• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1234-1240
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• 2009

Gene flow, genetic structure and differentiation of Kutchi, Mehsana and Sirohi breeds of goat from North-Western India were evaluated based on 25 microsatellite markers so as to support breed conservation and improvement decisions. The microsatellite genotyping was carried out using an automated DNA sequencer. The gene diversity across the studied loci for the Kutchi breed varied from 0.57 (ILST 065) to 0.93 (OarFCB 304, OMHC 1, ILSTS 058) with an overall mean of 0.79${\pm}$0.02. The corresponding values for Mehsana and Sirohi breeds were 0.16 (ILST 008) to 0.93 (OMHC 1, ILSTS 058) with an average of 0.76${\pm}$0.04, and 0.50 (ILSTS 029) to 0.94 (ILSTS 058) with an average of 0.78${\pm}$0.02, respectively. The Mehsana breed had lowest gene diversity among the 3 breeds studied. All the populations showed an overall significant heterozygote deficit ($F_{is}$). The Fis values were 0.26, 0.14 and 0.36 for Kutchi, Mehsana and Sirohi goat breeds, respectively. Kutchi and Mehsana were more differentiated (16%) followed by Mehsana and Sirohi (13%).The measures of standard genetic distance between pairs of breeds indicated that the lowest genetic distance was between Kutchi and Sirohi breeds (0.73) and the largest genetic distance was between Mehsana and Kutchi (1.0) followed by Sirohi and Mehsana (0.75) breeds. Mehsana and Kutchi are distinct breeds and this was revealed by the estimated genetic distance between them. All measures of genetic variation revealed substantial genetic variation in each of the populations studied, thereby showing good scope for their further improvement.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.355-360
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• 2010

본 연구는 국내에 보급되고 있는 대표적인 토종닭 브랜드인 한협3호와 농촌진흥청에서 개발된 브랜드인 우리맛닭, 두 브랜드 집단 간의 유전적 특성을 분석하여 향후 브랜드간의 차별화 전략을 구체화 하는데 있어 기초 자료로 활용하고자 실시하였다. 토종닭 실용계인 우리맛닭(W) 152수와 한협3호(H) 150수, 총 302수를 선발하여 공시재료로 활용하였으며, 다형성이 확인된 10종의 MS marker를 선발하여 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 두 브랜드의 평균 대립유전자의 수는 9.3으로 확인되었으며, 우리맛닭의 평균 대립유전자의 수는 8.4개, 한협3호는 7.2개로 우리맛닭이 보유한 대립유전자의 수가 많은 것으로 확인되었다. 반면, 기대되는 이형접합도(Ex H)와 관측된 이형접합도(Ob H)는 한협3호가 우리맛닭에 비해 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 두 브랜드 집단을 대상으로 각각의 MS marker의 유전자형을 분석하여 브랜드별 기대되는 이형접합도(expected heterozygosity: Ex H)와 관측된 이형접합도(observed heterozygosity: Ob H) 및 PIC(polymorphism information content)값을 계산하였다. 두 브랜드 집단 간의 유전적 유연관계를 분석 결과, DA distance는 0.132, 그리고 standard genetic distance는 0.199로 확인되었다. 두 브랜드 집단 간의 유전적 구조에 따라 각 개체들이 어떻게 분포되어 있는가를 확인한 결과, 두 집단에 속한 개체들은 크게 두 개의 그룹으로 나뉘어 분포하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 두 집단 간의 유전적 거리는 비교적 가깝지만 각 개체들간의 유전적 구조를 분석한 결과, 확연히 구분되는 유전적 특성을 지니고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.802-809
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• 2005

A hybrid genetic algorithm is proposed for the problem of generating laser torch paths to cut a stock plate nested with free-formed parts each having a set of sub-parts. In the problem, the total unproductive travel distance of the torch is minimized. The problem is shown to be formulated as a special case of the standard travelling salesman problem. The hybrid genetic algorithm for solving the problem is hierarchically structured: First, it uses a genetic algorithm to find the cutting path f3r the parts and then, based on the obtained cutting path, sequence of sub-parts and their piercing locations are optimally determined by using a combined genetic and heuristic algorithms. This process is repeated until any progress in the total unproductive travel distance is not achieved. Computational results are provided to illustrate the validity of the proposed algorithm.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1521-1524
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a "Distance Correlation Selection operator (DCS)" as a new selection operator. For Genetic Algorithm (GA), many improvements have been proposed. The MGG (Minimal Generation Gap) model proposed by Satoh et.al. shows good performance. The MGG model has all advantages of conventional models and the ability of avoiding the premature convergence and suppressing the evolutionary stagnation. The proposed method is an extension of selection operator in the original MGG model. Generally, GA has two types of selection operators, one is "selection for reproduction", and the other is "selection for survival"; the former is for crossover and the latter is the individuals which survive to the next generation. The proposed method is an extension of the former. The proposed method utilizes distance information between individuals. From this extension, the proposed method aims to expand a search area and improve ability to search solution. The performance of the proposed method is examined with several standard test functions. The experimental results show good performance better than the original MGG model.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1536-1542
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• 2002

