• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2006

This paper presents a torsional micromirror detached from PZT actuators (TMD), whose rotational motion is achieved by push bars in the PZT actuators detached from the micromirror. The push bar mechanism is intended to reduce the bending, tensile and torsional constraints generated by the conventional bending bar mechanism, where the torsional micromirror is attached to the PZT actuators (TMA). We have designed, fabricated and tested prototypes of TMDs for single-axis and dual-axis rotation, respectively. The single-axis TMD generates the static rotational angle of $6.1^{\circ}$ at 16 VDC, which is 6 times larger than that of single-axis TMA, $0.9^{\circ}$. However, the rotational response curve of TMD shows hysteresis due to the static friction between the cover and the push bar in the PZT actuator. We have shown that 63.2% of the hysteresis is due to the static friction caused by the initial contact force of the PZT actuaor. Without the initial contact force, the rotational response curve of TMD shows linear voltage-angle characteristics. The dual-axis TMD generates the static rotational angles of $5.5^{\circ}$ and $4.7^{\circ}$ in x-axis and y-axis, respectively at 16 VDC. The measured resonant frequencies of dual-axis TMD are $2.1\pm0.1$ kHz in x-axis and $1.7\pm0.1$ kHz in y-axis. The dual-axis TMD shows stable operation without severe wear for 21.6 million cycles driven by 16 Vp-p sinusoidal wave signal at room temperature.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5C호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 국내 7개 현장에서 수행한 대구경 현장타설말뚝의 정재하시험 결과값을 이용하여 하중전이 함수식을 제안하였다. 하중전이실험이 수행된 대구경 현장타설말뚝의 정재하시험 결과로 부터 얻어진 축하중 분포도를 이용하여 단위주면 마찰력을 분석하였으며, 단위주면마찰력 자료에 기초하여 지반종류별 하중전이 함수식을 제안할 수 있었다. 단위주면하중전이 함수식에 의해 계산된 축하중분포도와 양방향 말뚝재하시험 시 측정된 축하중분포도를 비교하였다. 그 결과 제안된 하중전이함수에 의해 예측된 축하중분포도는 실험에서 구한 축하중분포도와 비교적 잘 부합되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2003

항타말뚝은 진동과 소음같은 환경적인 문제점이 있다. 특히 대상 토질이 자갈, 호박돌, 풍화암으로 구성되어있다면 항타말뚝의 적용은 불가능하기 때문에 우리나라에서는 현장말뚝의 적용이 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 일반적으로 이론적인 공식에 의한 현장타설말뚝의 지지력은 과소하게 산정되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 제안된 국내외 지지력 산정식과 현장시험을 통한 실측데이터를 비교하기위해 광안대로와 수영 3호교의 암반에 근입된 현장 타설말뚝에 대한 정재하시험을 수행하였으며, 현장타설말뚝의 주변마찰력을 측정하기 위하여 변위계를 설치하였다. 현장시험을 통한 현장타설말뚝의 거동은 반복하중 재하시 완전한 탄성거동을 보였으므로 이는 실제말뚝의 극한지지력에 도달하지 못하였음을 입증한다. 이때 측정된 말뚝의 지지력이 이론식에 의하여 산정된 지지력보다 크게 산정되었다. 또한 실험에서 측정된 결과에 의하면 현장타설말뚝의 주된 지지력이 선단지지력이 아닌 주변마찰저항에 의한 것이라는 것을 보였다. 그리고 이와같은 결과에 의거하여 현장타설말뚝의 설계에 대한 몇가지 제안들을 도출하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Due to climate change and aging of reservoirs, damage to embankment slopes is increasing. However, the safety diagnosis of the reservoir slope is mainly conducted by visual observation, and the time and economic cost are formidable to apply soil mechanical tests and slope stability analysis. Accordingly, this study presented a predicting method for the compaction and strength characteristics of the reservoir embankment soil using a portable static cone penetration test. The predicted items consisted of dry density, cohesion, and internal friction angle, which are the main factors of slope stability analysis. Portable static cone penetration tests were performed at 19 reservoir sites, and prediction equations were constructed from the correlation between penetration resistance data and test results of soil samples. The predicted dry density and strength parameters showed a correlation with test results between R² 0.40 and 0.93, and it was found to replace the test results well when used as input data for slope stability analysis (R² 0.8134 or more, RMSE 0.0320 or less). In addition, the prediction equations for the minimum safety factor of the slope were presented using the penetration resistance and gradient. As a result of comparing the predicted safety factor with the analysis results, R² 0.5125, RMSE 0.0382 in coarse-grained soil, R² 0.4182 and RMSE 0.0628 in fine-grained soil. The results of this study can be used as a way to improve the existing slope safety diagnosis method, and are expected to be used to predict the characteristics of various soils and inspect slopes.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2020

