• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2001

The performance analysis of an electronic equipment test is very complicate due to the variety o vehicles. In this study, automatic design system for the electronic equipment test has been carried out using the standard load patterns. For the test, standard signal patterns for each item are modeled. The test items can be decided by the user by means of these patterns. Also, engineering software modules are developed and proved to be very efficient for analyzing the test results statistically. Experiments are performed for the test system in the vehicle assembly line. By analyzing the test results, it is found that bad samples can be detected without failure. Also, the engineering software modules provide an analytical tool for the automation of the test process.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2008

국내의 경우 일반적인 2차로 도로터널은 시공경험 및 축적된 제반자료가 풍부하여 표준적인 지보패턴이 제시되고 있으나, 2-Arch 도로터널의 경우 아직 시공경험 및 계측자료가 부족하여 특정지형 및 암질에 대해 별도의 발파설계와 해석을 통해 선정한 지보패턴을 표준적으로 적용하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 2-Arch 도로터널의 설계 및 시공시 적용되고 있는 표준지보패턴에 대하여 하중분담률 및 편토압에 따른 거동을 분석하고 발파진동이 중앙벽체에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 적용된 지보재의 적정성 여부를 검토하였다. 그 결과 표준지보패턴에 적용되는 지보량은 적정한 것으로 나타났으나, 이는 특정지형 및 암질 조건을 고려하여 해석 후 선정된 것으로, 향후 2-Arch 도로터널의 설계 및 시공시 최종적인 표준지보패턴 선정은 대상 터널의 지형조건, 토질조건, 시공조건 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 결정되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2016

Understanding load patterns and customer classification is a basic step in analyzing the behavior of electricity consumers. To achieve that, there have been many researches about clustering customers' daily load data. Nowadays, the deployment of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and big-data technologies make it easier to study customers' load data. In this paper, we study load clustering from the view point of yearly and daily load pattern. We compare four clustering methods; K-means clustering, hierarchical clustering (average & Ward's method) and DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise). We also discuss the relationship between clustering results and Korean Standard Industrial Classification that is one of possible labels for customers' load data. We find that hierarchical clustering with Ward's method is suitable for clustering load data and KSIC can be well characterized by daily load pattern, but not quite well by yearly load pattern.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권11호
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• pp.1536-1541
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• 2018

For effective electricity consumption in urban railway station such as peak load shaving, it is important to know each electrical load pattern by various usage. The total electricity consumption in the urban railway substation is already measured in Korea, but the electricity consumption for each usage is not measured. The author proposed the deep learning method to estimate the electrical load pattern for each usage in the urban railway substation with public data such as weather data. GRU (gated recurrent unit), a variation on the LSTM (long short-term memory), was used, which aims to solve the vanishing gradient problem of standard a RNN (recursive neural networks). The optimal model was found and the estimation results with that were assessed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권5호
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• pp.419-437
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• 2023

The use of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls (SW) as an efficient lateral load-carrying system has gained recent attention. However, creating openings in RC shear walls is unavoidable due to architectural requirements. This reduces the walls' strength and stiffness, resulting in the development of wall piers. In this study, the cyclic behavior of RC shear walls with openings, reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets in various patterns, was numerically investigated. Finite element analysis (FEA) using ABAQUS software was employed. Additionally, the retrofitting of sub-standard buildings (5, 10, and 15-story structures) designed based on the old and new versions of the Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic-Resistant Structures was evaluated. Nonlinear static analyses, specifically pushover analyses, were conducted on the structures. The best pattern of CFRP wrapping was determined and utilized for retrofitting the sub-standard structures. Various structural parameters, such as load-carrying capacity, ductility, stress contours, and tension damage contours, were compared to assess the efficiency of the retrofit solution. The results indicated that the load-carrying capacity of the sub-standard structures was lower than that of standard ones by 57%, 69%, and 67% for 5, 10, and 15-story buildings, respectively. However, the retrofit solution utilizing CFRP showed promising results, enhancing the capacity by 10-25%. The retrofitted structures demonstrated increased yield strength, ultimate strength, and ductility through CFRP wrapping and effectively prevented wall slipping.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2009

