• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.34-40
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• 2003

The paper presents a method to detect dissolve shots of video scene change detections in an MPEG compressed domain. The proposed algorithm uses color-R DCT coefficients of Ⅰ, P-frames for a fast operation and accurate detection and a minimum decoding process in MPEG sequences. The paper presents a method to detect dissolve shot for three-dimensional visualization and analysis of Image in order to recognize easily in computer as a human detects accurately shots of scene change. First, Color-R DCT coefficients for 8*8 units are obtained and the features are summed in a row. Second, Four-step analysis are Performed for differences of the sum in the frame sequences. The experimental results showed that the algorithm has better detection performance, such as precision and recall rate, than the existing method using an average for all DC image by performing four step analysis. The algorithm has the advantage of speed, simplicity and accuracy. In addition. it requires less amount of storage.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.201-201
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• 2003

We synthesized dendrimers containing light switchable units, azobenzene group. And the dendrimer containing 48 pyridinepropanol functional end group, which could form a complex structure with metal ions was synthesized. To apply to the molecular level devices or data storage system using Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) film, we firstly investigated the monolayer behavior using the surface pressure-area($\pi$-A) isotherms at air-water interface. And then the surface pressure shift of monolayer by light irradiation was also measured to the dendrimer with azobezene group. As a result, the monolayer of dendrimer with azobenzene group showed the reversible photo-switching behavior by the isomerization of azobenzene group in their periphery. The samples for electrical measurement were fabricated to two types which were pure dendrimer with pyridinepropanol group and its complexes with $Pt^4+$ ions by LB method. We have studied the electrical properties of the ultra thin dendrimer LB films investigated by the current-voltage(I-V) characteristics of Metal/Dendrimer LB films/Metal(MIM) structure. And we have investigated different results in the surface activity at the air-water interface as well as the electrical properties for the monolayers of pure dendrimer with pyridinevopanol group and its complex with $Pt^4+$ ions. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that the metal ion around dendrimer with pyri야nepropanol group can contribute to make formation of network structure among dendrimers and it result from the change of electrical properties. This results suggest that the dendrimers with azobenzene group and pvridinedropanol group can be applied to high efficient nano-device of molecular level.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.16
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• pp.111-176
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the information science education provided by the undergraduate courses of the departments of library science of the Korean universities by looking at major topics included in the syllabi distributed to students in the past three years. It is important to determine the evaluation of the professional education for information specialists by the graduates of the departments of library science who have acquired a critical appreciation of their professional studies and speak from experience about the relavance of the programme to their work and careers, and by the managers of information service units where the graduates would eventually make their careers. Specifically, the study addresses the following four questions. (a) To what excent do the information science curricula contribute to advancement of theory and practice of the information profession? (b) To what extent do the information science curricula contribute to students in acquiring the knowledge and skills required of the information specialist? (c) To what extent are the employers' concerns reflected in the information science curricula? (d) What reforms are needed to bring the current information science curricula closer to the present and future needs of the information profession? To answer these questions, the study is conducted in two main parts: an in-depth subject analysis of the articles of three important journals in the field of information science published during the past ten years and of the syllabi used for information science subjects taught in the departments of library science during the past three years and an extensive survey of the graduates of departments of library science and their principal employers. The major findings are as follows. The average number of 4.1 subjects of information science is offered in departments of library science, and the most common subjects offered are introduction to information science, information storage and retrieval, and library automation. Approximately two thirds of the total output of research and development in the field of information science are taught at one or more departments of library science in Korea. Majority of the graduates of the departments of library science comment that their professional education did not offer to them systematic orientation to the specifics of the first job. The employers of the graduates believe that departments of library science should provide sufficient practicums to enable students to understand and apply the theory.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.22-35
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• 2019

