• 제목/요약/키워드: Stable region

검색결과 1,102건 처리시간 0.029초

홍수전파와 배수갑문 운영에 따른 새만금호 내부 수리특성의 동적응답 (Dynamic Response of Hydraulic Characteristics in the Inner Saemankeum Reservoir According to Gate Operation and Flood Events)

  • 서승원;조완희
    • 한국해안해양공학회지
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.269-279
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    • 2005
  • 새만금호의 방조제 완공이후와 내부 개발이후 만경강 및 동진강의 홍수량 유입과 내부 수위를 관리하기 위해 수문을 작동할 매 수리특성이 어떻게 반응할 것인가를 평가하기 위한 수치실험이 수심적분된 ADCIRC 모형을 이용하여 실시되었다. 2차원 동적하도추적에 따르면, 상류에서는 홍수수문의 시간적 변화가 민감하나 홍수파가 호 내로 유하 하면서 급확대되는 물리적 특성에 따라 호 중심부터는 안정화된다. 평상시 관리수위를 유지하기 위해 수문을 제어하는 경우, 내부개발이후가 방조제 완공직후에 비해 수문 인근영역에서 유속, 수위 등에 동적응답이 즉각적으로 보다 크게 일어나고, 외해수를 호 내측으로 받아들이면 불규칙 수면교란이 일시적으로 발생하는데 내부개발 전후에 따라 최대 10km 및 16km정도까지 상류방향으로 전파된다.

광양만 예비 영양류 모형 (A Preliminary Trophic Flow Model for Gwangyang Bay, Korea)

  • 강윤호
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.184-195
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    • 2005
  • A preliminary quantitative model of the trophic structure in Gwangyang bay, Korea was obtained using ECOPATH and data from relevant studies to date in the region. The model integrates and analyzes biomass, food spectrum, trophic interactions and the key trophic pathways of the system. The bay model comprises 9 groups of benthic primary producer, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos, bivalve, pelagic fish, demersal fish and piscivorous fish. The total system throughput was estimated at $2.4\;kgWW/m^2/yr$, including a consumption of $41\%$, exports of $9\%$, respiratory flows of $24\%$ and flows into detritus of $26\%$. All of which originate from primary producers measured at $52\%$ and detritus of $48\%$. The total biomass was seen to be high compared to the levels of Somme, Delaware, Chesapeake Bays and Seine Estuary. This seems to be possibly due to artificial bivalve aquaculture and overestimation of benthos and benthic primary producer groups. The deviation can be calibrated by neglecting aquaculture and decreasing the habitat area for the groups. The trophic network of the bay shows a low level of recycling and organization as indicated by Finn's cycling index $3.3\%$, Ascendancy $3.1\;kgC/m^2/yr$ bits, Capacity $5.1\;kgC/m^2/yr$ bits and Redundancy $2.2\;kgC/m^2/yr$ bits. A high relative ascendancy of $62\%$ and a low internal relative ascendancy of $18\%$ indicate the system is not fully organized and stable towards disturbances, depending upon external connections. Although the model should be continuously provided with field data and calibrated further in depth, this study is the first trophic model applied to the region. The model can be a useful tool to understand the ecosystem in a quantitative manner.

발치 교정치료시 치은 함입에 관한 치은 처치 (Treatment of Gingival Invagination after Orthodontic Treatment with Extraction)

