• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.649-657
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• 2000

The 2-step competition graph of D has the same vertex set as D and an edge between vertices x and y if and only if there exist (x, z)-walk of length 2 and (y, z)-walk of length 2 for some vertex z in D. The 2-step competition number of a graph G is the smallest number k such that G together with k isolated vertices is the 2-step competition graph of an acyclic digraph. Cho, et al. showed that the 2-step competition number of a path of length at least two is two. In this paper, we characterize all the minimal acyclic digraphs whose 2-step competition graphs are paths of length n with two isolated vertices and construct all such digraphs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.389-391
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• 1999

영상 압축 기법에는 여러 가지 알고리즘을 적용되고 있다. 이런 알고리즘들에는 주파수 영역 중복을 제거하기 위한 DCT, 시간 중복성 제거를 위한 움직임 측정, 압축기법에 의해서 만들어진 정보를 부호화하는 VLC들이 있다. 이런 부호화 알고리즘들은 부호화기를 구현하는데 많은 시간을 요구하며 특히 움직임 추정은 부호화기의 절반에 가까운 시간을 소비한다. 움직임 측정 기술의 복잡도는 search algorithm, cost function, search range parameter의 요인으로 나타낼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 Full Search 알고리즘 대신에 three-step 알고리즘을 사용하여 움직임 측정 시간을 줄였다. Full Search 알고리즘은 search area에서 모든 지역에 대해 cost function을 사용하여 이전 블록과 얼마나 유사한지를 조사한다. 따라서 이전 블록과 가장 유사한 부분을 찾는 좋은 방법이지만 그만큼 시간이 많이 사용한다. Three-step 알고리즘은 search area의 일정 지역에 대해 cost function를 사용하여 이전 블록과의 유사성을 찾는 fast 알고리즘이다. Three-step 알고리즘을 사용한 경우 기존의 full search 알고리즘을 사용할 때 보다 60% 정도의 시간이 단축되었다. 그리고 생성되는 압축 데이터의 크기는 full search 알고리즘을 사용할 때 보다 많이 차지한다. 생성되는 H.263파일의 화질에서는 Three-step 알고리즘을 사용한 경우일지라도 full search 알고리즘을 사용한 경우와 거의 비슷한 화질을 보여준다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.672-675
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• 1997

This paper proposes a structure of the control system for the step & scan exposure tool. The step & scan exposure tool is used for the manufacturing process of the semiconductor DRAM memory of giga bit. The control system employs the VME bus instead of the conventional ISA bus so that all control signals and data can be managed separately by the 4 VME-PCs for fast and fault-free flow of signals for multi-tasking. A high speed I/O card is equipped for the real-time monitoring and control of the sub module equipment. Then all the subsystems are integrated and aligned for the operation of the step & scan exposure tool with the VME bus and, I/O card.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2006

This paper proposes a data fusion algorithm of nonlinear multi sensor dynamic systems of synchronous sampling based on filtering step by step. Firstly, the object state variable at the next time index can be predicted by the previous global information with the systems, then the predicted estimation can be updated in turn by use of the extended Kalman filter when all of the observations aiming at the target state variable arrive. Finally a fusion estimation of the object state variable is obtained based on the system global information. Synchronously, we formulate the new algorithm and compare its performances with those of the traditional nonlinear centralized and distributed data fusion algorithms by the indexes that include the computational complexity, data communicational burden, time delay and estimation accuracy, etc.. These compared results indicate that the performance from the new algorithm is superior to the performances from the two traditional nonlinear data fusion algorithms.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.1
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• pp.413-443
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• 1997

In today's hospital-management, information system and the information by it will be a necessary administrative materials of organization with man-power, funds, equipment and resources. This study is for figuring out steps to utilize information-system, an important strategy to grow the hospital applying to the change of surroundings, improving the service for patients, accelerating medical examination, improving it in quality and suggesting a basis be able to manage it effectively by putting information system in practice such as economic effect by shorting time and the effect of medical study by computerizing clinical data. And the result of it is as follows: From the Nolan's 6 step - model about the degree using information system in hospital-management, the 1st group of hospital-size came to 1st and 2nd step, the 2nd group to the 3rd and 4th step and the 3rd group to the 5th and 6th step, which correspond to the survey- results that information system increases with the size of the hospital to propagation, regulation and integration step and that the number of the hospital developing to the step managing information is increasing.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.265-268
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• 2004