Development of low cost rechargeable batteries has been considered as a significant task for future large-scale energy storage units (i.e. electric vehicles, smart grids). Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been recognized as a promising alternative to replace conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their abundancy and economic benign. Nevertheless, Na ions have larger ionic radius than that of Li ions, resulting in sluggish transport of Na ions in electrodes for cell operation. There have been efforts to seek suitable anode materials for the past years operated based on three different kinds of reaction mechanism (intercalation, alloy reaction, and conversion reaction). In this review, we introduce a class of conversion reaction anode materials for Na-ion batteries, which have been reported.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.75-87
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• 2010

Secure communication has been one of the main challenges in vehicular ad hoc networks(VANET) since broadcast messages from nearby vehicles contain life-critical information for drivers and passengers. So far various secure communication schemes have been proposed to secure the communication in VANET, and they satisfy most security requirements. However most of them need to put trust on roadside units(RSUs), which are usually deployed in unattended area and vulnerable to compromise. In this paper, we propose a secure communication scheme, which does not need to put trust on RSUs. And we adopt a grouping technique to averagely divide the huge burden in the server without jeopardizing the anonymity of users. Moreover we design a complete set of protocols to satisfy common security requirements with a relatively lower hardware requirement. At last, we evaluate the scheme with respect to security requirements, communication overhead, storage overhead and network performance.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.1060-1070
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• 2022

With the development of information technology, the size of the system has become larger and diversified, and the existing role-based access control has faced limitations. Blockchain technology is being used in various fields by presenting new solutions to existing security vulnerabilities. This paper suggests efficient role-based access control in a blockchain where the required gas and processing time vary depending on the access frequency and capacity of the storage. The proposed method redefines the role of reusable units, introduces a hierarchical structure that can efficiently reflect dynamic states to enhance efficiency and scalability, and includes user-centered authentication functions to enable cryptocurrency linkage. The proposed model was theoretically verified using Markov chain, implemented in Ethereum private network, and compared experiments on representative functions were conducted to verify the time and gas efficiency required for user addition and transaction registration. Based on this in the future, structural expansion and experiments are required in consideration of exception situations.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.387-392
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• 2022

In addition to complying with access standards for facilities that require infection control (operating rooms, delivery rooms, intensive care units, etc.) in accordance with the 2019 Medical Care Act Enforcement Regulations, entry, exit, contact information, etc. for entry and exit, the criteria for entering and exiting special rooms of medical institutions have been revised so that records of facts are kept for one year. However, even now, the inconvenience continues due to the fact that such contents are created by hand or due to errors. For this reason, this study designed and implemented a system that provides automatic opening, closing, and accessing record storage functions for authorized users using IoT devices and UWB technology, and we expected that the convenience of the visitors and systemized access control will be possible.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5B
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• pp.481-488
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• 2006

This paper suggests a novel approach of integrating the quasi-distributed watershed model SWAT with the fully-distributed groundwater model MODFLOW. Since the SWAT model has semi distributed features, its groundwater components hardly considers distributed parameters such as hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient. Generating a detailed representation of groundwater recharge, head distribution and pumping rate is equally difficult. To solve these problems, the method of exchanging the characteristics of the hydrologic response units (HRUs) in SWAT with cells in MODFLOW by fully combined manner is proposed. The linkage is completed by considering the interaction between the stream network and the aquifer to reflect boundary flow. This approach is provisionally applied to Gyungancheon basin in Korea. The application demonstrates a combined model which enables an interaction between saturated zones and channel reaches. This interaction plays an essential role in the runoff generation in the Gyungancheon basin. The comprehensive results show a wide applicability of the model which represents the temporal-spatial groundwater head distribution and recharge.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

