• Title/Summary/Keyword: Stainless steel plate

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Physical Properties Analysis for Automated Process Design of Solar Salts (천일염 자동화 공정설계를 위한 물리적특성 분석)

  • Kim, Hoon;Kim, Woong;Lee, Hyo-Jae;Han, Jae-Woong
    • The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.408-413
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, the particle size, bulk density, friction coefficient and angle of repose were measured for the automatic processing of solar salt, which was classified with 5 levels of moisture content (16.5, 13.2, 8.2, 4.9, 3.7%). Average diameter was 1.98~1.60mm according to moisture content, and bulk density increased with increasing moisture content. As a result of measuring the coefficient of dynamic friction, the maximum value was shown in the stainless steel plate according to the material, and ABS plate and acrylic plate were lower in the order. Movement occurred at the moisture content of 8.2% or less, and the empty angle of repose was increased and the filling angle of repose was decreased as the moisture content increased.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Ecofriendly Nontoxic Cleaning Agents (무독성 친환경 세정제의 합성 및 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jong Cheon;Ryu, Young;Hong, Yeon Heui;Kim, Seok Chan
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.548-551
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    • 2014
  • In order to reduce toxicity on the human body, four new cleaning agents (1-4) containing ester and ether functionalities have been invented. The synthesized cleaning agents's physical properties, biodegradabilities, and $LD_{50}$ values, which were conducted by Korea Testing Certification Institute by using standard method, showed excellent values. A specimen for cleaning ability was prepared by cutting in $60{\times}40mm$ size of stainless steel plate. The surface of the above specimens was treated with four different kinds of contaminants, such as cutting oil, anti-rust oil, drawing oil, and lubricating oil. Contaminated specimens were then immersed in compounds (1-4) for 1 to 5 minutes to dissolve oil in the cleaning agent. The data indicate that all compounds (1-4) exhibit good cleaning ability toward four contaminant oils. It is also confirmed that these compounds can be applicable to various industrial cleaning fields as nontoxic and biodegradable cleaning agents because of their excellent biodegradabilities and $LD_{50}$ values.

Synthesis and Evaluation of New Nonflammable Cleaning Agents (난연성 세정제의 합성 및 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Ah Na;Yu, Young;Kim, Seok Chan
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.184-188
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    • 2013
  • To increase flash point which is related to flammability, seven unprecedented new cleaning agents containing fluoride atoms have been invented. These newly synthesized cleaning agents's physical properties which were conducted by Korea Institute of Petroleum Management by using a standard method showed excellent values. Particularly, flash point of newly synthetic cleaning agents is more higher than that of fluoride free compound. A specimen for cleaning ability was prepared by cutting in $60mm{\times}40mm$ size of stainless steel plate. The surface of the above specimens was applied with four kinds of contaminants, such as paraffin based drawing oil, flux abietic acid, water-insoluble cutting oil, and lubricating oil. Contaminated specimens were immersed in new compounds (1-7) for 1 to 5 minutes to dissolve oil in the cleaning agent. Although the data indicate that all compounds (1-7) exhibit lower cleaning ability toward cutting oil, it is observed that in the case of the present study more than 80% of pollutants on the surface were almost removed within 5 minutes.

A Study on the Treatment of Soil Flushing Effluent Using Electrofloatation : Effects of Electrolyte and pH (전기부상을 이용한 토양세정 유출수 처리에 관한 연구 : 전해질 및 pH의 영향)

  • 소정현;최상일;조장환
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.56-60
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    • 2003
  • The optimal operation conditions of electrofloatation for oil-water separation of soil flushing effluent including electrolyte and pH were investigated. The reactor (200 ${\times}$ 10 ${\times}$ 15 cm) for the experiment was constructed by using acrylic plate. Diesel concentration was 1,000 mg/L in the 1 % mixed surfactant solution ($POE_5$: $POE_{14}$ 1: 1). Titanium coated electrode was used as cathode and stainless steel electrode as anode. Reaction time was 62 minutes (reaction time: 60 min., flotation time: 2 min.) and voltage was 6 V. The separation efficiency of electrofloatation was improved to 40% by electrolyte addition. Furthermore, NaCl (1N) added as electrolyte was showed enhanced efficiency compared to NaOH (1N). While, the effect of both NaCl and NaOH was sequentially increased in the range of 0.2∼1.0% (0.02∼0.1 M). The equilibrium time was found as 20 min. in the range of 0.4∼1.0% (0.04∼0.1M) for both of them.

