• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.20 no.4 s.64
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• pp.125-130
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• 2006

Pumped storage power plant is a system of generating electricity with hydroelectric power, in which at times of low electrical demand such as during nights, excess generation capacity of many power plants is used to pump water into the higher reservoir, and when there is higher demand, water is released back into the lower reservoir through a turbine, generating electricity. As pumped storage power plants across the nation are not on building registry under "the Article 6 of the Special Act by the Development of Power Resources", they are classified as a structure, not as a building. As a result, permit of fire protection facility is unnecessary, and fire protection administration is excluded from approval to completion of construction. Therefore, this study is to improve problems in accordance with the application of "he Article 6 of the Special Act by the Development of Power Resources", repair of facilities and problems with safety control to effectively prevent similar damages from repeatedly happening to pumped storage power plants in operation or under construction nationwide during a fire.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.83 no.5
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• pp.627-644
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• 2022

In past major earthquakes (1994 Northridge, 1995 Kobe, Chi-Chi 1999, Kocaeli 1999), significant damages occurred in the liquid storage tanks. The basic failure patterns were observed to be the buckling of the tank wall and uplift of the anchorage system. The damages in the industrial facilities and nuclear power plants have caused the spread of toxic substances to the environment and significant fires. Seismic isolation can be used in liquid storage tanks to decouple the structure and decrease the structural demand in the superstructure in case of ground shaking. Previous studies on the use of seismic isolation systems on liquid storage tanks show that an isolation system reduces the impulsive response but might slightly increase the convective one. There is still a lack of understanding of the seismic response of seismically isolated liquid storage tanks considering the fluid-structure interaction. In this study, one broad tank, one medium tank, and one slender tank are selected and designed. Two- and three-dimensional elastomeric bearings are used as seismic isolation systems. The seismic performance of the tanks is then investigated through nonlinear dynamic time-history analyses. The effectiveness of each seismic isolation system on tanks' performance was investigated. Isolator tension forces, modal analysis results, hydrodynamic stresses, strains, sloshing heights and base shear forces of the tanks are compared. The results show that the total base shear is lower in 3D-isolators compared to 2D-isolators. Even though the tank wall stresses, and strains are slightly higher in 3D-isolators, they are more efficient to prevent the tension problem.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.121-128
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• 1995

The object of this study is to analyze the actual use of and the problems of bathrooms in urban apartments which have two bathrooms. There are some problems with the present western style bathrooms which have three different facilities in the same room: a toilet, a bathtub, and a washstand. Twenty-five percent of the respondents use the bathtub as a water tank or a storage. A toil not combined with a bathtub as well as some dressing space are desired for the main bathroom. Many residents of young age satisfied with the bathroom attached to the badroom.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.132-136
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• 2004

본 논문은 SDP(Software Define Platform)와 연동하여 홈 네트워킹에 필요한 정보를 저장하고 검색하는 홈 네트워크 저장장치인 능동형 미디어 스토리지 플랫폼 연구에 관해 기술한다. 능동형 미디어 스토리지 플랫폼은 단순한 데이터 저장 뿐만 아니라 SDP가 요구하는 정보를 어플리케이션에 따라 다르게 처리할 수 있다. 또한 멀티미디어 스트림을 로컬 네트워크상에 최적화하여 어플리케이션에 제공한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.93-94
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• 2013

본 연구는 게릴라성 폭우 시 도심침수 방지를 위한 배수촉진 이원화 시설 구축공법을 개발하기 위한 것이다. 풍수기 지하수 함양을 통해 가뭄 시 지하수를 사용할 수 있는 지하저류 시설을 구축하는 공법이다. 이는 지하 토양의 공극을 양호한 재료로 치환, 저류량을 증대시켜 도심지 홍수 시 배수 보완시설로 활용하고, 농촌지역 가뭄 시 농업용수의 취수시설로 활용할 수 있다. 공법개발을 위한 토양치환 재료는 실내 현장실험을 통해 저류특성 증대효과를 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.271-284
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• 2003