매년 발생하는 태풍이나 강풍에 의해 저층건물의 피해가 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 편지붕에 대한 높이변화에 따른 위치별 풍압계수 분포와 하중부담면적 변화에 따른 풍압계수의 평가를 통하여 현재 풍하중기준과 비교해보고자 한다. 편지붕의 위치별 특징을 알아보기 위해 6개 영역으로 나누어서 분석을 하였으며 지붕에서 각도가 높은(high)모서리 (HC)가 낮은 (low)모서리(LC) 보다 25%정도 크게 나타나고 있었다. AIK하중기준과 위치별 리크 외압계수 분포가 동일한 양상으로 나타나고 있지만 실험결과 HC 영역의 경우 하중기준보다 40%정도 작은 값을, LC영역의 경우 하중기준보다 37%정도 큰 값을 나타내고 있었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2000

In this experimental program specimens. designed by the test variables, such as percentage of steel fiber incorporated, were constructed and tested to evaluate the flexural performance of reinforced steel fiber concrete beams. Based on the test results reported in this study, the following conclusions are made. Comparing with the load-displacement relationship of standard specimen, specimen over 0.5% of steel fiber incorporated, could be improved significantly flexural performance, such as capacity, ductility, and crack pattern. As increasing in quantity of steel fiber incorporated(0.5%~2.0%), the flexural strength of each specimen was shown the enhancement of 13%~40% in comparision with the standard specimen BSS.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1379-1383
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• 2005

Introducing the market into the electricity industry lets the multiple participants get into new competition. These multiple participants of the market need new business strategies for providing value added services to customer. Therefore they need the accurate customer information about the electricity demand. Demand characteristic is the most important one for analyzing customer information. In this study load profile data, which can be collected through the Automatic Meter Reading System, are analyzed for getting demand patterns of customer. The load profile data include electricity demand in 15 minutes interval. An algorithm for clustering similar demand patterns is developed using the load profile data. As results of classification, customers are separated into several groups. And the representative curves for the groups are generated. The number of groups is automatically generated. And it depends on the threshold value for distance to separate groups. The demand characteristics of the groups are discussed. Also, the compositions of demand contracts and standard industrial classification in each group are presented. It is expected that the classified curves will be used for tariff design, load forecasting, load management and so on. Also it will be a good infrastructure for making a value added service related to electricity.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.2055-2061
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• 2009

고장력볼트 마찰이음에서 모재 및 덮개판을 과대공 제작하였을 경우 연결부의 내하력에 다소의 변화가 발생 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 고장력볼트 마찰이음에서 표준공과 과대공에 따라 미끄럼하중과 미끄럼계수의 변화를 파악하기 위하여 정적인장시험을 실시하였다. 정적인장시험결과 모재 및 덮개판의 과대공 제작에 따라 미끄럼계수의 변화가 다소 발생하였으나 이를 정형화시키기에는 다소 무리가 따랐으며, 미끄럼강도는 표준공 제작시의 값과 과대공제작시의 값이 최대 26%의 차이를 나타내었다. 그러나 이는 설계미끄럼강도를 초과하기 때문에 사용하중하에서 연결부의 사용성에 미치는 영향이 미약하므로 강부재 제작시 부득이하게 발생할 수 있는 과대공에 따른 규정을 보다 유연하게 적용시킨다면 구조물의 설계 및 시공시 효율성과 경제성 증대의 효과가 기대된다고 판단되었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.63-66
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• 2005

Six RC pier were tested under a constant axial load and a cyclically reversed horizontal load to investigate the performance of RC piers used in the high strength concrete and the high strength rebar. It is designed with a hollow section according to the Korean Bridge Design Standard. The variables of the test were concrete strength, rebar strength, a ratio of lap splice and a ratio of transvere rebar. The test results show that the performance of a RC Pier; failure mode, crack pattern, maximum load and ductility.