• 생물정신의학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.253-258
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• 1999

The fluoxetine is one of the most frequently prescribed drugs for the treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD). This has been known as one of the most safest medication. But since the advent of this drug, there have been several reports of side effects-the mania and suicidal ideation-encountered during coadministration of fluoxetine with or without other psychotropic drugs. We experienced a case of 20 years old male OCD patient who developed into abrupt manic state and also was preoccupied with intense suicidal ideation following fluoxetine use. He was a only child in his family and his father had a history of alcoholism about 15years ago. Our patient's obsessive-compulsive symptoms have been occured since puberty. His OCD symptoms and anxiety were aggravated since joining the army. Beside these facts, we could not find any other psychiatric history such as depressive disoder and bipolar disorder. We used the fluoxetine starting dosage of 20mg and increased to 40mg at second week. About 3 weeks after the treatment, he developed sudden manic symptom and more aggravated suicidal ideation without any OCD symptoms. He felt vitalized and energetic without having enough sleep and food. These symptoms were ceased over two weeks by stopping medication. Up to this point, the reason why fluoxetine induces mania and suicidal preoccupation is unclear. But somehow the fluoxetine has effects on serotonin receptor and serotonin-dopamine regulations, thus we could make an assumption that fluoxetine can induce mania, extrapyramidal symptoms(EPS) and suicidal ideation in some part of the serotonin unbalanced patients. We think this would be the first report to remark on fluoxetine's suicidal and manic side effects in Korea. So here we present the case with the summary of reviewed articles.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2005

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperament and character profiles of the patients with posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) after burn injury. Methods:The study subjects consisted of 23 PTSD patients after burn injury, 24 patients not being diagnosed as PTSD after burn injury(non-PTSD) and 53 healthy controls. The assessment of PTSD was performed using clinician administered PTSD scale. All participants were instructed to complete the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI), the Beck Depression Inventory and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory of Spielberger. Results:The PTSD group after burn injury, compared with the non-PTSD group and the normal controls, had the higher novelty seeking and harm avoidance scores. But there were no differences in other dimensions in the TCI among the three groups. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that the PTSD group after burn injury showed the specific properties of temperament and character compared with the non-PTSD group and the normal group.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2008

