• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.2 (2)
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• pp.263-265
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• 2000

스프레쉬트는 사용하기 쉽기 때문에 가장 널리 사용되는 프로그래밍 도구이다. 그러나, 스프레드쉬트로 개발되는 프로그램들은 비 구조적인 방법으로 개발되기 때문에 대형 프로젝트에 적용하기 어렵고, 프로그램에 논리적인 오류들이 많이 포함되어 있다. 또한 스프레드쉬트로 개발된 프로그램은 읽기 어렵고, 디버깅 및 유지 보수하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 스프레드쉬트에 구조적인 개발 방법을 적용하기 위해 클래스와 객체 개념을 추가하고, 프로그램의 이해 및 개발을 쉽게 하기 위해서 데이터플로우 개념을 지원한다. 스프레드쉬트에서 객체 개념은 객체지향 분석, 설계 및 프로그래밍을 가능하게 하고, 데이터플로우 개념은 데이터의 의존 관계 및 데이터 흐름을 시각적으로 보여주기 때문에 프로그램의 개발 및 유지 보수를 쉽게 한다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2012

Large offshore wind farms have actively been developed in order to meet the needs for wind energy since the land-based wind farms have almost been fully developed especially in Europe. The key problem for the construction of offshore wind farms may be on the high cost of energy compared to land-based ones. NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) has developed a spreadsheet-based tool to estimate the cost of wind-generated electricity from both land-based and offshore wind turbines. Component formulas for various kinds and scales of wind turbines were made using available field data. In this paper, this NREL estimation model is introduced and applied to the offshore wind turbines now under designing or in production in Korea, and the result is discussed.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2010

A major consideration in the design of tunnels in urban areas is the prediction of the ground movements and surface settlements associated with the tunneling operations. Excessive ground movements can damage adjacent building and utilities. In this paper, a neural network model is used to predict the maximum surface settlement, based on instrumented results from three separate EPB tunneling projects in Singapore. This paper demonstrates that by coupling the trained neural network model to a spreadsheet optimization technique, the reliability assessment of the settlement serviceability limit state can be carried out using the first-order reliability method. With this method, it is possible to carry out sensitivity studies to examine the effect of the level of uncertainty of each parameter uncertainty on the probability that the serviceability limit state has been exceeded.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.563-588
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• 2016

In this study, solution models are proposed to obtain code-compatible ground motion record sets which can be used for both uni-directional and bi-directional dynamic analyses. Besides scaled, unscaled ground motion record sets are obtained to show the utility and efficiency of the solution models. For scaled ground motion sets the proposed model is based on hybrid HS-Solver which integrates heuristic harmony search (HS) algorithm with the spreadsheet Solver add-in. For unscaled ground motion sets HS based solution model is proposed. Design spectra defined in Eurocode-8 for different soil types are selected as target spectra. The European Strong Motion Database is used to get ground motion record sets. Also, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the effect of different HS solution parameters on the solution accuracy. Results show that the proposed solution models can be regarded as efficient ways to develop scaled and unscaled ground motion sets compatible with code-based design spectra.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.469-488
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• 2019

In this research study, the artificial neural networks approach is used to estimate the ultimate shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams with transverse reinforcement. More specifically, surrogate approaches, such as artificial neural network models, have been examined for predicting the shear capacity of concrete beams, based on experimental test results available in the pertinent literature. The comparison of the predicted values with the corresponding experimental ones, as well as with available formulas from previous research studies or code provisions highlight the ability of artificial neural networks to evaluate the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams in a trustworthy and effective manner. Furthermore, for the first time, the (quantitative) values of weights for the proposed neural network model, are provided, so that the proposed model can be readily implemented in a spreadsheet and accessible to everyone interested in the procedure of simulation.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.130-139
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• 2007

