• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

Herbal medicines have been used since the dawn of civilization to maintain health and to treat diseases. Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading cause of death in many developed countries. The incidence of diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate in India. It was estimated that India which had 19.4 million diabetes in 1995 is expected to register a near threefold increase by. Many plants reported to be useful for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in ayurvedic medicine, are being tested for their hypoglycemic activity in experimental animals Lagerstroemia flos- reginae is one such plant commonly found as shade trees in Kerala. In Ayurveda both root and leaves are used in the treatment of diabetes. The main objective of this study was to assess the antidiabetic effect of the alcohol extracted leaves of Lagerstroemia flos- reginae in alloxan induced diabetic rats in terms of controlling blood glucose level, lipid profile, bilirubin, uric acid in serum and lipid peroxides and glutathione in the liver of the experimental animals. The present study has been undertaken to observe the protective effect of the active constituents of Lagerstroemia flos- reginae leaf extracts against alloxan induced diabetes in experimental animal model. The activity of the active constituents was compared with Daonil -a standard drug.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.326-334
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• 2011

This paper outlines the time jitter effect of a sampling clock on a software-defined radio technology-based digital intermediate frequency (IF) transceiver for a mobile communication base station. The implemented digital IF transceiver is reconfigurable to high-speed data packet access (HSDPA) and three bandwidth profiles: 1.75 MHz, 3.5 MHz, and 7 MHz, each incorporating the IEEE 802.16d worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) standard. This paper examines the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) characteristics of a digital IF transceiver with an under-sampling scheme and the sampling jitter effect on a multichannel orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal. The simulation and experimental results show that the SNR of the OFDM system with narrower band profiles is more susceptible to sampling clock jitter than systems with relatively wider band profiles. Further, for systems with a comparable bandwidth, HSDPA outperforms WiMAX, for example, a 5 dB error vector magnitude improvement at 15 picoseconds time jitter for a bandwidth of WiMAX 3.5 MHz profile.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 2014

In architecture projects, BIM library has widely been using for prefabrication of products and design process. However, since the shape of structures is different by each project in civil engineering projects and a shape representation system is complicated, it is not easy to develop a standardized BIM library. To solve these issues, this study develops BIM library based on standardized 2D shop drawings for civil structures. The standardized shop drawings, which are the targets of the BIM library model, should be first selected. Besides, in order to define modeling scope with the level of general and shop drawings for each structure, LOD(Level of Detail) and breakdown structure are determined, and development methods of families of 3D object type including 2D profile and rebar through commercial software are established. With these, properties of BIM library are configured, and a utilization model of the BIM libraries is constructed for 3D modeling and a simulation using the BIM library. Therefore, this study can identify properties that are necessary when IFC schema is configured for civil engineering projects. For future, it is expected that easiness of BIM design for the civil engineering projects and generation, management, and analysis system of BIM library for road projects will be secured.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.45-52
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• 2007

The demographic profile of the households will shift towards the 'older elderly'. There are need upgrading existing housing and new housing in aspect of floor plan, accessories, facilities and so on. The government should prepare the policy and standards of housing design for the aged and disabled in order to improving the residents' housing conditions. The purpose of this study is to compare Korean to foreign guidelines related to residential design for the elderly and disabled and find out the characteristics of our standards. It was accomplished by literature research. The results were as follows. There is disagreements between domestic standards over the clear door opening, the clear hallways and handrails at entrance. And the foreign standards are based on their wheelchair size, ours are founded on it's size which specified only maximum overall dimensions. So ours are seem to be lack of accuracy. Our standard of stairs is in details in comparison with other space components. But ours don't go into details than foreign ones over length of hand-rails, riser etc. And for recommendations denoting minimum and maximum height of various component, it should be preceded the specific survey on limits of reaching ability for the elderly and disabled.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.453-462
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• 2002