  • 김윤상;조진형;조진우
    • 구강회복응용과학지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.79-86
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    • 2012
  • 심한 치열 총생이나 입술이 돌출된 환자들에서 대다수의 경우에 발치 교정치료를 시행한다. 이런 경우 많은 수의 환자들에서 교정치료 완료 후 발치된 공간이 폐쇄되었음에도 해당 발치 공간 부위에 치은이 주름을 형성하는 치은 함입(gingival invagination)이 관찰된다. 이런 경우 폐쇄된 공간의 재발 및 국소적 치주 문제가 발생할 가능성이 있기에 치은 함입부에 대한 치주과적 처치가 필요하다. 본 증례의 환자는 치아가 맞지 않는다고 내원한 16세 여자 환자였으며 몇 년 전에 지역 치과에서 상악 소구치의 발치가 시행되었던 환자였기에 하악 소구치 발치를 동반한 교정치료를 시행하였다. 자연스럽게 폐쇄되었던 상악 소구치부와는 다르게 교정치료 완료 후 하악 소구치부위에서는 치은 함입이 관찰되어 치주과적으로 치은 함입부위를 절제하여 치은 평탄화를 시켰다. 치은 평탄화 작업은 레이저를 이용하여 좌측은 1회, 우측은 2회에 걸쳐서 시행하였으며 안정된 결과를 나타내었다. 이상의 치료를 통하여 발치를 동반한 교정치료 환자에서 발생하기 쉬운 치은 함입부의 치은 평탄화를 이룬 증례를 보고하고자 한다.

아세틸화 처리 목재에 배양시킨 Trametes versicolor의 Laccase활성과 13C-CP/MAS NMR 분석 (The Laccase Activity of Trametes versicolor during Cultivation on Acetylated Wood and 13C-CP/MAS NMR Study)

  • 손동원;이동흡
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.60-66
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    • 2001
  • 아세틸화 목재를 부후균에 노출시켜 laccase의 생성을 액체배양기와 고체배양기상에서 검토하고 $^{13}C$-CP/MAS NMR 분석을 통하여 목재 내 화학성분의 변화와 치환 도입된 아세틸기의 변화를 검토하여 보았다. 액체배양기상에서 laccase의 활성은 glucose를 탄소원으로 할 때 보다 높게 나타났으며, 고체배양기상에서는 laccase 의 활성이 원활히 이루어지지 않았다. $^{13}C$-CP/MAS NMR의 분석 결과 리그닌 뿐만 아니라 셀룰로오스부분에서도 아세틸화가 이루어 졌음을 알 수 있었다. 부후된 아세틸화 목재의 분석 결과, 아세틸기의 목재내 결합이 목재 부후균 T. versicolor에 대해서 안정적이었다.

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EphA Receptors Form a Complex with Caspase-8 to Induce Apoptotic Cell Death

  • Lee, Haeryung;Park, Sunjung;Kang, Young-Sook;Park, Soochul
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.349-355
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    • 2015
  • EphA7 has been implicated in the regulation of apoptotic cell death in neural epithelial cells. In this report, we provide evidence that EphA7 interacts with caspase-8 to induce apoptotic cell signaling. First, a pull-down assay using biotinylated ephrinA5-Fc showed that EphA7 co-precipitated with wild type caspase-8 or catalytically inactive caspase-8 mutant. Second, co-transfection of EphA7 with caspase-8 significantly increased the number of cleaved caspase-3 positive apoptotic cells under an experimental condition where transfection of EphA7 or caspase-8 alone did not affect cell viability or apoptosis. EphA4 also had a causative role in inducing apoptotic cell death with caspase-8, whereas EphA8 did not. Third, caspase-8 catalytic activity was essential for the apoptotic signaling cascade, whereas tyrosine kinase activity of the EphA4 receptor was not. Interestingly, we found that kinase-inactive EphA4 was well co-localized at the plasma membrane with catalytically inactive caspase-8, suggesting that an interaction between these mutant proteins was more stable. Finally, we observed that the extracellular region of the EphA7 receptor was critical for interacting with caspase-8, whereas the cytoplasmic region of EphA7 was not. Therefore, we propose that Eph receptors physically associate with a transmembrane protein to form an apoptotic signaling complex and that this unidentified receptor-like protein acts as a biochemical linker between the Eph receptor and caspase-8.