The genetic variability of three poultry breeds namely Aseel, Miri and Nicobari taken from different geographical locations of India were evaluated using 15 microsatellite loci. No. of alleles varied from 3 to 9 in Aseel, 3 to 8 in Miri and 2 to 7 in Nicobari. Mean PIC values in Aseel, Miri and Nicobari breeds were 0.64, 0.66 and 0.63, respectively. Average unbiased heterozygosity and direct count heterozygosity were 0.65 and 0.59, 0.68 and 0.61, and 0.64 and 0.57 in Aseel, Miri and Nicobari breeds, respectively. High heterozygosity values revealed in this study are indicative of low level of inbreeding, large population size and no or low selection pressure for commercial trait in all three populations. The estimate of genetic distances using Nei's standard, Nei's minimum and Reynold's distance revealed Aseel and Nicobari to be more closely related than Miri breed of poultry.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.305-309
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• 2013

The determination of relatedness between individuals in a family is crucial in analysis of common complex diseases. We present a method to infer close inter-familial relationships based on SNP genotyping data and provide the relationship coefficient of kinship in Korean families. We obtained blood samples from 43 Korean individuals in two families. SNP data was obtained using the Affymetrix Genome-wide Human SNP array 6.0 and the Illumina Human 1M-Duo chip. To measure the kinship coefficient with the SNP genotyping data, we considered all possible pairs of individuals in each family. The genetic distance between two individuals in a pair was determined using the allele sharing distance method. The results show that genetic distance is proportional to the kinship coefficient and that a close degree of kinship can be confirmed with SNP genotyping data. This study represents the first attempt to identify the genetic distance between very closely related individuals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.892-896
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• 2004

A genetic examination using 14 structural loci and 7 microsatellite markers was carried out among random samples of Hu sheep (Hu), Tong sheep (Tong) and Yantse River Delta White goat (YRD); The mean heterozygosity (H), mean polymorphism information contents (PIC) and mean effective numbers of alleles (Ne) calculated based on the data from the above two types of genetic markers were compared. The standard genetic distances among the three populations based on two types of gene frequencies were calculated and compared. The results show that the mean heterozygosity (H), mean polymorphism information contents (PIC) and mean effective numbers of alleles (Ne) based on 7 microsatellite markers are greater than those based on the structural loci. The standard genetic distances based on structural loci among the three populations are: 0.0268-0.2487, the standard genetic distances based on microsatellite markers are: 0.2321-1.2313. The study indicates that structural and microsatellite markers reflect the genetic variation of the three populations consistently: Tong>Hu>YRD. The differentiation between related species or interpopulations can be expressed more effectively by microsatellite markers than structural markers. Oar FCB11, MAF33, Oar AE101, Oar FCB128 and OarFCB304 can be used as representative loci for research on genetic differentiation between sheep and goat.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2020

본 논문은 유전자가계족보 작성을 위해 인체세포의 Y염색체와 X염색체의 DNA에서 해프로코드로 부터 해프로 그룹의 해프로트리, 유전적거리 및 전통가계족보를 결합하고 계층구조화한다. 적용지역은 충청지방으로 부계의 Y-DNA는 O그룹에서 O3a∗ 및 O2b∗ 그룹의 빈도가 높고, 모계의 mtDNA는 L3그룹의 D∗와 M∗그룹의 빈도가 비교적 높다. 유전자 거리 산정은 니의 표준유전적거리법을 적용한다. 실험결과 0.1는 바로 직계가족, 0.1에서 0.8은 근친이며, 1.0 이상은 친족으로 추정하기 어렵다. DNA의 해프로그룹과 해프로트리에 의해 STR은 친족 확인에 적합하고 SNP는 개인유전적식별이 정확하므로 한국전통 족보는 3가지 인수를 추가하므로 더 과학적인 계층화가 구현된다.

• 산업공학
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.223-233
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• 2009

In this paper we developed a method for an optimal planning to reorganize Dong offices to enhance the administrative efficiency. First we defined a mathematical model for the optimal planning problem of reorganizing Dong office and developed a genetic algorithm to solve the problem. For the purpose of minimizing standard deviation of population, area and distance among reorganized offices, the constraints such as allocation, distance, area, population, etc. are considered and weights are applied to Dong offices in the downtown and shopping area. The developed algorithm was applied for reorganizing Dong offices in Jongro Gu, Seoul. The results showed that the developed algorithm could be applied for the real world problem. This study may be applied to the optimal decision of reorganization of offices in the similar reorganization or company M&A situations by changing constraints and weights.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1696-1700
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• 2005

Five China native cattle breeds have been characterized by using 10 microsatellite DNA markers. The studied populations can be divided into five groups: Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Jinnan cattle, Qinchuan cattle and Yanbian cattle. Allele frequencies were calculated and used for the characterization of the breeds and the study of their genetic relationships. Heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, the effective number of alleles was calculated. Nei' standard genetic distance (1978) was calculated and used for a neighbor-joining tree construction. NJ tree showed that Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Jinnan cattle and Qinchuan cattle are closely related, whereas Yanbian cattle are clearly distinct from other four populations. The genetic relationship of five breeds corresponds to their history and geographic origins. This work analyzes the recent origin of these populations and contributes to the knowledge and genetic characterization of China native breeds.