• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.13-22
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to develop pattern and grading method of slacks of adults women of standard somatotype to prove fitness of lower body shape. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. the 4 pattern were compared by the sensory evaluation to choose which one is more appropriate to this research. The slacks pattern developed by modification from L method. 2. The results of the sensory evaluation have down that the new slacks pattern have better fit than the traditional pattern. 3. The standard sized patterns were graded using Moonwha grading rule as a traditional one and the new grading rule. The new grading rule was developed by fitting the slacks which were made by traditional grading rule. 4. The results of the sensory evaluation have down that the slacks made by the new grading rule developed in this work have better fit than the ones made by the traditional grading rule.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.23-31
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• 2007

This study was conducted to reproduce the four-piece bodice pattern of a ladies' costume of the 1890's for Korean women in their twenties with a standard body type and average size. Eighteen four-piece bodice patterns of the ladies' costume of the 1890's were collected and drawn to actual size. The front width of the bodice was wider than the back width. The front bust line of the bodice was wider than the sum of the back bust line, the side back bust line and the under-arm gore bust line. The front waist line of the bodice was wider than the sum of the back waist line, the side back waist line and the under-arm gore waist line. The angles of the two waist darts of the bodice were very big but the legs of the dart were too short. The center front line of the bodice was oblique and curved. The angle of the back shoulder line of the bodice was bigger than the angle of front shoulder line. The shoulder seam line of the bodice was not placed on the top of the shoulder but behind the shoulder. The pattern characteristics of the bodice created a woman's silhouette that emphasized the volume of the bust, a chicken breast and a slim waist. The study pattern which had the characteristics of the four-piece bodice of the 1890's was designed like for Korean women in their twenties who have a standard body type and an average size through modifications based on the evaluation of two dressing occasions. The study pattern was evaluated to have the silhouette of the 1890's and to fit Korean women.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.469-480
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate using of herbal medicine based on pattern identification of symptoms, such as Qi deficiency pattern, Yin deficiency pattern, Phlegm -dampness pattern, Static blood pattern, Fire-heat pattern. These patterns settled by Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke in 2005. This study was done with 177 patients in Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital in the period of November 2006 to July 2007. Among the five types of pattern identification, Phlegm -dampness pattern showed significantly high frequency especially in 3 weeks after stroke. The sort of herbal medicine was 43 and Dodamhwalhyoel-tang(26.61%), Sunhwanki 1 hobang(14.52%), Banhabaekchulcheonma-tang(4.84%), Ansinchongnoi-tang(4.84%), Chongryuldodam-tang(4.03%) were most frequently used. Especially Dodamhwalhyoel-tang showed significantly high frequency in 2 weeks after stroke. Based on these results, it is suggested that more practical Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke would be established through continuous clinical studies by giving weight on relationship between herbal medicine and pattern identification.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the cutting mechanism of the reciprocating knife of combine harvester. The cutting operation of reciprocating knife was demonstrated through the cutting pattern diagram which was drawn by computer graphics. Various kinds and dimensions of standard-type reciprocating knives were analyzed by the developed program. The results are summarized as follows : (1) For the 50mm standard reciprocating knife, the bunching area and the maximum stalk-deflection were decreased rapidly according to the increase of cutting velocity ratio by 1.0 and decreased very slowly over this ratio. But, the secondary cut was occurred at ratio of 1.0 and increased rapidly over this ratio. (2) The 76mm standard knife showed better cutting mechanism than the 50mm, in two respects : the larger cutting area per one stroke and the lower revolutional speed of crank shaft for the same cutting velocity. (3) In respect to the bunching area and the secondary cutting length, the adequate height of 50mm standard reciprocating knife was 45~50mm. (4) In order to maintain the proper cutting mechanism, the adequate cutting velocity at forward speed of 0.5㎧ to 1.2m/s was from 0.4m/s to 1.2m/s for the standard knife.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.190-200
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to suggest the standard process in developing Questionnaire of Pattern Identification (QPI). The process in developing QPI was researched from validated and developed questionnaire and the standard process in developing QPI was suggested through review of the experts in research, statistics and clinics. Check list was also provided. The number of QPI reviewed in this research was 17(4 in disease in Korea Medicine, 5 in Pathological symptoms, 6 in Sasang constitutional Diagnosis, and 2 in etc), The standard process in developing QPI consisted of 11 phage and 33 check lists. 1) Composition of Research Member(3check lists), 2)Set up of the Aim(5), 3) Review for advanced research(3), 4) Finding an Important Index(3), 5) Review of item selection(4), 6) Developing the questions using items(5), 7) Developing Draft of Questionnaire(2), 8) 1^st Survey of Reliability and Validity(2), 9) Revision and Correction of Item(1), 10) 2^st Survey of Reliability and Validity(2), 11) Completion and Application(3). This study suggests the standard process in developing QPI for the first time in Korea. This following step may help A new QPI development.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.487-496
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical frequency and priority of five pattern identification settled by Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Sign for Stroke. The present study was done over 177 hospitalized patient with stroke in the Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital in the period of November 2006 to July 2007. Stroke patients had been interviewed by residents and specialists who studied standard operation procedures in Fundamental study for Standardization and Objectification of Differentiation and Pattern Identification of Syndrome of Oriental Medicine for Stroke. In Heat-transformation pattern group, men showed significantly high frequency and in Deficiency of Gi pattern group, women showed significantly high frequency. In Heat-transformation pattern group, the indicators such as 'aversion to heat during fever', 'flushed face', 'full and rapid pulse', 'dryness of the eyes, 'yellow coating of the tongue', 'feverishness of the limbs', 'dryness of the eyes' showed significantly high frequency. In Dampphlegm syndrome group, the indicators such as 'white coating of the tongue', 'yellowish face', 'thick coating of the tongue', 'wheezing in the throat with sputum', 'swollen tongue', 'slippery pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Gi pattern group, the indicators such as 'pale tongue', 'lassitude', 'pale face', 'weakness pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Eum group, the indicators such as 'short and rapid pulse', 'mirror-like tongue' showed significantly high frequency. For more sensitive Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke, Large scale study is to be done, giving weight on the important indicators.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.68-84
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• 2017