다공질 실리콘 산화막 Air-Bridge 기판 위에 제작된 MMIC용 공면 전송선 (Coplanar Waveguides Fabricated on Oxidized Porous Silicon Air-Bridge for MMIC Application)

  • 박정용;이종현
    • 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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    • 제40권5호
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    • pp.285-289
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    • 2003
  • 본 논문에서는 실리콘 기판상의 전송선로 특성을 개선하기 위하여 표면 마이크로머시닝 기술과 새로운 산화법(H₂O/O₂ 분위기에서 500℃, 1시간 열산화와 1050℃, 2 분간 RTO(Rapid Thermal Oxidation) 공정)을 이용하여 10 ㎛ 두께의 다공질 실리콘 산화막(oxidized porous silicon:OPS) air-bridge 기판 위에 공면 전송선로(Coplanar Waveguide:CPW)를 제작하였다. 간격이 40 ㎛ 신호선이 20 ㎛ 전송선 길이가 2.2 mm인 CPW air-bridge 전송선의 삽입손실은 4 GH에서 -0.28 dB이며, 반사손실은 -22.3 유를 나타내었다. OPS air-bridge 위에 형성된 CPW의 손실이 OPS층 위에 형성된 CPW의 삽입손실보다 약 1 dB 정도 적은 것을 보여주었으며, 반사손실은 35 GHz 범위에서 약 -20 dB를 넘지 않고 있다. 이와 같은 결과로부터 두꺼운 다공질 실리콘 멤브레인 및 air-bridge 구조는 고 저항 실리콘 집적회로 공정에서 고성능, 저가의 마이크로파 및 밀리미터파 회로 응용에 충분히 활용 될 수 있으리라 기대된다.

남한강변 강변숲 조성을 위한 유형분류연구 -경기도 양평·여주군 구간을 중심으로- (A Study on the Classification of Types of Han Riverside Forests -In the Case of Yangpyeng and Yeoju gun-)

  • 장동수
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.3-10
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    • 2010
  • Riverside forests make a river bank stable because trees of them hold together the stone and soil by roots and decrease the speed of running fluid by trunks. So they become known to have positive effects on flood prevention. So This study will be a basic study to preserve and restore of riverside forests. The goal of this study is to classify types of Han riverside forests between Yangpyeng and Yeoju gun. and find out sites of planting. Results of this study can be summarized as follows; The evaluation indicators were set up based on literature review and site survey. Two indicator categories were developed: natural environment and human environment. And they were divided into 5 sub-categories for calculating weights. As for the major indicator categories, the weighted index of natural environment is at 0.5. And the weighted index of human environment is at 0.5 followed by access at 0.15, the range of user at 0.15, cultivated land at 0.1 and legislation at 0.1. This study selected 53 sites for riverside forests planting. They were classified with types of bank(11), level-upped riverside(32), island(10). The amount of the length of 11 bank types is 23,050m, the area of 32 level-upped riverside types is $4,490,000m^2$ and the area of 10 island types is $4,590,000m^2$. After the evaluation of 53 riverside forests, this study selected 12 sites of riverside forests. They were two bank types, nine level-upped riverside types, and one island type. Rebuilding riverside forests are to accomplish the green network which links and divides region. It will be one of the best ecological methods to construct friendly environmental region.

3차원 영상의 중간시점 영상 합성을 위한 특징 기반 변이 추정 (Feature-Based Disparity Estimation for Intermediate View Reconstruction of Multiview Images)

