• 대한화학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.181-186
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• 1969

The concentration of Strontium-90 in liquid whole milk produced in Korea were measured during past four years. The samples of milk were purchased from dairies in Seoul. Strontium-90 was analysed radiochemically and the amount of stable calcium was also determined. Radioactivity of Yttrium-90 was counted in low background beta counter which has the background of 1.38 cpm. The concentrations of Strontium-90 in the milk are 25.1 PCi $^{90}Sr$/g.Ca in 1965, 26.8 PCi $^{90}Sr$/g. Ca in 1966, 13.7 PCi 90Sr/g.Ca in 1967 and 18.2 PCi $^{90}Sr$/g.Ca in 1968 in annual average. The concentrations of Strontium-90 in the milk of 1967 and of 1968 were decreased approximately compared with the values of 60% 1965 and 1966. From the results we can see that Strontium-90 concentrations in the milk vary roughly proportionally with the specific activity of fallout. Considering on the safety problems, the Strontium-90 levels in the milk produced in Korea were far below the maximum permissible level recommended by ICRP.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.393-398
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• 1997

Batch sorption experiments were carried out to investigate the sorption characteristics of $^{90}$ Sr onto domestic granite(HG) and tuff(TF) samples. The effect of three independent variables ([Sr], Vo1/Wt], [pH]) on the sorption was investigated. (Sr) played as the most significant variable for the $^{90}$ S $r^{2+}$ sorption onto HG, whereas [pH] had the greatest effect among three variables onto TF. Tuff shooed much greater sorption than granite, which ues accounted for their differences in mineralogical properties. The selectivity of $^{90}$ Sr was much lower than that of $^{l37}$Cs.s.s.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1991

안과용 $^{90}$ Sr 선원에서 방출하는 $\beta$선의 갯수를 직접 측정함으로써 (전류 측정)표면 선량을 계산하는 방법을 고안하여 실제 교정에 응용하였다. 안과용 $^{90}$ Sr선원에서 방출하는 전체 $\beta$선의 갯수 및 선원의 면적, 전자의 물속에서의 저지능 등을 고려하였다. 선원의 정확한 면적 측정은 필림을 이용하였으며, 평균 저지능은 상기 선원에서 방출되는 $\beta$선의 에너지 스펙트럼을 분석함으로써 얻을 수 있었다. 이 방법과 $^{90}$ Sr으로 교정한 TLD칩을 이용한 교정 방법과의 결과를 비교하였다. 전류 측정 방식에 의한 결과는 63.5$\pm$5.1cGy/sec이었고, TLD칩에 의한 측정 결과는 50.7$\pm$7.3cGy/sec로 오차 범위내에서 일치하였다. 그러나 제작사 보증서에 의하면 46.8$\pm$9.4cGy/sec로 측정값에 비하여 36%의 차이를 보여 주었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 1991

방사성(放射性) 물질(物質)을 오염(汚染)시킨 토양(土壤)에 무우와 배추를 pot 재배하면서 질소와 인산시비(燐酸施肥)에 따른 $^{90}Sr$ 흡수양상(吸收樣相)을 조사하였다. 질소와 인산시비(燐酸施肥)는 무와 배추의 수량증수(收量增收) 효과가 있었으며 무우는 질산태질소가, 배추는 암모니아태질소가 더욱 효과적이었고 인산시비(燐酸施肥)는 식물체의 K 함량을, 질소 시비(施肥)는 Ca함량을 증가시켰다. 또한 배추에 비해 무가 $^{90}Sr$ 흡수량(吸收量)이 높았고 질소와 인산시비(燐酸施肥)는 $^{90}Sr$ 흡수(吸收) 억제효과(抑制效果)가 있었으며 암모니아태 질소보다는 질산태질소가 더욱 효과적(效果的)이었다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.418-423
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• 2016

