• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

When applying geothermal systems in cities such as seoul where high density development prevails, the selection of geothermal system capable of obtaining a large capacity in the limited grounds is necessary. In this study, an easy-to-use design tool is developed in the form of spreadsheet by applying the calculation theory of existing closed-loop vertical ground heat exchanger that can be used in the early design stage of the open-loop ground heat exchanger. By only using the maximum cooling and heating load, it is possible to calculate optimal design open-loop ground heat exchanger. Further research is needed, we are plan to improve the program considering the heat loss of groundwater flowing in the inner casing, G-Function for Open-Loop, and verification by applying actual projects.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-33
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• 2010

The majority of graphs and visuals made publicly available by Thai listed companies tend to be disjointed and minimal. Only a little over fifty percent of the total 478 companies included graphic representations of their business operations and performance in the form of two or three dimensional spreadsheet based graphs in their annual reports, investor relations documents, websites and so on. For novice users, these visual representations are unlikely to give the big picture of what is the company's financial position and performance. Neither will they tell where the company stands in its own operating environment. The existing graphics and visuals, in very rare cases, can provide a sense of the company's future outlook. For boundary users such as audit committees whose duty is to promote good governance through transparency and disclosure, preliminary interview results show that there is some doubt as to whether the inclusion of big-picture visuals can really be of use to minority shareholders. These boundary users expect to see more insightful visuals beyond those produced by traditional spreadsheets which will enable them to learn to cope with the on-going turbulence in today's business environment more quickly. However, the debate is still going on as to where to draw the line between internal or external reporting visuals.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.215-219
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• 2005

A macro spreadsheet model, WEANES (Wet Pond Annual Efficiency Simulation Model), has been developed to predict the long-term or annual removal efficiencies of wet retention/detention basins. The model uses historical, site-specific, multi-year, rainfall data, usually available from a nearby National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) climatological station to estimate basin efficiencies which are calculated based on annual mass loads. Other required input parameters are: 1) watershed parameters; drainage area, pervious curve number, directly connected impervious area, and ti me of concentration, 2) pond parameters; control and overflow elevations, pond side slopes, surface areas at control elevation and pond bottom; 3) outlet structure parameters; 4) pollutant event mean concentrations; and 5) pond loss rate which is defined as the net loss due to evaporation, infiltration and water reuse. The model offers default options for parameters such as pollutant event mean concentrations and pond loss rate. The model can serve as a design, planning, and permitting tool for consulting engineers, planners and government regulators.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.147-166
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• 2011

In this paper, we listed and discussed the properties of the Pythagorean triples which 5 gifted 9th graders could draw in spreadsheets environments. And we also discussed their implications. In detail, in spreadsheets environments students could make the table of Pythagorean triples easily under several conditions of generate numbers of Pythagorean triples. And they could draw several properties of Pythagorean triples from the tables and could prove them. In spreadsheets environments it is easy to give students chances of generalization of the properties of Pythagorean triples which they had obtained from the concrete table of Pythagorean triples.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.129-151
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• 1994

This paper focuses on method of setting priorities for telecommunications Standardization in which usually includes prioritization, resource allocation, standardization schedule for each SWA is based on prioritization of SWAs. We mainly used the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and a modified Delphi technique as a method for planning process. Recently, rapid technology evolution in telecommunications fields increases the necessity of developing more and more new standards. Also increased complexity of technologies makes standards more complicated, more specified and more thick than the past ones. As a result, the number of SWAa(Standardization Work Areas) and SWIs(Standardization Work Iterms) is being increased continuously. Furthermore, rapid telecommunication environment changes such as deregulation, liberalization, privatization, regionalization, and globalization surrounding telecommunications standardization grows increasingly important. To cope with these challenges and to make the more efficient use of the limited standardization resources, i.e., time, financial, personal resources, we will suggest logical and rational approach that is a backbone of strategic plan for telecommunication standardization. The telecommunication standardization planning process involves a MCDM(Multi-Criteria Decision Making) process. The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) is a kind of MCDM approach. Our method is based on a combination of a modified Delphi technique and an application of AHP(spreadsheet model). Analyzed data from Delphi technique is used as inputs to AHP. In addition we also focus on the technique how to combine group judgments and to handle a large number of comparisons.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.361-372
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• 2016

The soil-concrete interface shear strength, although has been extensively studied, is still difficult to predict as a result of the dependence on many factors such as normal stresses, surface roughness, particle sizes, moisture contents, dilation angles of soils, etc. In this study, a well-known rigorous statistical learning approach, namely the least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) realized in a ubiquitous spreadsheet platform is firstly used in estimating the soil-structure interface shear strength. Instead of studying the complicated mechanism, LS-SVM enables to explore the possible link between the fundamental factors and the interface shear strengths, via a sophisticated statistic approach. As a preliminary investigation, the authors study the expansive soils that are found extensively in most countries. To reduce the complexity, three major influential factors, e.g., initial moisture contents, initial dry densities and normal stresses of soils are taken into account in developing the LS-SVM models for the soil-concrete interface shear strengths. The predicted results by LS-SVM show reasonably good agreement with experimental data from direct shear tests.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.473-490
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• 2009