Recently concerns have been raised due to the unbalanced supply of crops: the price of crops has been unstable and at one point the price went up so high that the word Agflation(agriculture+ inflation) was coined. Korea, in particular, is a small-sized country and needs to secure the stable supply of crops by investing in the produce importation at a national level. Investment in foreign produce importation is becoming more important as a measure for sufficient supply of crops, limited supply of domestic crops, weakened farming conditions worldwide, as well as recent changes in the use of crops due to the development of bio-fuels, influence of carbon emission on crops, the price increase in crops, and influx of foreign hot money. However, there are many problems with investing in foreign produce importation: lack of support from the government; lack of farming information and technology; difficulty in securing the capital; no immediate pay-off from the investment and insufficient management. Although foreign produce is originally more price-competitive than domestic produce, it loses its competiveness in the process of importation (due to high tariffs) and poor distribution system, which makes it difficult to sell in Korea. Therefore, investment in foreign produce importation is being questioned for feasibility; to make it possible, foreign produce must maintain the price-competitiveness. Especially, harvest of agricultural products depends on natural and geographical conditions of each country and those products have indigenous properties, so distribution system according to import and export of agricultural products should be treated more carefully than that of other industries. Distribution costs are differentiated into each item and include cost of sorting and wrapping, cost of wrapping materials, cost of domestic transport, cost of international transport and cost of clearing customs for import and export. So transporting and storing agricultural products generates considerable costs compared with other products. Also, due to upgrade of dietary life, needs for stability, taste and visible quality toward food including agricultural products are being raised and wrong way of storage causes decomposition of food and loss of freshness, making the storage more difficult than that in room temperature, so storage and transport in distribution of agricultural products needs specialty. In addition, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. However, existing distribution system of agricultural products is exposed to various problems including problems in distribution channel, making distribution and strategy for distribution and those problems are as follows. First, in case of investment in overseas agricultural industry, stable supply of the products is difficult because areas of production are dispersed widely and influenced by outer factors due to including overseas distribution channels. Also, at the aspect of quality, standardization of products is difficult, distribution system is quite complicated and unreasonable due to long distribution channels according to international trade and financial and institutional support is not enough. Especially, there are quite a lot of ineffective factors including multi level distribution process, dramatic gap between production cost and customer's cost, lack of physical distribution facilities and difficulties in storage and transport due to lack of wrapping containers. Besides, because import and export of agricultural products has been manages under the company's own distribution according to transaction contract between manufacturers and exporting company, efficiency is low due to excessive investment in fixed costs and lack of specialty in dealing with agricultural products causes fall of value of products, showing the limit to lose price-competitiveness. Especially, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. Second, among tangible and intangible services which promote the efficiency of the whole distribution, a function building distribution environment which includes distribution information, system for standard and inspection, distribution finance, system for diversification of risks, education and training, distribution administration and tax system is wanted. In general, such a function building distribution environment is difficult to be changed and supplement innovatively because its effect compared with investment does not appear immediately despite of its necessity. Especially, in case of distribution of agricultural products, as a function of collecting and distributing is performed individually through various channels, the importance of distribution information and standardization is getting more focus due to the problem of repetition of work and lack of specialty. Also, efficient management of distribution is quite difficult due to lack of professionals in distribution, so support to professional education is needed. Third, though effort to keep self-sufficiency ratio of staple food, rice is regarded as important at the government level, level of dependency on overseas of others crops is high. Therefore, plan for stable securing food resources aside from staple food is also necessary. Especially, governmental organizations of agricultural products distribution in Korea are production-centered and have unreasonable structure whose function at the aspect of distribution and consumption is quite insufficient. And development of new distribution channels which can deal with changes in distribution environment and they do not achieve actual results of strategy for distribution due to non-positive strategy for price distribution. That is, it implies the possibility that base for supply will become vulnerable because it does not mediate appropriate interests on total distribution channels such as manufacturers, wholesale dealers and vendors by emphasizing consumer protection excessively in the distribution of agricultural products. Therefore, this study examined fundamental concept and actual situation for our investment to overseas agriculture, drew necessities, considerations, problems, etc. of overseas agricultural investment and suggested improvements at the level of distribution for price competitiveness of agricultural products cultivated in overseas under five aspects; government's indirect support, distribution's modernization and distribution information function's strengthening, government's political support for distribution facility, transportation route, load and unloading works' improvement, price competitiveness' securing, professional manpower's cultivation by education and training, etc. Here are some suggestions for foreign produce importation. First, the government should conduct a survey on the current distribution channels and analyze the situation to establish a measure for long-term development plans. By providing each agricultural area with a guideline for planning appropriate production of crops, the government can help farmers be ready for importation, and prevent them from producing same crops all at the same time. Government can sign an MOU with the foreign government and promote the importation so that the development of agricultural resources can be stable and steady. Second, the government can establish a strategy for an effective distribution system by providing farmers and agriculture-related workers with the distribution information such as price, production, demand, market structure and location, feature of each crop, and etc. In order for such distribution system to become feasible, the government needs to reconstruct the current distribution system, designate a public organization for providing distribution information and set the criteria for level of produce quality, trade units, and package units. Third, the government should provide financial support and a policy to seek an efficient distribution channel for foreign produce to be delivered fresh: the government should expand distribution facilities (for selecting, packaging, storing, and processing) and transportation vehicles while modernizing old facilities. There should be another policy to improve the efficiency of unloading, and to lower the cost of distribution. Fourth, it is necessary to enact a new law covering exceptional cases for importing produce in order to maintain the price competitiveness; currently the high tariffs is keeping the imported produce from being distributed domestically. However, the new adjustment should be made carefully within the WTO regulations since it can create a problem from giving preferential tariffs. The government can also simplify the distribution channels in order to reduce the cost in the distribution process. Fifth, the government should educate distributors to raise the efficiency and to modernize the distribution system. It is necessary to develop human resources by educating people regarding the foreign agricultural environment, the produce quality, management skills, and by introducing some successful cases in advanced countries.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.90-95
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• 2008