We developing for Gate-Container Yard model to execute the Input & Output process of containers which are waiting in container yard effectively and fast. The optimal model is developed to manage and trace the containers in yard. We developed the put-away strategies which considered the storage time for volume of transportation and the distance between blocks and gates using the MICRO-CRAFT (Computerized Relative Allocation Facilities Technique).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.51-64
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• 2001

The qualities including taste of sweetpotato stored during the winter which can display in the spring market in Korea are affected by availability of storage for the roots. In order to make high storage availability of sweetpotato, the postharvest handlings should be done thoroughly from the moment of harvest until shipping them to the market. A lot of procedures that must be handled carefully for improving postharvest management are as follows; digging, trimming, gathering, putting in storage containers, carrying them from field to house, curing, storing, washing, drying, selecting marketable roots, packing and shipping to the market, etc.. Sweetpotatoes have a high moisture content, and a relatively thin and delicate skin, and are sensitive to chilling, so careless postharvest handling can lead to both quantitative and qualitative losses which may be extremely high in some circumstances. From now on research has concentrated on the improvement of postharvest conditions to increase yield and lower disease rates. Storage, which makes sweetpotatoes available through out the year, benefits both the producer and the consumer. Seven very important points must be needed in order to get the best quality marketable roots in the storing of sweetpotatos : $\circled1$The storage house must be clean and sanitary, $\circled2$The crop must be harvested before the first frost to avoid low-temperature injury, $\circled3$Particular care must be taken to avoid cutting, bruising, or other injuries of the sweetpotatoes during digging, picking up, grading, placing in containers, and moving to the storage house, $\circled4$Select sound, disease-free roots for storage $\circled5$Sweetpotatoes should be stored in properly stacked containers $\circled6$Cure immediately after harvest, preferably at 32∼33$^{\circ}C$ and 90 to 95 percent relative humidity for 4 to 7 days, After curing the temperature should be reduced to 13$^{\circ}C$ to 16$^{\circ}C$ by ventilating the storage with outside air. $\circled7$Store at 12$^{\circ}C$ to 14$^{\circ}C$ and a relative humidity of 80 to 85 percent. Storage houses should be located on suitable sites and should be tightly constructed and insulated so that temperature and humidity will be uniform. Sweetpotatoes are usually not washed and graded, and lately sometimes washed, graded, waxed, before being shipped to market. Consumer packaging of sweetpotatoes in paper boxes(10-15kg) or film bags is done mainly to aid marketing. The shelf life of washed roots in consumer packs in only 1 to 2 weeks. Weight loss of roots during marketing is much less in perforated film bags than in mesh and paper bags. Perforation of 0.8 to 1kg polyethylene bags with about six 6mm holes is essential ; to lower the internal relative humidity and avoid excessive sprouting, rooting, and dampness. Development and use of better postharvest handling with good storage facilities or marketing methods can minimize sweetpotate losses and has an effect of indirectly increasing productivity and farmer’s income.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.115-129
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• 1971