Objective: There are many meditation methods used in clinical field. But the effect of meditation may be different to people's mind, and meditation itself. Now we investigate this subject with two different meditation methods which has been analyzed by heart rate variability. Method: We tried to check people's heart rate who educated meditation, before educated and during the meditation. The meditation was educated differently for each group. One is the auto genes traning, and the other is the imaginary meditation by thinking about eating and smelling favorite fruits. All of them are used to oriental psychiatry clinic patients. And we simultaneously conduct people's emotional state by SCL-90-R. Result: The result in Autogene traning group has significant difference in total power and HRV-index score between before and during the training but in imaginary meditation group has no significance: Autogene traning group has a significance in low frequency score and has increased tendency with increasing tendency of Heart rate index and Total power. Through the SCL-90-R score, the higher depression t-score, the anxiety t-score, and the hostility score is, the HRV scores such as total power, low frequency, and HRV-index much increase. and so on. Conclusion: We can guess that the Autogenes training has more significant effect than the imaginary meditation. And we can also guess that as the emotional problem is getting more severe, the effect of meditation would be much better. And we finally suggest that we should make a standard guideline of imaginary meditation, cause the imaginary meditation has so many variation.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.168-181
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identified patterns of studies and to analyze the nursing research related to the massage intervention in Korea and to improve direction of nursing research in massage intervention in Korea. Methods: The research studies related to the massage were selected from the Korean Nurses Academic Society Journal and dissertation which were conducted experimental research design the last 7 years in Korea. The total numbers of the studies were 58. Result: The study subjects were post operational state in 34.5%, healthy adult in 17.2% studies. The others dealt with infant, cancer, dementia, hypertension, preterm neonates, elderly. Types of massage were whole body in 31.1%, foot in 22.6%, hand in 17.2%, back in 13.8% studies. And Meridian massage in 17.2%. Length of massage was below 5 minutes in 17.2%, 6~10 minutes in 29.4% and 11~20 minutes in 32.8% studies. Frequency of massage was only 1 time in 25.9%, 2~5 times in 31.1% studies. Massage produced psychological and physiological effects. Positive psychologic effects were anxiety relief, pain relief, mood enhancement and fatigue relief. Positive physiologic effects on body systems were blood pressure, heart rate, edema, skin temperature, immune system, blood glucose, excretion, PMS syndrome and growth and development. Conclusion: As a result, effects of massage were almost positive. Therefore massage is useful alternative nursing intervention. But more attention research is needed to identify the objectivity instrument to measure and repeat research.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Self-foot reflexology (SFR) on the hypertension of workers. The purpose of the research was to evaluate: levels of knowledge, physical and emotional condition, work stress and fatigue on the hypertension of employees in the workplace. Quasi-experimental study was designed in the setting of a nonequivalent control and experimental Group applied by the pre and post test. The total subjects undertaken in the study were total of 34 employees working in three companies in Seoul. The SFR program was consisted of 6 phases. There were 2 minutes for preparation, 4 minutes for slow down, 26 minutes for base reflex, symptoms of a disease reflex and excretion reflex stimulation. Finally, there was 20 minutes relaxation in a comfortable posture and drinking hot water after blood pressure was checked in the order. This program was running 55 minutes a day everyday three times a week during the entire 8 week course. The finding showed blood pressure was reduced significantly. Moreover, the level of total cholesterol. high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, depression, work stress, and fatigue were decreased in the study. But, they were not statistically significant except as it related to Group comparisons in time. The level of state anxiety was statistically significant between 2 Groups, but not in the time comparison of both Groups. As a summary of the study results, the SFR program was regarded as contributing to the physical and emotional promotion of employees. It had partially increased body circulations of functional organ related to the SFR sites. And, it improved relaxation of physical and mental condition through energy movement 'Chi'. Therefore, the SFR technique should be considered as an effective skill of a nursing program. Furthermore, it can be newly adopted as a nursing curriculum as a part of alternative treatment. However, it still needed to testify its effects through the review study.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2004

