• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2008

Some physical properties of rapeseed were measured at five moisture levels of 10.03, 14.91, 20.07, 25.06 and 30.12% (w.b.), which include frictional properties (coefficient of static friction, emptying and filling angle of repose) and aerodynamic properties (terminal velocity and drag coefficient). The physical properties of rapeseed were evaluated as a function of seed moisture content. In the moisture content range, the coefficients of static friction, emptying and filling angle of repose increased linearly with increase of moisture content. The maximum values of coefficients of static friction were on the acrylic surface, varied from 0.34 to 0.43; the next is on the galvanized steel, varied from 0.30 to 0.38; and the minimum were on stainless steel surface, varied from 0.27 to 0.35. Emptying and filling angle of repose varied from 26.12 to 29.62 and 23.83 to 27.05 degrees, respectively. Terminal velocity increased linearly from 3.47 to 3.91 m/s with increase of moisture content. Drag coefficient varied from 1.84 to 1.64 as the moisture content increased. The relationship between drag coefficient and moisture content were expressed by non-linear equation.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.380-387
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• 2016

Present research target to develop the procedure of long-term fatigue analysis of the structural details near the upper rolling chock of IMO type B tank by using the time domain modal analysis technique where both the contact and friction behavior can be accurately simulated. In order to perform the time domain analysis focused on the contact and friction, the entire model of the hull and tank was condensed with DOF reduction technique, which is obtained by transforming the global finite element model into its quasi-static modal coordinate. Modal analysis using the quasi-static deformation modes is chosen as a cost effective time domain simulation method and this is based on the fact that the structural response of the tank is quasi-static. Based on the developed cost effective time domain simulation method, the long-term fatigue analysis procedure for the structural details near the rolling chock and key of independent type tank is targeted to be established. The developed fatigue assessment procedure takes into account, wave induced stress and both contact and friction induced stress without loss of accuracy.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.195-211
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• 2020

Among anti-seismic technologies, base isolation is a very effective means of mitigating damage to structural and nonstructural components, such as equipment. However, most seismic isolation systems are designed for mitigating only horizontal seismic responses because the realization of a vertical isolation system (VIS) is difficult. The difficulty is primarily due to conflicting isolation stiffness demands in the static and dynamic states for a VIS, which requires sufficient rigidity to support the self-weight of the isolated object in the static state, but sufficient flexibility to lengthen the isolation period and uncouple the ground motion in the dynamic state. To overcome this problem, a semi-active VIS, called the piezoelectric inertia-type vertical isolation system (PIVIS), is proposed in this study. PIVIS is composed of a piezoelectric friction damper (PFD) and a leverage mechanism with a counterweight. The counterweight provides an uplifting force in the static state and an extra inertial force in the dynamic state; therefore, the effective vertical stiffness of PIVIS is higher in the static state and lower in the dynamic state. The PFD provides a controllable friction force for PIVIS to further prevent its excessive displacement. For experimental verification, a shaking table test was conducted on a prototype PIVIS controlled by a simple controller. The experimental results well agree with the theoretical results. To further investigate the isolation performance of PIVIS, the seismic responses of PIVIS were simulated numerically by considering 14 vertical ground motions with different characteristics. The responses of PIVIS were compared with those of a traditional VIS and a passive system (PIVIS without control). The numerical results demonstrate that compared with the traditional and passive systems, PIVIS can effectively suppress isolation displacement in all kinds of earthquake with various peak ground accelerations and frequency content while maintaining its isolation efficiency. The proposed system is particularly effective for near-fault earthquakes with long-period components, for which it prevents resonant-like motion.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2012

The parking brake is one of the essential units embedded in track driving motor for forward and backward motion of an excavator. It is composed of multi-friction discs. When the hydraulic motor stops, the multi-friction discs closely stick to the facing discs by acting of multi-spring forces. So, the friction forces generate the braking force by compressing the cylinder barrel of hydraulic motor. In this study, we combined the multi-friction discs to two kinds of spring which have different spring force, and the maximum torque measured at the rotational starting point of hydraulic motor through gradually increasing the rotational torque of load side hydraulic motor by use of 1 and 2 sheets of friction plates. And, under this experimental condition, the maximum coefficient of static friction and the characteristics of paper friction sheet were analyzed. The obtained experimental results will be applied to the design of parking brake system for producing large size excavator in the 85-ton weight class.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.163-172
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• 1998