Study on the Feasibility of High-Temperature Immersion Ultrasonic Sensor with a Strip Waveguide (도파띠를 이용한 고온 액침 초음파센서의 가능성 연구)

  • Choi, M.S.;Lee, J.P.;Jung, T.E.
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.151-156
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    • 1994
  • Exertion has been made to develop high-temperature (about $250{\sim}650^{\circ}C$) immersion ultrasonic sensor for the visualization of objects, temperature measurement, dimensional check, or nondestructive testing of welds under liquid sodium. In this study, the feasibility of the ultrasonic sensor taking advantage of a strip waveguide was confirmed by water-experiment. The lowest order of antisymmetric Lamb wave was used in the frequency range with negligible dispersion. This plate wave was excited in the stainless steel strip waveguide of 1.0mm thickness and 13mm width by the comb-structure transducer of 2.3MHz frequency. Its attenuation coefficient was 1.2dB/m in air and 380dB/m in water. The signal to noise ratio of 25dB was obtained from a planar reflector 270mm away from the beam aperture of $13mm{\times}39mm$ size.

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Finite Element Simulation and Experimental Study on the Electrochemical Etching Process for Fabrication of Micro Metal Mold (미세금형 가공을 위한 전기화학식각 공정의 유한요소 해석 및 실험결과 비교)

  • Ryu, Heon-Yul;Im, Hyeon-Seung;Cho, Si-Hyeong;Hwang, Byeong-Jun;Lee, Sung-Ho;Park, Jin-Goo
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.22 no.9
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    • pp.482-488
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    • 2012
  • To fabricate a precise micro metal mold, the electrochemical etching process has been researched. We investigated the electrochemical etching process numerically and experimentally to determine the etching tendency of the process, focusing on the current density, which is a major parameter of the process. The finite element method, a kind of numerical analysis, was used to determine the current density distribution on the workpiece. Stainless steel(SS304) substrate with various sized square and circular array patterns as an anode and copper(Cu) plate as a cathode were used for the electrochemical experiments. A mixture of $H_2SO_4$, $H_3PO_4$, and DIW was used as an electrolyte. In this paper, comparison of the results from the experiment and the numerical simulation is presented, including the current density distribution and line profile from the simulation, and the etching profile and surface morphology from the experiment. Etching profile and surface morphology were characterized using a 3D-profiler and FE-SEM measurement. From a comparison of the data, it was confirmed that the current density distribution and the line profile of the simulation were similar to the surface morphology and the etching profile of the experiment, respectively. The current density is more concentrated at the vertex of the square pattern and circumference of the circular pattern. And, the depth of the etched area is proportional to the current density.

Surface Modification with Atmospheric Microwave Agron Plasma Jet Assisted with Admixture of H2O2 and Analysis of Plasma Characteristics

  • Won, I.H.;Shin, H.K.;Kwon, H.C.;Kim, H.Y.;Kang, S.K.;Lee, J.K.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2013.02a
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    • pp.544-545
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    • 2013
  • Recently, low-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasmas have been investigated [1,2] for biomedical applications and surface treatments. Experiments for improving hydrophilicity of stainless steel (SUS 304) plate with atmospheric microwave argon and H2O2 mixture plasma jet [3] were carried out and experimental measurements and plasma simulations were conducted for investigating the characteristics of plasma for the process. After 30 s of low power (under 10 W) and low temperature (under $50^{\circ}C$) plasma treatment, the water contact angle decreased rapidly to around $10^{\circ}$ from $75^{\circ}$ and was maintained under $30^{\circ}$ for a day (24 hours). The surface free energy, calculated from the contact angles, increased. The chemical properties of the surface were examined by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and the surface morphology and roughness were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) respectively. The characteristics of plasma sources with several frequencies were investigated by Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) measurement and one-dimensional Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation and zero-dimensional global simulation [4]. The relation between plasma components and the efficacy of the surface modification were discussed.

