positive interest and relaxation of tension, type FC showed relaxation of tension, positive interest, search for social support, indifference and the central point of problem, type AC showed hopeful aspect, indifference and the central point of problem. All the sequence shown above had high-to-low procedure and represented static relations each other(p<.05).

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.73-90
• /
• 2005

Objectives: Smokers who had failed to quit smoking were frequently reported that life stress mostly interrupted their abstention. Stress vulnerability model for smoking cessation has been considered, and most of contemporary smoking cessation programs help smokers develop coping strategies for stressful situations. This study aims to investigate the appropriate coping styles for stress of abstention from smoking. The result of investigating the relationship between abstention following smoking cessation program and coping styles would suggest useful information for those who want to stop smoking and health practitioners who help them. Methods: Participants were 69 smokers (62 males, 7 females) participated in a hospitalized smoking cessation program, whose mean age was 44.89 (SD=9.61). Participants took medical test and completed questionnaires and psychological tests including: Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence and Multidimensional Coping Scale. To identify participants' abstention, researchers followed them for 2 years. To identify whether abstained or not and encourage them to abstain, researchers called them on the telephone once a week for 3 months. After 3 months, they were contacted every other week till 6 months passed since they left smoking cessation program. And they were contacted once a month for other 18months. Researchers also contacted their family to identify their abstention. Data Mining Decision Tree was performed with 37 variables (13 variables for the coping styles and 24 smoking-related variables) by Answer Tree 3.0v Results: Forty four (63.8%) out of sixty nine for 2 weeks, 34 (49.3%) for 6 months, 25 (36.2%) abstained for 1 year, and 22 (31.9%) abstained for 2 years. Participants of this study abstained average of 286.77 days from smoking. Included variables of a Decision Tree model for this study were positive interpretation, emotional expression, self-criticism, restraint and emotional social support seeking. Decision Tree model showed that those (n=9) who did not interpret positively (<=7.5) and criticized themselves (>6.5) abstained 23 days only, while those (n=9) who interpreted positively (>7.5), expressed their emotion freely (>6.5), and sought social support actively (>11.5) abstained 730 days, till last day of the investigation. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that certain coping styles such as positive interpretation, emotional expression, self-criticism, restraint and emotional social support seeking were important factors for long-term abstention from smoking. These findings reiterate the role of stress for abstention from smoking and suggest a model of coping styles for successful abstention from smoking. Despite of limitation of this study, it might help smokers who want to stop smoking and health practitioners who help them.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1998

The study attempts to examine the moderating effects of social support and self-complexity in coping to the death of spouse among middle and old-aged widows. The important findings from the data based on the sample of 161 widows are (1) age differentiates the types of stress experienced by widows (2) social support and self-complexity may either buffer or intensify depending on the circumstances in which widows reside in the negative effects of stress on psychological health among widows and (3) the moderating role of social support and self-complexity differs according to age of widows with older widows being more affected by these coping resources The results of the study support the assumptions drawn from Life-Course Perspective to explain the coping process to the death of spouse.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.339-356
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among role conflict coping strategy and psychological distress of dual-career wives. In order to achieve the study purpose the theoretical model of this study was built on the basis of relevant theories and previous studies, Especially it was influenced by the ABCX model of family stress proposed by Hill, Data were collected from 229 dual-career wives such as professors doctors lawyers teachers pharmacists and nurses. The results were as follows: 1. Role conflict was negatively correlated to self-esteem and positively correlated to psychological distress. 2) in terms of a main effect coping strategy was positively correlated to self-esteem and negatively correlated to psychological distress. 3) In terms of interaction effect coping strategy did not show any significant effect against the negative impacts of role conflict on self-esteem and it on the whole did not whole a significant effect against the positive impacts of role conflict of psychological distress.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.17-32
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of DISC behavior pattern, stress-managing method, and the stress level on job attitude of hospital Employees, and to provide suggestions for effective human resources management in hospital settings. First, the research suggested emotional or aversive stress-managing method had significant influence to the stress level, whereas DISC behavior patterns did not. Second, to the job satisfaction, Influence, Compliance and Steadiness of DISC behavior patterns, challenging or aversive stress-managing method, and the stress level showed immediate meaningful effect. Third, for the system immersion, challenging or emotional ress-managing method as well as the job satisfaction showed direct influence. Especially, the challenging method had not only a direct but an indirect effect through mediating job satisfaction.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial factors, such as self-esteem, stress coping, and social support, and motivation for change in alcohol dependent inpatients. This study included 179 inpatients in the 7clinics for alcoholic in Chonbuk. For the analysis of the study questions, this study utilized the structural equation modeling. The results show that self-esteem was related to motivation for change with mediating role of problem-focused stress coping strategy in alcohol dependent inpatients. The study also reveal that self-esteem and social support was directly associated with the motivation for change. Based on the findings, the importance of programs to promote self-esteem and the involvement of family and acquaintances in the treatment process has been suggested.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.529-544
• /
• 1994