  • 김한성;김성식;손정영;손광훈
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제26권11A호
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    • pp.1872-1879
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    • 2001
  • 본 논문에서는 다시점 영상에서 영상의 특성을 고려하여 효율적으로 미세 변이를 추정하고 중간 시점 영상을 합성하는 알고리듬을 제안하며 이를 모의 실험을 통해 검증한다. 제안한 방법은 영역분할 양방향 화소정합을 통해 변이 추정의 수행 속도를 향상시키는 동시에 신뢰도를 높이며, 적절한 비용함수의 제안과 유사 영역에 대한 정합 창 확장 알고리듬, 변이 평활화와 불확실 영역 변이 할당 알고리듬을 통해 잘못 할당된 변이와 불확실 영역을 제거함으로서 변이의 신뢰도를 더욱 높일 수 있다. 이렇게 추정된 변이는 다시점 영상의 중간 시점 영상 합성을 위해 사용된다. 제안된 방식을 통해 기존의 방식들보다 더욱 안정적인 변이 정보를 얻을 수 있었고, 합성된 중간 시점 영상도 객관적으로나 주관적으로나 더욱 좋은 결과를 보였으며, 또한 전체적인 수행 시간도 줄어들어 더 효율적인 알고리듬임을 확인할 수 있었다.

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The Homologous Region 3 from Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus Enhancing the Transcriptional Activity of Drosophila hsp70 Promoter

  • Tang, Shun-Ming;Yi, Yong-Zhu;Zhou, Ya-Jing;Zhang, Zhi-Fang;Li, Yi-Ren;He, Jia-Lu
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.235-239
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    • 2004
  • Drosophila melanogaster heat shock protein 70 gene promoter (Dhsp70p) is widely used in transgenic insect to drive exogenous gene, and the homologous region 3 from Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPVhr3) functions as an enhancer for several promoters. To test whether BmNPVhr3 can enhance the Dhsp70ps transcriptional activity, the reporter plasmids, which contain the Dhsp70p, the reporter $\beta$-galactosidase gene with SV40 terminator and BmNPVhr3 fragment, are constructed and transfected into the insect cell lines (Bm-N cells and Sf-21 cells) by lipofectin-mediated method. The results from the transient expression assay show that BmNPVhr3 significantly increases transcriptional activity of Dhsp70p both under the normal condition and under the heat-shock treatment, although the effects are significantly different between in Bm-N cells and in sf-21 cells. The enhancing behavior of BmNPVhr3 on the Dhsp70p is in an orientation-independent manner. Meanwhile, the effects of heat-shock treatment on Dhsp70p alone or Dhsp70p/BmNPVhr3 combination present no significant difference, indicating that BmNPVhr3 only enhances the transcriptional activity of Dhsp70p, but cant alter its characteristic of the response to the heat-shock stress. The above results suggest that the Dhsp70p/BmNPVhr3 combination is more effective one to drive exogenous gene for transgene or stable cell expression system in insects.

Utilization of the Bombyx mori Hypothetical Protein 32 Promoter for Efficient Transgene Expression

  • Goo, Tae-Won;Kim, Sung-Wan;Kim, Seong-Ryul;Park, Seung-Won;Kang, Seok-Woo;Lee, Kwang-Gill;Kwon, O-Yu;Yun, Eun-Young
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.107-114
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    • 2010
  • For stable germline transformation, the promoter of Bombyx mori cytoplasmic actin gene (BmA3) has been used for ubiquitous expression of transgenes. So far, no strong promoter is available for ubiquitous expression in B. mori, excluding BmA3 promoter. To identify more powerful promoter than previously reported BmA3 promoter, we isolated 9 clones that show stronger signal compared to BmA3 by a dot blot hybridization. Among these 9 clones, we focused on one clone which has high amino acid homology (85%) with hypothetical protein 32 gene of Lonomia obliqua. This clone, named bHp32 (B. mori hypothetical protein 32) was ubiquitously expressed in all tissues and developmental stage of fifth instar B. mori larvae. As result of promoter assay using dual luciferase assay system, we found the highest transcription activity region (-1,200/+220) in the 5'-flanking region of bHp32 gene, which has 42-fold more intensive promoter activity than BmA3 promoter. Moreover, the bHp32 promoter was normally regulated in Bm5, Sf9, and S2 cells. Therefore, we suggest that bHp32 promoter may be used more powerful and effectively for transgene expression in various insects containing B. mori as a universal promoter.