This paper investigates the stability of a three-dimensional (3D) wedge under the pseudo-static action of an earthquake based on the nonlinear Barton-Bandis (B-B) failure criterion. The influences of the mechanical parameters of the discontinuity surface, the geometric parameters of the wedge and the pseudo-static parameters of the earthquake on the stability of the wedge are analyzed, as well as the sensitivity of these parameters. Moreover, a stereographic projection is used to evaluate the influence of pseudo-static direction on instability mode. The parametric analyses show that the stability coefficient and the instability mode of the wedge depend on the mechanical parameter of the rock mass, the geometric form of the wedge and the pseudo-static state of the earthquake. The friction angle of the rock φ_b, the roughness coefficient of the structure surface JRC and the two angles related to strikes of the joints θ₁ and θ₂ are sensitive to stability. Furthermore, the sensitivity of wedge height h, the compressive strength of the rock at the fracture surface JCS and the slope angle α to the stability are insignificant.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.777-796
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• 2016

In this paper, the behavior of woven E-glass fabric composite laminate was experimentally investigated under quasi-static indentation and high velocity impact by flat-ended, hemispherical, conical (cone angle of $37^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$) and ogival (CRH of 1.5 and 2.5) cylindrical perforators. Moreover, the results are compared in order to explore the possibility of extending quasi-static indentation test results to high velocity impact test results in different characteristics such as perforation mechanisms, performance of perforators, energy absorption, friction force, etc. The effects of perforator nose shape, nose length and nose-shank connection shapes were investigated. The results showed that the quasi-static indentation test has a great ability to predict the high velocity impact behavior of the composite laminates especially in several characteristics such as perforation mechanisms, perforator performance. In both experiments, the highest performance occurs for 2.5 CRH projectile and the lowest is related to blunt projectiles. The results show that sharp perforators indicate lower values of dynamic enhancement factor and the flat-ended perforator represents the maximum dynamic enhancement factor among other perforators. Moreover, damage propagation far more occurred in high velocity impact tests then quasi-static tests. The highest damage area is mostly observed in ballistic limit of each projectile which projectile deviation strongly increases this area.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.258-263
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• 2001

In this paper, the real-time prediction of high temperature creep life was carried out for the friction welded joints of dissimilar heat resistintg steels (CulCr0.5Zr-STS316L). Various life prediction methods such as LMP (Larson-Miller Parameter) and ISM (initial strain method) were applied. The creep behaviors of those steels and the welds under static load were examined by ISM combined with LMP at 300, 400 and 50$0^{\circ}C$, and the relationship between these two methods was investigated. A real-time creep life (tsub/r/, hr) prediction equation by initial strain ($\varepsilon_0$, %) under any creep stress ($\sigma$, MP$\alpha$) at any high temperature (T, K) was developed

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2001

When a body including a crack inside is subjected to the compressive forces, the crack is closed and sliding occurs on the crack surfaces. In this work, a subsurface crack subjected to a static compressive load is analyzed with the finite element method considering friction on the crack surface. The friction on the crack surface is assumed to follow the Coulomb friction law, and a numerical method based on the finite element method and iterative method is applied in this work. The result is compared with those of ANSYS and references.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.575-582
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• 2005

Static pile load tests for three instrumented driven steel pipe pies were performed. Based on the distributions of pile axial loads along the pile depth, Characteristics of unit skin friction were analyzed.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.209-218
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• 2012

This paper presents the derivation of an analytical expression for the dynamic active thrust from c-${\phi}$ (c = cohesion, ${\phi}$ = angle of shearing resistance) soil backfill on rigid retaining walls with wall friction and adhesion. The derivation uses the pseudo-static approach considering tension cracks in the backfill, a uniform surcharge on the backfill, and horizontal and vertical seismic loadings. The development of an explicit analytical expression for the critical inclination of the failure plane within the soil backfill is described. It is shown that the analytical expression gives the same results for simpler special cases previously reported in the literature.