Background: This work was to get information about $^{90}Sr$ contamination of the environment by using soil and moss from selected areas in Jeju Island, Korea. Materials and Methods: The activities of $^{90}Sr$ in soil and moss samples were investigated at nine locations of Jeju island, Korea. The soil samples have been collected at 4 sites of Jeju island during June to August of 2013, analyzed for vertical distribution of $^{90}Sr$ activities. The moss samples have been collected at 5 sites of Jeju island during November of 2011 to June of 2012, and analyzed for radioactive $^{90}Sr$. Results and Discussion: The $^{90}Sr$ vertical concentrations in the investigated soil samples were 2.77 to $18.24Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in eastern part, 1.69 to $18.27Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in northern part, 3.76 to $13.46Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in the western part and 1.09 to $8.70Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in the southern part of the Mt. Halla in Jeju island, respectively. Activities of $^{90}Sr$ show the highest value at the surface soil and decrease with depth. The activity concentration measured was in the range of 79.6 to $363Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ -dry moss. Conclusion: This material is expected to be basis reference for survey of environmental radioactivity in Jeju Island.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.194-203
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• 2021

Background: Surface soil radiation monitoring around nuclear facilities is important to classify and characterize the contaminated areas. A scanning and direct measurement technique can survey the sites rapidly before starting sampling analysis. Materials and Methods: Regarding this, we test and suggest a measurement technique for gross alpha/beta and ⁹⁰Sr activities in surface soil based on a mobile ZnS(Ag)/PVT (polyvinyltoluene) array and a handheld PVT rod, respectively. To detect ⁹⁰Sr selectively in soil mixed with naturally occurring radioactive materials, chosen energy channel counts from the multichannel analyzers were used instead of whole channel counts. Soil samples contaminated with exempt liquid ⁹⁰Sr with 1 Bq·g^-1, 3 Bq·g^-1, and 10 Bq·g^-1 were prepared and hardened by flocculation. Results and Discussion: The mobile ZnS(Ag)/PVT array could discriminate gross alpha, gross beta, and gamma radiation by the different pulse-shaped signal features of each sensor material. If the array is deployed on a vehicle, the scan minimum detectable concentration (MDC) range will be about 0.11-0.17 Bq·g^-1 at 18 km·h^-1 speed, highly sensitive to actual sites. The handheld PVT rod with 12 mm (Φ) × 20 mm (H) size can directly measure ⁹⁰Sr selectively if channels on which energies are from 1,470 and 2,279 keV are gated, minimizing crossdetection of other radionuclides. These methods were verified by measuring soil samples fabricated with homogeneous ⁹⁰Sr concentrations, showing static MDC of 2.16 Bq·g^-1 at a measurement time of 300 seconds. Conclusion: Based on the results, comprehensive procedures using these detectors are suggested to optimize soil sites survey.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1996

환경시료 중 토양에 대한 방사성 스트론튬인 $^{89}Sr$와 $^{90}Sr$의 분석을 위해 Ca과 Sr을 분리하기 위한 방법으로 Crown ether를 이용한 추출방법을 사용하여 기존의 발연질산법과 비교하여 보았다. Crown ether를 이용한 추출방법을 기존의 발연질산법과 비교하여 보았을 때 높은 Sr 수율을 보였을 뿐만 아니라 분석에 소요되는 시간과 절차가 훨씬 빠르고 간단했다. Crown ether을 이용한 추출방법으로 원전주변 토양에 대한 방사성 스트론튬의 분석을 수행하였으며, 방사성핵종 분석에 의한 환경감시의 효율적인 수행을 위한 스트른튬 분석법을 제시하였다

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.268-273
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• 2016

