• 한국어류학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 1995

한국 서해 연안 저서어류의 우점종인 참서대 Cynoglossus joyneri의 생태를 조사하기 위해서 서해연안 7해역에서 1992년부터 1994년까지 표본을 채집하였고, 채집된 표본들에 대해 성성숙, 난 자치어의 분포, 소화관 내용물을 분석하였으며, 서식해역의 저질(低質), 수온과 염분농도 등 서식환경을 조사하였다. 군산 연안에서 금강, 만경강의 담수 영향으로 염분농도가 크게 낮아지는 하계에 본 종의 출현량이 격감하였는데, 이 시기에 담수 영향권에서 벗어난 외해쪽에서 산란과 초기성장이 이루어지는 것으로 여겨진다. 생식소 분석 결과 이들의 산란기는 6~10월이었으며 산란성기는 7~8월이었다. 성숙란을 가지 는 최소성체는 143.5 mm로 부화 후 약 20개월 후에 성체로 되는 것으로 나타났다. 연령별 체장조성은 당년 부화한 부유기 단계의 개체들이 전장 30.0~70.0 mm, 1년생이 49.0~133.0 mm, 2년생이 128.0~ 167.0 mm, 3년생이 169.0~202.0 mm, 4년생이 200.0~240.0 mm였다. 소화관 내용물은 전장8cm 미만의 개체들의 경우 요각류와 갑각류 유생 등, 무척추동물의 유생이 대부분이었고 성체의 경우는 겨울철에 갯지렁이류, 여름과 가을철에 이매패와 새우류를 많이 섭식하고 있었다. 현재 참서대의 주요 먹이인 무척추동물이 서식하고 있는 서해 내만역은 개발에 따라 매립이 진행되고 있어서 앞으로 본 종의 출현량이 크게 감소할 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.236-245
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• 2007

남한강 지류인 충청북도 충주시 가금면 봉황리 한포천에서 2005년 10월부터 2006년 10월까지 계절별로 퉁가리(L. andersoni)를 대상으로 식성을 조사 연구하였다. 주요먹이생물로는 파리목, 하루살이목, 날도래목 등의 수서곤충이었으며, 체장이 50 mm 이하인 개체들에서는 크기가 매우 작으며, 먹이생물이 풍부한 꼬마하루살이류와 깔따구류를 주로 섭식하였고, 점차 성장하면서 크기가 크고 중량이 무거운 납작하루살이류가 주요 먹이생물로 나타났다. 깔따구류와 날도래류는 모든 개체들에서 고르게 섭식되었다. 계절에 따른 먹이생물의 구성은 여름과 가을에 다양하였고 겨울에 단순한 경향을 보였는데, 봄에는 하루살이류를 집중적으로 섭취하였으며, 여름과 가을에는 비교적 균등하게 먹이생물을 선택하였고, 수온이 낮은 겨울에는 이동력이 약한 날도래류와 깔따구류를 집중적으로 섭식하였다. 또한 위충만도 분석 결과 본 종은 섭식활동이 주로 일몰직후 시작되어 02~03시에 가장 활발하였으며, 일출직후부터는 점차 감소하여 낮에는 거의 이루어지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 퉁가리는 야간에 여울역의 바위나 자갈의 표면에 서식하는 수서곤충을 주로 섭식하는 저서성 육식포식자에 속하는 어류로 판단된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1207-1220
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• 2009

Through the study on the constitution-favored food by each constitution, we can draw below conclusions : The number of food that corresponds to that on more than 3 literatures showed over 40 for lesser yang person, greater yin person and lesser yin person, however, the number for greater yang person only appeared about 20, half of the number for the others. This is considered to have resulted from the not-enough studies on greater yang person for its rarity. When looking into the portion of the constitution-favored food for each constitution, the portion of cereals, bulbous plants and beans takes 27% (average 16.4% in the constitution-favored food)for greater yin person-favored food, the portion of vegetables and mushroom shares 29%(average 23.6% in the constitution-favored food) for lesser yin person, while the portion of fish, shellfish and other sea-food shows an average 25%, almost same figure for greater yang person, lesser yang person and lesser yin person, but its portion for greater yin person comes up the lowest figure at 16.2%. The portion of fruit shows relatively bigger figure in the constitution-favored food for lesser yang person and greater yin person, while smaller for greater yang person and lesser yin person. Meat, milk and milk products, eggs, oil and fats, condiments and flavors are not found in the greater yang person-favored food. When classifying the constitution-favored food by 4-Chi, the cold-natured food which favorers for lesser yang person shows a major portion, and when classifying it by 5 tastes, the sweety food becomes major, further, when classifying it by the benefited organ, the food benefiting to spleen and stomach, the lesser yin person favored food, appears prevalent. Above conclusion, based on approximately 300 kinds of food which are classified as constitutional food on literatures, suggests the necessity of a steady study and requires us to develop new constitutional food with the contemporary technology of food-processing and to determine the constitutional suitability on the newly introduced food which is increasing its numbers through importation due to frequent oversea trading.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.793-798
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• 2006