This paper presents a new methodology to evaluate the load carrying capacity of deteriorated non-slender concrete bridge pier columns by construction of the full P-M interaction diagrams. The proposed method incorporates the actual material properties of deteriorated columns, and accounts for amount of corrosion and exposed corroded bar length, concrete loss, loss of concrete confinement and strength due to stirrup deterioration, bond failure, and type of stresses in the corroded reinforcement. The developed structural model and the damaged material models are integrated in a spreadsheet for evaluating the load carrying capacity for different deterioration stages and/or corrosion amounts. Available experimental and analytical data for the effects of corrosion on short columns subject to axial loads combined with moments (eccentricity induced) are used to verify the accuracy of proposed model. It was observed that, for the limited available experimental data, the proposed model is conservative and is capable of predicting the load carrying capacity of deteriorated reinforced concrete columns with reasonable accuracy. The proposed analytical method will improve the understanding of effects of deterioration on structural members, and allow engineers to qualitatively assess load carrying capacity of deteriorated reinforced concrete bridge pier columns.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to : (a) analyze the menus of food service operations using the menu analysis techniques of Kasavana & Smith, Miller, Merricks & Jones, Pavesic and Uman, (b) closely examine the characteristics of the five analysis techniques. Calculations for the menu analysis were done by computer using the MS 2000 Excel spreadsheet program. Menu mix% and unit contribution margin were used as variables by Kasavana & Smith, sales volume and food cost% by Miller, sales volume and cash contribution by Merrick & Jones, weighted contribution margin and food cost% by Pavesic, and total cash contribution and unit contribution margin by Uman. In each case, a four-cell matrix was created, and menu items were located in each according they achieved high or low scores with respect to two variables. Items that scored favorably on both variables were rated in the top category (e.g., star, prime, signature, group A, winner) and those that scored below average on both were rated in the lowest category (e.g., dog, problem, loser, group D, loser). While the 3 methods of Kasavana & Smith, Miller, Merrick & Jones focus on customers' viewpoints, the others consider the managers' viewpoints. Therefore, it is more likely to be desirable for decision-making on menus if the menu analysis technique chosen is suited to its purpose.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.39-49
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• 2004

When there is a lack of detailed kinetic information, dFBA(dynamic flux balance analysis) has correctly predicted cellular behavior under given environmental conditions with FBA and different ial equations. However, until now, dFBA has centered on substrate concentration, cell growth, and gene on/off, but a detailed hierarchical structure of a regulatory network has not been taken into account. For this reason, the dFBA has limited the represen tation of interactions between specific regulatory proteins and genes and the whole transcriptional regulation mechanism with environmental change. Moreover, to calculate optimal metabolic flux distribution which maximizes the growth flux and predict the b ehavior of cell system, linear programming package(LINDO) and spreadsheet package(EXCEL) have been used simultaneously. thses two software package have limited in the visual representation of simulation results and it can be difficult for a user to look at the effects of changing inputs to the models. Here, we descirbes the construction of hierarchical regulatory network with defined symbolsand the development of an integrated system that can predict the total control mechanism of regulatory elements (opero ns, genes, effectors, etc.), substrate concentration, growth rate, and optimal flux distribution with time. All programming procedures were accoplished in a visual programming environment (LabVIEW).

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.23-51
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• 2013

An analytical algorithm for the estimation of the resistance forces exerted on the dipper of a cable shovel and the specific energy consumed in the cutting-loading process is presented. Forces due to payload and to cutting of geomaterials under given initial conditions, cutting trajectory of the bucket, bucket's design, and geomaterial properties are analytically computed. The excavation process has been modeled by means of a kinematical shovel model, as well as of dynamic payload and cutting resistance models. For the calculation of the cutting forces, a logsandwich passive failure mechanism of the geomaterial is considered, as has been found by considering that a slip surface propagates like a mixed mode crack. Subsequently, the Upper-Bound theorem of Limit Analysis Theory is applied for the approximate calculation of the maximum reacting forces exerted on the dipper of the cable shovel. This algorithm has been implemented into an Excel$^{TM}$ spreadsheet to facilitate user-friendly, "transparent" calculations and built-in data analysis techniques. Its use is demonstrated with a realistic application of a medium-sized shovel. It was found, among others, that the specific energy of cutting exhibits a size effect, such that it decreases as the (-1)-power of the cutting depth for the considered example application.