Background: This study was a long-term evaluation of $^{137}Cs$ and $^{90}Sr$ activity concentrations in seawater samples from the East Sea, Korea, in order to establish current activity levels. Results and long-term monitoring trends will be useful in the future monitoring of environmental radioactivity. Materials and Methods: Surface seawater samples were collected quarterly from Guryongpo and Jangho in the East Coast between 1998 and 2010 and the quarterly deep seawater samples were collected from three sites in the sea adjacent to Ulleung-do between 2012 and 2015. The activity concentrations of $^{137}Cs$ were measured using a gamma-spectrometer. The activity concentrations of $^{90}Sr$ and $^{90}Y$ in a radioactive equilibrium state were measured using a gas flow proportional counter. Results and Discussion: We found the annual average activity concentrations of $^{137}Cs$ in the surface seawater was $1.66-2.89mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in Guryongpo and $1.68-2.43mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in Jangho. The annual average activity concentrations of $^{90}Sr$ in the surface seawater was $0.83-1.98mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in Guryongpo and $0.82-1.57mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in Jangho. The annual average activity concentrations of $^{137}Cs$ in the deep seawater sites were $1.51-1.73mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, $1.19-1.60mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ and $0.87-1.15mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in TH, JD, and HP. The annual average activity concentrations of $^{90}Sr$ in the same deep seawater sites were $1.00-1.94mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, $0.82-1.26mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, and $0.79-1.32mBq{\cdot}kg^{-1}$. The effective half-life was calculated by analyzing change over time in the activity concentration in the surface seawater. The effective half-life of $^{137}Cs$ was $15.3{\pm}0.1years$ in Guryongpo and $102{\pm}3years$ in Jangho. The effective half-life of $^{90}Sr$ was $28.3{\pm}4.3years$ in Guryongpo and $16.6{\pm}0.1years$ in Jangho. The ratio of the average activity concentration ($^{137}Cs/^{90}Sr$) was 1.72 in the surface seawater, which is similar to the reported ratio of the global radioactive fallout. The ratio in the deep seawater was 1.24, which is somewhat low compared to the global ratio (1.6, 1.8). Conclusion: Activity concentrations of $^{137}Cs$ and $^{90}Sr$ in the seawaters of the East Sea were similar to the previously reported activity levels in the East Sea and northwestern Pacific as a result of global radioactive fallout following atmospheric nuclear weapon tests.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2002

한국 주변 연안 15개 정점의 퇴적물(0-20 cm)에서 $^{137}Cs,\;^{90}Sr\;^{239-240}Pu$의 농도와 농도 비를 조사했다. $^{137}Cs,\;^{90}Sr\;^{238}Pu$ 및 $^{239-240}Pu$의 평균 방사능 농도는 각각 $2.24{\pm0.79\;Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}-dry,\;0.20{\pm}0.04 Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}-dry,\;0.009{\pm}0.005\;Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}-dry}$ 및 $0.27{\pm}0.17\;Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}-dry$ 이다. $^{137}Cs,\;^{90}Sr$, $^{239-240}Pu/^{137}Cs$ 및 $^{238}Pu/^{239-240}Pu$의 평균 농도 비와 $^{239}Pu/^{240}Pu$의 평균 원자 비는 각각 $11.2{\pm}2.9,\;0.123{\pm}0.053,\;0.033{\pm}0.016$ 및 $0.218{\pm}0.036$이다. 퇴적물에서 핵종의 농도 범위와 핵종간의 농도 비는 그 동안 주변국가의 퇴적물에서 조사한 값과 비슷하였다. 퇴적물에서 $^{137}Cs$ 과 $^{239-240}Pu$의 상관계수는 0.80 이다. $^{137}Cs$과 SOM, $^{239-240}Pu$과 점토 함량과의 상관계수는 각각 0.69, 0.67 이다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1975

Continued to the previous paper, the present investigation deals with stronitium-90 activities and calcium contents among 54 samples of edible marine algae collected along the coast of Korea during September, 1973 and April, 1974. The calcium contents are variable 2.0-17.8%, and 6.38% on an average. Most of the members investigated contain 2-4% in green and red algae, and 8-10% in brown algae. Strontium-90 activities are 0.32-0.37 pCi/l in sea-water, and 0.80-28.66 pCi$\^$90/Sr/g Ca in edible seaweeds. Among the algal phyla, they are 12.49 in green, 3.34 in brown, and 9.39 pCi$\^$90/Sr/g Ca in red algae, while they are 6.25 pCi$\^$90/Sr/g Ca on an average. In a single species collected at the same season, the highest activities appear mostly from the eastern coast, and from the western and southern coasts, in turn. The green algae, Capsosiphon- Enteromorpha complex show about 3 times higher activities, 28.66 pCi$\^$90/Sr /g Ca compared with the other members showing rather higher activities, and would be an indicator plant of strontium-90 activities of the marine algae along the coast of Korea.