Objectives: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by ovulatory disorder, polycystic ovaries and clinical or laboratory hyperandrogenemia, also associated with an increased risk of various other long-term complications. The purpose of this study is to develop a standard instrument of pattern identifications in Korean medicine for PCOS. Methods: We retrieved the patterns and symptoms from Korean and Chinese literatures which mentioned pattern identifications of PCOS. In order to develop the instrument, we took the consultation from the advisor committee based on the collected informations from literatures. Finally the questionnaire of pattern identification for PCOS was developed. Results: 1) 5 pattern identifications and 53 symptoms and signs were selected from 20 references. 2) We obtained the mean weights which reflected the standard deviations from each symptom of the pattern by 15 experts. 3) We designed the Korean medicine Instrument on pattern identification for PCOS. It was composed of 61 questions, 44 of patient-reported format and 17 of assessor-reported format. Conclusions: Instrument of pattern identification for PCOS was developed through experts' discussion. Further study is required to identify the validity and reliability of this pattern identification instrument for PCOS.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.97-109
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• 2001

It is thought that a composition of trousers is related to fabrics with single breadth. Therefore, trousers are designed with pattern using this fabrics with single breadth. However, in the old pattern of trousers, the breadth of 33cm-35cm was not considered in designing patterns. In this context, deciding which pattern design is better is not easy as there are a variety of estimation methods. So in this study, standardization of drafting is pursued by an objective pattern design. For this, a base angle of the trouser closely relating to a form and function was measured and using the height and the base angle, a trouser pattern design was tried. For a measurement of the base angle, 5 subject were selected. They are 25-29 year-old male graduates with fine physical standard. The base angle was measured with symphysis pubis point as a standard when subjects sat with their legs crossed, when they stood with their legs open (not forced artificially) and when they laid down with their legs open. The distance between a knee inside joint and knees was measured three times and the resultant value was used for the pattern design. For a design of trousers, the height was applied and the base angle was fixed. As a pattern drawing, using the height, a base angle and circumference of the hip, a trouser was designed. The production method for the pattern design is as follow: (1) The length formula, is height + $\frac{height}{2}$ (2) The hip girth formula is $\frac{hipgirth}{2}$ - $\frac{hipgirth}{20}$(3) A crotch angle is fixed at $72^{\circ}$. (4) The ratio of outer leg length to leg width is 5 : 8. (5) The component ratio of the upper outer leg length to the pant length is 5 : 8. (6) The ratio of the division point of front right inner leg length and left inner width to upper outer leg length is 5 : 8.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.435-450
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to develop a standard tool for pattern identifications in Korean Medicine for depression. Methods: The advisor committee for this study was organized by 15 Korean Medicine neuropsychiatry professors from 11 Colleges of Korean Medicine. The items and structure of the tools were based on reviews of published literature. In order to develop the tool, we took the consultation from discussions with the advisor committee twice and also incorporated additional advices from e-mail correspondences. Results: 1) We divided the symptoms and signs of depression into 11 pattern identifications. 2) We obtained the mean weights which reflected the standard deviations from each symptoms of the 11 pattern identifications which were scored on a 100-point scale by 15 experts. 3) We designed the Korean medicine pattern identification tool for depression. It was composed of 66 questions in the question- and-answer format. Conclusions: There are some points which should be considered in this study. First, we couldn't reach a complete agreement on the concept of 11 patterns. Second, each pattern identification has a different number of symptoms and signs. In addition, the items of symptoms and signs of each pattern identification are unequal. Third, as we did not set any clinical trials when using this tool, it was not possible to test its validity and reliability. Although there are some limits in this study, the development of pattern identification tools for depression through discussions with the advisor committee is meaningful. If the validity and reliability of the Korean Medicine pattern identification tools for depression are confirmed through clinical trial,s this tool is expected to be applied to the subsequent researches in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.157-170
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a standard instrument of diagnosis and assessment for spleen qi deficiency pattern. Methods: Reports published in Korea and China related to spleen qi deficiency pattern were selected. Assessments of selected references were performed to select major symptoms of spleen qi deficiency pattern. Korean translation and review by a Korean linguist were performed to create a draft of [Standard instrument of diagnosis and assessment for spleen qi deficiency (for subject)]. The final [Standard instrument of diagnosis and assessment for spleen qi deficiency (for subject)] was completed after assessment on inclusion or exclusion, on importance of items and on validity of translation by an expert committee, consisting of professors from the National College of Korean Medicine. Results & Conclusions: 1. 14 major symptoms were selected by frequency from 45 references which were related to standard identification of spleen qi deficiency pattern, translated into Korean and reviewed by a Korean linguist. 2. 11 symptoms were selected after assessment on inclusion yes or no by the expert group. Items were listed in order of importance: tiredness of extremities (肢体倦怠), sallow complexion (面色萎黃), reduced appetite (食欲减退), abdominal distension after eating (腹胀食後尤甚), inability to eat (納少), pale tongue and white fur (舌淡苔白), lethargy (神疲), emaciation (消瘦), loose stool (大便溏薄), shortness of breath and reluctance to speak (少氣懶言), and weak pulse (脈緩弱). 3. Final [Standard instrument of diagnosis and assessment for spleen qi deficiency (for subject)] was completed after assessment of translation validity, reflection of individual opinions by the expert committee, and application of weighted value computed from assessment on importance of items.