This paper presents a study on risk analysis in terms of contractor's costs in construction phase in which Crystal ball (software of Decisioneering, UK) has been utilized as a main tool. To realize it, a questionnaire survey has been carried out to identify the dominant factors that strongly influence contractor costs in Vietnam. Based on results of questionnaire investigation, the survey identified three factors which were duration of each construction task, costs of reinforcing steel, and cement. Then a spreadsheet model was created in order to analyze risks. The study also indicates that the cost of reinforcing steel and cement are the cause of risks for contractors. According to the suggested model, contractors may foresee the probability of completion within the approved budget, and the possibility of earning in accordance with owner's payment conditions.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.195-200
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• 2011

Construction materials usually constitute a major portion of the total cost in a building construction project. Despite the potential benefit of ICT, convincing construction organisations to embrace its use and implementation has proved a difficult task. This study seeks to identify the implementation of ICT for materials management processes in construction projects. The findings from the interviews reveal that the implementation of ICT in the materials management processes for construction projects in Malaysia is at early stage. Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet and handheld devices are found to be the common ICT tools adopted in the materials management processes. The main barrier is found to be the cost involvement at the initial stage or overall implementation of ICT in the materials management processes. Finally, this paper concludes the finding from interviews towards the ICT implementation of materials management in the construction projects.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.647-661
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• 2024

This study aims to determine the optimal solution to transportation problems. We proposed a novel approach for tackling the initial basic feasible solution. This is a critical step toward achieving an optimal or near-optimal solution. The transportation issue is an issue of distributing goods from several sources to several destinations. The literature demonstrates many ways to improve IBFS. In this work, to solve the IBFS, we suggested a new method based on the statistical formula called cumulative distribution function (CDF) in exponential distribution, and inverse contra-harmonic mean (ICHM). The spreadsheet converts transportation cost values into exponential cost cell values. The stepping-stone method is used to identify an optimum solution. The results are compared with other existing methodologies, the suggested method incorporates balanced, and unbalanced, maximizing the profits, random values, and case studies which produce more effective outcomes.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2024

The objective of this article is to create a model of integrated management from the framework modeling of a digital collaborative network supported by knowledge engineering to make heritage site in the Brazil more effective. It is an exploratory and qualitative research with thematic analysis as technique of data analysis from the collaborative network, digital platform, world heritage, and tourism themes. The snowballing approach was chosen, and the mapping and classification of relevant studies was developed with the use of the spreadsheet tool and the Mendeley® software. The results show that the collaborative network model oriented towards strategic objectives should be supported by a digital platform that provides a technological environment that adds functionalities and digital platform services with the integration of knowledge engineering techniques and tools, enabling the discovery and sharing of knowledge in the collaborative network.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2013

본 연구는 기후변화와 관련하여 미생물학적 식품안전상 쉽게 영향 받을 수 있는 식품과 관련 식중독세균을 결정하는데 이용할 수 있는 Risk Ranger를 활용한 Excel spreadsheet 상의 모델을 개발하였고, 모델 입력값은 자료의 부족으로 전문가 설문을 통해 결정하였으며, 확률분포모델과 @RISK를 이용한 시뮬레이션을 통해 실제 국내 식품중 기후변화에 대한 민감할 것으로 예상되는 상위 5개 식품군과 이들 식품과 관련된 주요 식중독 원인균을 결정하였다. 추정결과, 상위 5종 식품과 관련 식중독 세균으로는 즉석섭취식 품류(RTE) (황색포도상구균, 살모넬라, 병원성대장균 O157:H7)가 가장 큰 영향을 받을 것으로 나타났으며, 다음이 떡류 및 빵류 (황색포도상구균, 바실러스 세레우스), 식육 및 알가공품 (살모넬라, 병원성대장균 O157:H7, 황색포도상구균), 두부류 또는 묵류 (바실러스 세레우스, 병원성대장균 O157:H7, 황색포도상구균)였으며, 마지막으로 어육가공품(황색포도상구균, 비브리오, 병원성대장균 O157:H7)의 순으로 나타났다.