For most parents their child's illness and hospitalization is strssful. Internal stress and over anxiousness leads to uncertainty. Parents have a variety of ways of coping when faced with such stress factors, especialy when the child has cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between uncertainty in illness and mastery and coping styles in parents of pediatric cancer patients, and further to identify differences between three groups of subjects. A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was used in this study to investigate the relationship among the three groups. The sample was composed of 59 parents of children with cancer in pediatric wards in three hospitals in Seoul : 21 in Group 4 with a child newly diagnosed with cancer : 25 in Group B, with a child under treatment and rehospitalized with a relapse : and 13 in Group C, with a child with a terminal cancer, A formalized questionnaire which included demegrapic information and consisted of 75 items was used in this study ; The Parent Perception of Uncertainty Scale(PPUS) adapted form Mishel’s Uncertainty in Illness Scale, Pearlin & Schooler's Mastery Scale(MS) and Folkman & Lazarus’s Ways of Coping Checklist(WCC) were used to measure the variables : uncertainty in illness, mastery, and coping styles. A pretest was conducted on the questionnaire items for reliability. The results gathered were analyzed using SPSS /PC/sup +/. Data analysis included descriptive correltional statistics such as ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, amd chi square test. The conclusions of this analysis are summarized as follows : 1. A higher level of uncertainty was seen among parents of children with terminal cancer. 2. The first hypothesis that uncertainty in illness would differ among the three groups was supported(F=4.182, P=.020). The second and third hypotheses that mastery and coping styles would differ among the three groups were not supported. There was a correlation between uncertainty, mastery, and coping styles which was positive, also there was a positive correlation between mastery and coping style(r=.3744, P<.001) but a negative correlation between uncertainty md mastery(r=-.4749, P<.01). From the above results, it can be concluded that prediciting and controlling uncertainty in illness by considering coping styles and mastery are necessary for improved, efficient nursing interventions.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.887-895
• /
• 2010

Objectives : In this study, 233 dental hygiene students in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas were surveyed in order to provide the basic data for more effective clinical practice by investigating the stress they experience during the clinical practice and how they cope with stress; Methods : 5 areas in stress factors as environmental factor, interpersonal factor, role and activity, ideal and value, and the amount of BEPSI and 4 areas in their coping methods as problem-oriented, social support, emotion-oriented, and wishful thinking were measured by Liker 5-point scale. Results : 1. The satisfaction level of subjects on their major was the highest as 'generally satisfied (50.6%),' and their satisfaction level of clinical practice was also the highest as 'generally satisfied (32.6%).' 2. The clinical practice stress was 2.76 points on average, and their stress factors were ideal and value (3.18), environmental factor (2.98), role and activity (2,70), the amount of BEPSI (2.55), and interpersonal factor (2.37). And the way how they cope with stress were 3.29 points on average, wishful thinking (3.71), social support (3.36), problem-oriented (3.13), and emotion-oriented (2.95). 3. The clinical practice stress according to clinical training institutions showed significant differences: university dental hospitals and general hospitals (2.83), dental clinics (2.65), and dental hospitals (2.63). 4. The clinical practice stress showed a negative correlation between the satisfaction level of major and the satisfaction level of clinical practice (p<0.01), and the more satisfaction they had in their major and clinical practice, the less stress during the clinical practice. 5. In the correlation between each subordinate factor of the stress in clinical practice and how to cope with it, interpersonal factor and emotion-oriented factor, the amount of BEPSI and wishful thinking showed a positive correlation (p<0.05). Conclusions : In this study, it is necessary to develop clinical practice program that is to increase satisfaction and provide motivation in order to reduce the stress during clinical training.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권7호
• /
• pp.120-126
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 간호대학생의 자기효능감, 스트레스 대처 및 대학생활적응과의 관계를 알아보기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구대상자는 K도에 소재하는 4년제 간호대학의 학생을 대상으로 편의 추출하였으며, 자료 수집은 2018년 10월 1일부터 12월 10일까지 실시되었다. 자료분석은 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 이용하였으며, 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA, Multiple regression을 이용하였다. 본 연구결과 간호대학생의 자기효능감은 3.07±.39점, 스트레스 대처 2.15±.24점, 대학생활적응 3.32±.49점으로 나타났으며, 변수들 간에는 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 연구대상자의 자기효능감과 스트레스 대처가 높을수록 대학생활적응이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 일반적 특성에서 전공 만족과 학과 지원동기, 음주에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대학생활 적응력은 전공 만족이 높을수록, 지원동기가 확고한 편이 보통인 경우보다, 대인관계에서 음주를 하는 경우가 높았다. 이상의 연구결과를 보아 성공적 대학생몰 및 스트레스에 대처능력 강화를 위한 지원프로그램 개발이 요구된다.