신경심장학의 발전으로 중추신경 활성이 심장의 전기적 활동도에 미치는 영향이 밝혀지고 있고, 심박동수변이(Heart rate variability, HRV)가 정신적 스트레스와 심혈관질환의 기계적 연관성을 나타내는 중요한 지표로 제기되고 있다. HRV란 자율신경계의 정상적 상호작용에 의해 나타나는 생리적인 심박수 변동을 타나내며, 자율신경 기능을 정량화하여 측정할 수 있는 방법론이다. 분석 방법은 시간 영역 분석과 주파수 영역 분석으로 나눌 수 있으며, 측정 시간대에 따라 단기간 측정과 24시간 측정 등의 방법이 확립되어 있다. 임상적으로는 변이 정도, 교감신경과 부교감신경의 활성과 균형도를 파악하여 다양한 질환과 스트레스 등의 진단과 치료 및 예후 판정에 활용되고 있다. HRV를 이용한 바이오피드백도 최근 자율신경 관련 질환의 치료에 활용되고 있다. 향후 다양한 프로토콜의 개발과 임상적 적용이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.26-36
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 방임 및 학대경험이 청소년의 정서문제에 미치는 영향에 대한 자아존중감의 조절효과를 검증하는 것이며, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청소년의 방임수준보다 학대경험 수준이 높았으며, 일반적 특성인 성별, 주관적 가정형편이 청소년의 정서문제에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 방임과 학대경험 수준이 높은 청소년은 정서문제인 우울수준, 사회적 위축, 공격성, 신체증상 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 방임 및 학대경험이 청소년의 정서문제에 미치는 영향에 대한 자아존중중감의 강력한 조절 효과를 가지지는 못하지만, 학대경험과 정서문제 간에 응답자의 자아존중감 평균을 중심으로 높은 집단과 낮은 집단은 기울기 검정 결과 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과 방임 및 학대경험 청소년이 정서 문제에 미치는 영향 간에 부정적 정서 상태를 감소시킬 수 있는 강력한 변인에 대한 연구의 필요성에 대해 후속연구로 제언하고자 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.448-460
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate risk factors for senile dementia as well as care givers' stresses and thier needs for nursing care. It was done using a retrospective survey. A convenience sample or In senile dementia patients and l20 nor-mal elders in a rural area was used. The tools used in the study were the MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea) for dementia screening test and a questionaire developed by the research team. Data were collected through home visits by Com-munity Health Practitioners. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, and Chi-square test. The findings are as follows : 1. There were significant differences in age, marital status, and religions between the two groups. 2. There was a significant difference in smoling behavior between the two groups. 3. There was a significant difference in past his-tory of cancer between groups. 4. There was a significant difference in past and present elderftmily relationship between the two groups. 5. There were significant differences in intellectual activities, assuming major role in family and seeking other's help in daily life troubles between the two groups. 6. There were significant differences in stress factors such as child problem, family conflict, health problem and illegal behavior between the two groups. 7. The major problems out by families in caring for dementia patient were catastrophic reactions, dirtiness, mood change, devouring and tremor. The most serious problems faced by families was dirtiness. with catastrophic reactions, sleep distrubance, changeableness, and a suspcio-usness following. The care givers expressed chronic fatigue, anxiety, tension, depression, disorder in daily life, shamefulness, blame from neighbours and guiltiness. 8. There is need for geriatric hospitals, nursing homes, burden sharing, and counselling or education for family care givers. A replicate study in the urban area is recommended to validate the findings of this study. To explore the impact of stress in life and ‘han’ on senile dementia, a qualitative study is recommended.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.727-734
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to obtain the information of the home treatment state for children with delayed development and to identify stress and coping pattern in mothers of the children. Data were collected from 211 mothers of delayed developmental children(DDC) by means of structured questionnaires. The results of this study were that in the home treatment mothers had technical insufficiencies to treat their children. so they had a difficulties in treating their children at home. But the home treatment were effective and mothers were assisted by their family and others in their treatment. The mothers had stress by anxiety of prognosis. hurts, responsibility, technical insufficiencies and negligent in housework. And acquisition of home treatment technique, the existence of assistant, and emotion in treatment also influenced on stress in the mother. The coping pattern in the stress were regular medical examination. communication with medical team and other mothers with DDC, faith of recovery and treatment. confidence in home treatment, family coorperation. and leisure time without concern for treatment. The younger mother received the more help from other mothers with DDC. And the mothers with severe, complex DDC had the more help from faith of recovery. Regular medical examination and faith of recovery were helpful coping pattern in mothers who had no treatment skill. Confidence in family coorperation and leisure time without concern for treatment were particularly helpful in mothers whose treatment duration is longer, and home treatment was not effective.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4415-4419
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• 2013

Background: Measuring effects of cancer on family caregivers is important to develop methods which can improve their quality of life (QOL). Nevertheless, up to now, only a few tools have been developed to be used in this group. Among those, the Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer Scale (CQOLC) has met minimum psychometric criteria in different populations in spite of conflicting results. The present study was conducted to evaluate reliability and validity of CQOLC among Turkish cancer family caregivers. Materials and Methods: The CQOLC was administered to 120 caregivers, along with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Medical Outcomes Study MOS 36- Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Internal consistency and test-retest stability were used to investigate reliability. Construct validity was examined by using known group method, convergent, and divergent validity. For the known group method, we hypothesized that CQOLC scores would differ between depressed and non-depressed subjects. We investigated convergent validity by correlating scores for CQOLC with scores for other similar measures including SF-36 and STAI. The MSPSS was completed at the same time as CQOLC to provide divergent validity. Results: The values for internal consistency and test-retest correlation were 0.88 and 0.96, respectively. The CQOLC discriminated those who were depressed from those who were not. Convergent validity supported strong correlations between CQOLC scores and two main component scores (PCS, MCS) in SF-36 although there was a weak correlation between CQOLC and STAI scores. Regarding divergent validity, the correlation between CQOLC and MSPSS was in the low range, as expected. Conclusions: The Turkish CQOLC is a reliable and valid tool and it can be utilized to determine QOL of family caregivers.