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A Study on the Reduction Mechanism of Tungsten and Copper Oxide Composite Powders (W-Cu산화물 복합분말의 환원 기구에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Seong;Hong, Moon-Hee;Kim, Eun-Pyo;Lee, Sung-Ho;Noh, Joon-Woong
    • Journal of Powder Materials
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.422-429
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    • 2003
  • The reduction mechanism of the composite powders mixed with $WO_3$ and CuO has been studied by using thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction, and microstructure analyses. The composite powders were made by simple Turbula mixing, spray drying, and ball-milling in a stainless steel jar with the ball to powder ratio of 32 to 1 at 80 rpm for 1 h without process controlling agents. It is observed that all the oxide composite powders are converted to W-coated Cu composite powder after reducing treatment under hydrogen atmosphere. For the formation mechanism of W-coated Cu composite powder, the sequential reduction steps are proposed as follows: CuO contained in the ball-milled composite powder is initially reduced to Cu at the temperature range from 20$0^{\circ}C$ to 30$0^{\circ}C$. Then, $WO_3$ powder is reduced to W $O_2$ via W $O_{2.9}$ and W $O_{2.72}$ at higher temperature region. Finally, the gaseous phase of $WO_3(OH)_2$ formed by reaction of $WO_2$ with water vapour migrates to previously reduced Cu and deposits on it as W reduced by hydrogen. The proposed mechanism has been proved through the model experiment which was performed by using Cu plate and $WO_3$ powder.

An Analysis of the Types of Panoplies in the TV Dramas Yeongaesomun and Taewangsasin-gi - Focusing on the Panoplies of the Goguryeo Dynasty - (TV 사극 연개소문과 태왕사신기에 표현된 갑주유형 분석 - 고구려시대 갑주를 중심으로 -)

  • Cho, Mi-Suk;Kim, Eun-Jung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.60 no.5
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    • pp.35-50
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to know how helmet and armor was reinterpreted in historical play by considering general concept and type of old helmet and armor from the aspect of costume history and comparing the helmet and armor types of TV historical plays, Yeongaesomun and Taewangsasingi, whose historical backgrounds were based on the age of Goguryeo. The helmet and armor type shown in Yeongaesomun was reinterpreted as the one, which is close to historical investigation, by reappearing lamellar armor and jongjangpanju(helmet made of slim, long plate) shown in Goguryeo wall painting. The helmet and armor type shown in Taewangsasingi expresses fantastic helmet and armor by adding fantastic factor regardless of historical investigation. The study result reveals that there are several common characteristic factors between the helmet and armors of two historical plays. First, there was a classification in the display of character and story. The helmet and armor type shown in Yeongaesomun classified color and detail design depending on lamellar armor or character. In Taewangsasingi, the helmet and armor was manufactured depending on character's nature and the chain armors, which are lighter than existing helmet and armors, were usual. Second, they escaped from the historical investigation about traditional helmet and armor. In Yeongaesomun, myeonggwangae(a type of armor), which might be popular, was not expressed and Taewangsasingi is free from an imperative idea of historical investigation by manufacturing helmet and armor referring to that of ancient Rome age. The modern sense was reflected to increase dramatic effect. The helmet and armor of Yeongaesomun provides modern feeling by using stainless steel material and modern color arrangement and that of Taewangsasingi is designed in modern, splendid way as it aimed at game development from the planning step.

Finite Element Analysis of Straight Slot Welding and Characteristics of the Weld Residual Stress Distribution (직선 Slot 용접의 유한요소해석 및 용접잔류응력 분포특성)

  • Park, Chi-Yong;Lee, Kyoung-Soo;Kim, Maan-Won;Song, Ki-Oh
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.34 no.9
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    • pp.1311-1316
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    • 2010
  • In this study, straight slot welding was carried out using a 316L stainless steel test block, and numerical simulation of the slot weld process was performed using finite element analysis. Data on the residual stress were obtained at equally spaced points on the top surface of the test block along directions parallel and perpendicular to the welding direction. After electrolytic polishing of the top surface of the block, the residual stress was measured by the X-ray diffraction method. The calculated weld residual stresses were compared with the measured data, and they were in good agreement with the data. The weld residual stress distribution inside the plate was determined from the results of finite element analysis, and the characteristics of the distribution were discussed in detail in this paper.