In this paper. we propose an adaptive step-size algorithm for the adaptive interference canceller (AIC) in the space-time trellis coded DS-CDMA system. In the AIC, the performance of the blind LMS algorithms that updates the tap-weight vector of the AIC is heavily dependent on the choice of step-size. To improve the performance of the fixed step-size AIC (FS-AIC), the regular adaptive step-size algorithm is extended in complex domain and applied to the joint AIC and ML decoder scheme. Simulation results show that the joint adaptive step-size AIC (AS-AIC) and ML decoder scheme using the proposed algorithm has boner performance than not only the conventional ML decoder but also the joint FS-AIC and ML decoder scheme without much increase of the decoding delay and complexity.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.447-453
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• 2006

This paper proposes that 5 phase step motor drive system has high performance utilizing a micro step control with a current controller. Also this paper proposes an analog current controller to minimize size of the 5 phase step motor drive system. It has better advantages of cost and noise and heating than commercial products. As a result, Applying this system to position control robot the validity of suggested analog current controller and driver system is verified.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 2001

One of the biggest problems of rapid prototyping(RP) technologies lies in their standard file format for CAD data exchange. Current methods using the de facto industry standard 'STL'have at times resulted in problems such as accuracy, redundancy, and integrity. In this paper we propose a STEP based data exchange framework for rapid prototyping systems. In this paradigm of data exchange, STEP models can be imported and converted into faceted B-rep. solid models for visualization and 2-D layer data for RP. Also an STL model, on the other hand, can be converted into a faceted B-rep. STEP model and exported as a new data exchange model with RP information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.484-488
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• 2000

병렬 컴퓨터를 사용하는 경우 하드웨어만으로 모든 것이 해결되지 않으며 병렬처리 기법의 도입이 불가피하다. 효과를 극대화하기 위하여서는 각 병렬 컴퓨터의 하드웨어적인 특징을 극대화할 수 있는 병렬 알고리즘과 병렬 프로그램 등 소프트웨어 개발이 필수적이다. GMRES(Generalized Minimal residual) 방법은 아주 큰 대칭 또는 비대칭 선형시스템의 해를 구하는 반복법 중의 하나로 일반적으로 많이 사용되고 있다. 서로 직교인 벡터를 하나씩 구하는 대신에 선형인 s개의 벡터를 구하고 각 그룹간에는 직교가 되게하는 s-step GMRES 알고리즘은 병렬적 성질을 더 많이 가지고 있다. 이 병렬 알고리즘의 전반부는 이미 개발된 s-step Arnoldi 알고리즘을 이용할 수 있다. s-step GMRES 알고리즘은 message passing 병렬 시스템에서 모든 프로세서들 사이의 자료 교환 시간을 줄임으로써 기존의 GMRES 방법에 비해 훨씬 더 병렬성을 증가시킨다. 본 논문에서는 초병렬 시스템(MPP)인 Cray T3E에서 많은 프로세서를 이용할 경우 개발된 s-step 알고리즘이 기존의 알고리즘에 비하여 얼마나 더 효과적으로 빨리 수행될 수 있는지 분석한다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to find out distribution and contamination sources of hazardous microbes through microbial hazard analysis on the processing steps of surimi-based imitation crab (SBIC). As a results of ananlysis of 9 hazardous microbes for 16 raw materials and 8 processing steps, no Samonella spp. and Escherichia coli were detected in all samples. Level and distribution of hazardous microbes in mixed color were similar to those of surimi. Changes of aerobic plate counts (APC), psychrotropic bacteria, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus showed similar trends at different processing steps. Thermotrophic bacteria and aerobic sporeformers were not detected until mixing step and feeding step, respectively and not reduced after cooking step. According to the comparison of APC at each step, it was suggested that surimi, workers and silent cutter at mixing step, and mixed color, workers and bundler at packaging step were the major contamination sources of bacteria.