As the result of a survey conducted by the author on the status of tile 12 educational institutions for mentally retarded children in Korea and their quartering facilities as well as on 934 children accommodated in such institutions, the following conclusion has been reached: 1) More than a half (approximately 58 percent) of the facilities for mentally retarded children are concentrated in Seoul. About eighty-three percent of these facilities are private establishments, of which 70 percent have their proprietors concurrently as their superintendents. Although these facilities were first established as many as 22 years ago, it has been only five or six years since education was actually started for mentally restarted children. 2) Out of a total of 179 employes, teachers number 99, there by constituting approximately 57.6 percent. Out of them, however, only 32 teachers or 2.8 percent have special teachers licenses. Thus, each teachers has to take care of an average of 29 children. This is excessive a number of children per teachers in view of the special nature of this education, there by indication how urgent it would be to secure more teachers lot this field. 3) Out of the mantally retarded children investigated 57.6 percent suffer from physical disorder in addition to mental retardation, 53.0 percent from mental alienation illnesses besides retardation, and 25 pent from physical, mental disorders in addition to retardation. It is therefore necessary to maintain medical and nursing facilities together with educational facilities. however, two places have no medical facilities at all, and four other places, without medical personnel, have to receive medical support from nearby hospitals or clinics. 4) The total number of children in the surveyed facilities is 934, who can be broken down into 58.7 percent boys and 41.3 percent for girls. They are classified into 12.5 percent for idiot, 37.7 percent for imbeciles, 32.7 percent for morons, and 17.3 percent for thoes children on borderline. Their average age is 13.9 years. 5) As the result of education, the illiteracy rate of mentally retarded children has decreased from 78.1 percent to 32.1 percent while the percentage of those taking the primary school course has increased for 12.2 per cent to 33.5 percent. As a result, it has been learned that education is definitely necessary for Retarded children though it may be a difficult task. 6) The children who have mentally retarded children among their brothers or sisters constitute 6.3 percent of the total number. The corresponding rate for boys is 3.5 percent while that for girls is a remarkably higher rate 10.6 percent. Through studies on the causes of their mental retardation, it has been learned that 39.6 percent of them is of the inherent type and 35.3 percent is of the environmental type. Control and improvement of health of mothers and children, early diagnosis and early treatment are believed to be very important because they could prevent or alleviant much of these conditions. 7) The storage age of teachers and employes is 35.3 years, an indication that a great proportion of them is experienced in a way or another as their major difficulty or problems in serving with these special school, 22.5 percent cited inadequate payment 24.5 gave the inadequate public understanding, and 22.5 percent pointed out the lack of understanding on the part of give parents.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.293-300
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• 2012

This study was to investigate the unsuitable rate of the storage facilities, the changes in corrosion process over time after installation according to the status, the time to install the facilities, years elapsed after facilities installation, inspection of methods and motivation, and so on, based on the results of the inspection at the petroleum storage facilities conducted by domestic soil-relate specialized agency to derive optimal management plans which meet the status of soil contamination facilities. The results showed that the facilities more than 5 years after the initial leak test at the time of the installation need to be inspected periodically by considering costs of leak test and remediation of polluted soil. The inspection period can be decided by cost and leak test methods showing discrepancies for the results obtained from individual test whether it was direct or indirect. To compensate these matters, we suggested that the direct inspection method on regular schedule is recommended. On the other hand, the inspection can be voluntarily completed to ease burden of the results by inspection or equivalent level to this inspection method. Also, it may need improved construction supervision and performance test system to minimize the occurrence of the nature defects in installing the facilities as well as the upgrade program for the facilities during intervals of inspection period.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2024

Demand for RW transportation is expected to increase due to the continuous generation of RW from nuclear power plants and facilities, decommissioning of plants, and saturation of spent fuel temporary storage facilities. The locational aspect of plants and radiation protection optimization for the public have led to an increasing demand for maritime transportation, necessitating to apprehend the overseas and domestic current status. Given the potential long-term radiological impact on the public in the event of a sinking accident, a pre-transportation exposure assessment is necessary. The objective of this study is to investigate the overseas and domestic RW maritime transportation current status and overseas dose assessment cases for the public in sinking accident. Selected countries, including Japan, UK, Sweden, and Korea, were examined for transport cases, Japan and the U.S were chosen for dose assessment case in sinking accidents. As a result of the maritime transportation case analysis, it was performed between nuclear power plants and reprocessing facilities, from plants to disposal or intermediate storage facilities. HLW and MOX fuel were transported using INF 3 shipments, and all transports were performed low speed of 13 kn or less. As a result of the dose assessment for the public in sinking accident, japan conducted an assessment for the sinking of spent fuel and vitrified HLW, and the U.S conducted for the sinking of spent fuel. Both countries considered external exposure through swimming and working at seashore, and internal exposure through seafood ingestion as exposure pathway. Additionally, Japan considered external exposure through working on board and fishing, and the U.S considered internal exposure through spray inhalation and desalinized water and salt ingestion. Internal exposure through seafood ingestion had the largest dose contribution. The average public exposure dose was 20 years after the sinking, 0.04 mSv yr^-1 for spent fuel and 5 years after the sinking, 0.03 mSv yr^-1 for vitrified HLW in Japan. In the U.S, it was 1.81 mSv yr^-1 5 years after the sinking of spent fuel. The results of this study will be used as fundamental data for maritime transportation of domestic RW in the future.