It has become a big matter of concerns that the skill and measures against reduction of energy and cost for heating a protected horticultural greenhouse were prepared. But in these days necessity of cooling a protected horticultural greenhouse is on the rise from partial high value added farm products. In this study, therefore, a horizontal type geothermal heat pump system with 10 RT scale to heat and cool a protected horticultural greenhouse and be considered to be cheaper than a vertical type geothermal heat pump system was installed in greenhouse with area of $240\;m^2$. And cooling performances of this system were analysed. As condenser outlet temperature of heat transfer medium fluid rose from $40^{\circ}C$ to $58^{\circ}C$, power consumption of the heat pump was an upturn from 11.5 kW to 15 kW and high pressure rose from 1,617 kPa to 2,450 kPa. Cooling COP had the trend that the higher the ground temperature at 1.75 m went, the lower the COP went. The COP was 2.7 at ground temperature at 1.75 m depth of $25.5^{\circ}C$ and 2.0 at the temperature of $33.5^{\circ}C$ and the heat extraction rate from the greenhouse were 28.8 kW, 26.5 kW respectively at the same ground temperature range. 8 hours after the heat pump was operated, the temperature of ground at 60 cm and 150 cm depth buried a geothermal heat exchanger rose $14.3^{\circ}C$, $15.3^{\circ}C$ respectively, but the temperature of ground at the same depth not buried rose $2.4^{\circ}C$, $4.3^{\circ}C$ respectively. The temperature of heat transfer medium fluid fell $7.5^{\circ}C$ after the fluid passed through geothermal heat exchanger and the fluid rejected average 46 kW to the 1.5 m depth ground. It analyzed the geothermal heat exchanger rejected average 36.8 W/m of the geothermal heat exchanger. Fan coil units in the greenhouse extracted average 28.2 kW from the greenhouse air and the temperature of heat transfer medium fluid rose $4.2^{\circ}C$after the fluid passing through fan coil units. It was analyzed the accumulation energy of thermal storage thank was 321 MJ in 3 hours and the rejection energy of the tank was 313 MJ in 4 hours.