Discrete-sizing or standardized steel profiles are used in steel design and construction practice. However, most of numerical optimization methods follow additional step(round-up discrete-sizing routine) to use the standardized steel section profiles, and accordingly the optimality of the resulting design nay be doubtful. Thus, in this paper, an efficient multi-level optimization algorithm is proposed to improve the shortcoming of the conventional optimization methods using the round-up discrete-sizing routine. Also, multi-level optimization technique with a decomposition method that separates both system-level and element-level is incorporated in the algorithm to enhance the performance of the proposed algorithms. The proposed algorithm is expected to achieve considerable improvement on both the efficiency of the numerical process and the accuracy of the global optimum.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to assess the skeletal characteristics of the maxillofacial norms and the interpretation of craniofacial relations in korean adults by applying the Ricketts Analysis. The factors of the applied lateral cephalometric measurements were composed of the 10 factor analysis (Summary Analysis) and 7 internal structures to be suggested by Ricketts. Lateral cephalograms were obtained from 60 subjects over 21 years old, that consisted of 30 males and 30 females with normal occlusion, acceptable profile. The results were as follows : 1. The tables of means, standard deviations in each item and sex were made. 2. The author performed whether there was significance(P<0.05) between the registered male and female's measurement in each item..

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.789-794
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• 2008

Recently, much attention has been paid in the field of defrosting because clear windshield in vehicle without effecting the thermal comfort is realized essentially. Then in winter, defrosting performance is one of the important factors in vehicle design to make certain driver's view. In this study, the velocity profile, temperature distribution and frost melting pattern on the windshield screen have been predicted in three dimensional geometry of an automobile interior. Numerical analyses predict a detailed description of fluid flow and temperature patterns on the inside windshield screen, utilizing the flow through defroster nozzle. Numerical prediction established a good defrosting performance with the standard distance ratio and the defroster nozzle angle ranging from $30^{\circ}$ to $40^{\circ}$, which satisfy the condition of National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) completely.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.85-89
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is investigating the effect and influence rates of utilizing thin walled energy absorption tubes for improving crashworthiness parameter by increasing energy absorption of the body in high speed railcars. In order to find this, a proper profile of available tubes is chosen and added to the structure of selected high speed train in Iranian railway network (Pardis Trainset) and then examined in the scenario of impact with other moving rolling stock. Because of the specific features of LS-DYNA 3D software at collision analysis, the dynamic simulation has been performed in LS-DYNA 3D. The results of the analysis clearly indicate the improvement of train crashworthiness as the energy absorption of structure increases more than 30 percent in comparison with the original body. This strategy delays and reduces the shock to the structure. The verification of the simulation is by using ECE R66 standard.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2000

Planar optical waveguides which have a higher refractive index than that of substrate were fabricated by proton exchange between $Li^+$ and $H^+$. Benzoic acid was used as proton source and process was carried out under the various reaction time and temperature. The depth of waveguide layer and the generated mode number were investigated by standard prism coupler. The cut-off depth for the fabrication of single mode optical waveguides was obtained by the function which was expressed on refractive index profile. Finally the experimental conditions for cut-of depth of single mode could be confirmed. Channel waveguides were manufactured from these confirmed conditions and the effective confinement of the induced light into waveguides was observed.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2000

The objectives of this study were to determine whether older Americans would provide valid energy intake information using a 24-hr recall method and to determine which characteristics were predictive of under-report of energy intake. We conducted 24-hour recalls on 83 male and 105 female community-dwelling older adults(66-87y) in the USA to assess energy(EI) and nutrient intakes. Basal metabolic rate(BMR) was calculated from age-and gender-specific equations of Schofield. Under-reporting was defined a priori as EI : BMR<0.9. Subjects volunteered demographic information, underwent depression and cognition exams, and completed a Level II Nutrition Risk Screen. Differences between under- and adequate-reporters were assessed using t-tests for characteristics and macro-nutrient profile. Stepwise regression analyses were used to predict under-reporting status. Under-reporting of EI occurred in 34% of the sample. Neither geriatric depression scale(GDS) score, nor self-reported weight loss were related to under-reporting. On average, under-reporters had higher body mass indices. The most significant variables for the main effect to predict the ratio of energy intake to estimated basal metabolic rate(EI : BMRest) were BMI and age. Using a standard cut-off of 76% of the recommended dietary allowances for Americans, under-reporters were consistently more likely to be classified as having inadequate nutrient, as well as energy, intakes. (J Community 2(2) 135∼140, 2000)