Vertigo is one of the subjective symptoms which appears commonly in so many diseases that it is often neglected. But it needs active medical care because it can be a forewarning of serious illness like cerebral apoplexy. This thesis makes a study of vertigo in view of Hyungsang medicine. The followings are the conclusion drawn in diagnosis and treatment of Vertigo: Excess in the upper and deficiency in the lower part(上實下虛) is a main cause of male vertigo. Deficiency in the upper and excess in the lower part(下虛上實) is a general cause of female vertigo. Vertigo is also caused by the insufficiency of the kidney water(腎水) or reservoir of marrow(髓海). persons of Jung pe(精科) with large check bones , those of Fish type(魚類) with Dig mouth and thick lips ; and those with large heads are mainly attacked by this cause. A fleshy person's vertigo comes from the deficiency of Ki and damp phlegm(氣虛濕症) so it is cured by reinforcing Ki, removing dampness and dispelling phlegm. A slim person's vertigo comes from the deficiency of blood and dryness heat(血虛有火) so it is treated by tonifying the blood, cleaning heat away the heat. In case of womanly shaped male and manly shaped female, the vertigo is due to the phlegm fire. Wind-heat(風熱) can cause vertigo generally 施 the persons of following types : wind type(風人), running animal type(走類),bird type(烏類), and Yangmyung meridian type (陽明形). Vertigo also comes from consumption. The deficiency of Ki can be a cause of vertigo in case of male; persons with pale complexion; and those with pronounced noses. The deficiency of blood can be a reason of vertigo in the persons of Hyul type(血科) and those with pale eyelids and lips. The hypofunction of the splean and stomach brings on the deficiency of Ki and blood, which can give rise to the vertigo for those with large nose and mouth. The old people's vertigo comes from the hypofunction of Ki, blood, Yin and Yang.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.278-284
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• 2023

우리나라 가을철 서해에 출현하는 고등어의 섭식특성을 파악하기 위해 2021년 10~12월, 2022년 9~11월에 대형선망어업에 의해 어획된 827개체의 위내용물을 분석하였다. 이번 연구에서 고등어의 가장 중요한 먹이생물은 어류였으며, 어류 중에서도 멸치가 가장 우점하였다. 그 외에, 요각류, 단각류, 난바다곤쟁이류, 두족류, 곤쟁이류, 생이류, 게류 등이 출현하였으나, 각각 13.7% 이하의 상대중요도지수비를 보여 그 양은 매우 적었다. 고등어의 생태적 지위를 알아보기 위해 고등어의 영양단계를 살펴본 결과, 3.84의 값을 나타내었다. 크기군별 위내용물 조성을 알아본 결과(<25.0 cm, 25.0~30.0 cm, 30.0~35.0 cm, 35.0~40.0 cm, ≥40.0 cm), 큰 크기군으로 갈수록 난바다곤쟁이류, 요각류와 단각류의 상대중요도지수비는 감소하는 반면, 어류의 상대중요도지수비는 지속적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한, 성장함에 따라 고등어의 평균 먹이생물 개체수는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났으며, 평균 먹이생물 중량 또한 크기군이 증가함에 따라 유의한 차이를 나타냈다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.56-68
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• 2003

The objects of this study are to find out (1) real situation of the food supply in prison under Imperial Government of Japan more cleary (historical meaning) and (2) which might help in understanding wrong present food consumption patterns in Korea which causes environmental as well as health problems. It is generally known that the length of the Japanese occupation for Korea is 36 years. However, it is concluded in this study that it was longer (70 years ; from 1875 to 1945 from when Japanese Army attacked and occupied Yungjongdo and Kanghwado island to e time when they were defeated on World War II.) Korea was annexed by Japan in 1910 then the Imperial Government of Japan dismissed the Korea Army, controlled the Office of Justice and the management of prison by force. Since then about 50% of all land was fell into Japanese Government ownership and 80% of Korean farmers became as tenant. After this change, Korea farmers were forced to pay extremely high rent (up to 80% of its harvest). Forced immigration, low price procurement of grain by Japanese government up to more than 30%of their production, was practiced. Accordingly, the food situation of Korean farmers became miserable, which may caused more violations of Imperial Japanese Law. Malnutrition, epidemic diseases, mortality rate of infants soared and average life expectancy shortened to 20-30 years old. This was the period of World Economic Crises and Food Crises in Japan. It was said then that if one Japanese comes to Korea then 200 Koreans will starved to death. Meanwhile, Proconsul Bureau of Chosun requested to the Department of Medicine, the Imperial University of Kyungsung to survey food supply situation of Koreans in prison throughout Korea. Objectives of the survey then was not only to find out scientifically whether it is agreeable in maintaining prisoner's health and also find out the possibility to save food during food crisis. Survey was started from 1923 and ended in 1945, and it focussed on prisoners in the Seodaemoon Prison. This report is the outcome of the first survey. They concluded that the food supplied was nutritionally (had) no problem, in compare with those of workers in the factory, students in the dormitory in Japan and with those of prisoners in Taiwan, France and Germany. Amount of grain supplied were different according to their work lord and was divided into 9 different levels. Total grain was consisted of 50% millet, 30% soybean and 20% indica rice(variety). However, there were no difference in the amount of supply of side dishes between work groups. For the highest working group, 3280g of boiled grain per day was supplied to make stomach full but as a side dishes, salty fermented bean paste, fermented fish and salty soups, etc. was supplied. Deficiency of animal protein were observed, however, high intake of soybean may possibly caused animal protein deficiency problem. On the contrary, the intake of water soluble vitamins were insufficient but the level of calcium and iron intake seems to be sufficient, however, imbalance of intake of nutrition may caused low absorbtion rate which might caused malnutrition. High intake of dietary fiber and low intake of cholesterol may possibly prohibited them from so called modem disease but may caused the defect in disease resistancy againist epidemics and other traditional disease. Over intake of salt(20-30g per day) was observed. Surveyors who attended in this survey, mentioned that the amount of food intake may nutritionally be sufficient enough but the quality of food(and possibly, the taste of food) were like that of animal feed. For the officials who received this report might consider that considering the war situation and food crisis, the supply situation of food in the prison may considered to be good enough(because they are not starving). But as a Korean who studied this report, one feel extremely pity about those situation because (situation of) those period were very harsh under the Imperial Law and keeping the Law by Koreans were almost impossible, therefore, about one third adult violated the Law and were put into jail. And they were treated like animals.