말뚝의 지지력 거동을 연구하기 위하여 말뚝 제작시 다수의 변형률계를 설치한 2본의 말뚝들에 대하여 항타시에 그리고 항타후 소정의 시간이 경과된 시점에 동재하시험과 정재하시험을 몇 차례 수행하였다. 콘관입저항값 그리고 표준관입저항값과 말뚝의 단위 주면마찰력과의 관계를 규명하기 위해 재하시험전에 시험지반에 대하여 론관입시험과 표준관입시험도 실시하였다. 지지력과 두부침하량 관계를 살펴보면, 0.055D(D: 직경)의 두부침하량에서 전체지지력이 극한에 도달하였고, 이 때에 주면마찰력은 극한간에 도달했으나, 선단지지력은 계속 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 말뚝의 지지력은 항타후 시간이 경과함에 따라 자연대수함수로 증가하였으며, 지지력 성분중 주면마찰력 성분이 항타한 후 40일 경과한 시점에 초기값의 4.6배 정도로 현저하게 증가하였다. 지지력 거동에 대한 시간경과의 영향을 보면, 시험말뚝들은 초기항타시에는 선단지지말뚝으로 거동하다가 시간이 경과하면서 주면마찰 말뚝으로 거동이 변화되었음을 관찰할 수 있었다. 단위 주면마찰력은, 토질분류에 따라 다르지만, 콘관입저항칼(q.)과 표준관입저항값(N)과 일정한 관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 관계상수는 현재 국내에서 사용하고 있는 간보다 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2012

The parking brake embedded in track driving motor for driving an excavator is composed of wet type multi-friction discs. This type parking brake can be designed more compact because the combination of some sheets of friction discs generate great braking power, and also it has good braking characteristic and long life time because it works in the oil. In this study, we analyzed torque characteristic of the parking brake through simulations and performed experiments by use of 3-kinds of paper friction sheet manufactured by different pressing methods. And, we compared the maximum static friction coefficient and torque characteristic with the simulation results and confirmed the optimal manufacturing process through this result.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2015

Friction coefficient of epoxy metal matrix composites were investigated. The main objective was to increase the friction coefficient through rubber sole sliding against the epoxy floor coating providing appropriate level of resistance. This was to avoid the excessive movement and slip accidents. Epoxy metal matrix composites were reinforced by different copper wire diameters. The epoxy metal matrix composites were experimentally conducted at different conditions namely dry, water and detergent wetted sliding, were the friction coefficient increased as the number of wires increased. When the wires were closer to the sliding surface, the friction coefficient was found to increase. The friction coefficient was found to increase with the increase of the copper wire diameter in epoxy metal matrix composites. This behavior was attributed to the fact that as the diameter and the number of wires increased, the intensity of the electric field, generated from electric static charge increased causing an adhesion increase between the two sliding surfaces. At water wetted sliding conditions, the effect of changing number of wires on friction coefficient was less than the effect of wire diameter. The presence of water and detergent on the sliding surfaces decreased friction coefficient compared to the dry sliding. When the surfaces were detergent wetted, the friction coefficient values were found to be lower than that observed when sliding in water or dry condition.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.2050-2058
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• 2000

A method for the inverse dynamic analysis of constrained multibody systems considering friction forces acting on kinematic joints is presented in this paper. The stiction and the sliding which represent zero and non-zero relative motions are considered during the inverse dynamic analysis. Actuating forces to control the position or the orientation of constrained multibody systems are usually calculated in the inverse dynamic analysis. An iterative procedure need to be employed to calculate the actuating forces when the friction is considered. Furthermore, the actuating forces are not uniquely determined during the stiction. These difficulties are resolved by the method presented in this paper.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1998

In this study, behavior of deformation and mechanical properties under static tensile load in friction welded dissimilar materials. and necking phenomenon occuring at yeilding point are shown. Behavior of Hv(Micro Vickers Hardness) is observed that the maximum value is occured near by the interface. and the minimum value is arised at the heat affected zone. Fracture occured at the minimu value of Hv of the heat affected zone is observed. The position of fracture surface is subjected to behavior of Hv. Yielding strength subjected to friction welding conditions, specially to upset pressure is shown.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2002

In this paper, the elevated temperature tensile properties and short-time creep rupture characteristics were investigated for the friction welded joints of dissimilar materials, Cu-1%Cr-0.5%Zr and STS316L. The joining tests on Cu-1%Cr-0.5%Zr/STS316L by friction welding were performed, and optimum joining conditions of the friction welded joints were determined. The characteristics of the elevated temperature tensile strength, hardness, fractographs were examined, and the creep rupture characteristics for the optimum welded joints were investigated under uniaxal static load at 300, 400 and $500^{\circ}C$.