• 환경위생공학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.21-26
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• 1996

In our previous studies, we reported that lead intoxicated nerve cell by inhibition of the Na$^{+}$-K$^{+}$ ATPase activity and reduction of myo-inositol in nerve cell. As the second series of experiments, in order to understand toxic mechanism of lead for nerve cell, the characteristics of myo-inositol transport system and the effect of lead on its system have been studied in the sciatic nerves of control and lead-treated rats. A lead intoxicated animal model was induced by feeding diet containing lead to Sprague-Dawley rat for two weeks. Four weeks aged Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three group : normal control group, 10ppm-lead treated group, 100ppm-lead treated group. All rats were sacrified at the end of two weeks. The rate o myo-inositol transport by sciatic nerve isolated from lead-treated rat was significantly decreased compared with that of control rat. This deficit results from that myo-inositol transport system which is carrier mediated and sodium-potassium dependent was inhibited by the lead treatment (both 10ppm and 100ppm) due to increase of the Km value without affecting Vmax value for myo-inositol carrier. These observations suggest that the toxic mechanism of lead on nerve myo-inositol transport system might be a change of affinity without change of maximum transport velocity for carrier.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 1999

We investigated the effect of a single intravenous dose of Fumonisin $B_1(FB_1$) of rat kidney on the time sequence. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenouslyin jected with FB$_1$at 1.25 mg/kg and were euthanized at 12 hrs, 1, 2, 4, and 6 days after the injection. In $FB_1$ treated rats, serum BUN and creatinine were elevated from 12 hrs. Microscopically, the initial target site was tubules of inner stripe, with mild degenerative and necrotic changes at 12 hrs, but the tubules recovered on day 4. In outer stripe, there were only a few scattered necrotic cells on day 1. These changes became more obvious over the time passed and most severe on day 4. On day 6, regeneration occurred, manifest as hypertrophic, basophilic tubular cells. The dying cells were proved to necrotic cells instead of apoptotic cells by TUNEL. Ultrastructural changes were cytoplasmic vacuole, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, swollen mitochondria, ballooned microvilli of the tubular cell in the outer stripe. These results showed that the renal tubules of outer medulla were the target to $FB_1$-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat. However, initial target was mner stnpe of medulla.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.385-391
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• 1997

Inductive effects of cytochrome P450 2B1 by $\alpha$- and $\beta$-ionone were characterized in individual liver lobes of male Sprague Dawley rats. When rats were administered ionones orally at 100, 300, and 600 mg/kg for 24 hr, cytochrome P450 2B1 was induced dose-dependently in liver S-9 fractions as measured by P450 2B-specific monooxygenases and Western immunoblotting. The activity of P450 1A- and P450 2B-specific monooxygenases was differentially expressed in each lobe of normal liver. In addition, the monooxygenase activity was induced by $\alpha$- and $\beta$-ionone with different potency in each lobe of the liver. Our present results indicate that the different induction of P450s by $\alpha$- and $\beta$-ionone in each lobe may explain different susceptibilities of rat liver lobes to certain hepatotoxicants which require metabolic activation for their toxicity and that $\alpha$- and $\beta$-ionone may be useful model inducers of P450 2B1 in studying the toxic mechanism of certain toxicants which may require the metabolic activation by P450.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.800-804
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• 2003

The effects of KR-31378, a neuroprotective agent for ischemia-reperfusion damage, on liver microsomal cytochrome P450s (CYPs) were investigated in male Sprague Dawley rats. When rats were treated orally with KR-31378 for 7 consecutive days, CYP3A-selective erythromycin N-demethylase (ERDM) activity was significantly induced in a dose-dependent manner. In Western immunoblotting, CYP 3A proteins were clearly induced by treatment with KR-31378. Within 24 h after treatment with 80 mg/kg of KR-31378, ERDM activity was induced in liver microsomes in accompanied by induction of the level of CYP 3A proteins. The present results suggest that KR-31378 might modulate the expression of CYP 3A enzymes in humans.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.173-180
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• 1975

Sprague-Dawley 系인 成熟한 雄性흰쥐를 對照群과 實驗群으로 나누어 對照群은 $23^\\circ C$에서 保存하였으며 實驗群은 $30^\\circ C 및 33^\\circ C$에서 各各 240時間 및 64時間동안 繼續하여 溫度順應시켰다. 溫熱順應의 各 時間區마다 血淸알칼리性 및 酸性 Phosphatase의 活性을 測定하였다. $30^\\circ C$에서는 上記 酵素活性의 變化相은 $33^\\circ C$에 比하여 一般的으로 顯著하였다. 다시 말하면 $30^\\circ C$에서의 溫熱順應에 있어서 血淸알칼리性 및 酸性 Phosphatase는 對照群에 比하여 一般的으로 높은 活性의 恒定特續性을 나타내었다. 以上의 結果로 미루어 보아 上記 酵素는 $30^\\circ C$의 溫熱順應에 있어서 生化學的으로 直接 또는 間接으로 溫度調節에 關與하고 있는 것으로 思料된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.371-381
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• 2015

The object of this study was to obtain single oral dose toxicity of Arisaema Rhizome (Arisaema amurense f. serratum (Nakai) Kitag) aqueous extracts. Arisaema Rhizome (Chunnamsong in Korean) is one of the most important folk remedy plants used in Asia. In the study, a 28-day rat oral gavage study has been conducted with the extracts from Arisaema Rhizome at dose of 1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 ㎎/㎏/day. The following endpoints were evaluated: clinical observations, body weight, gross and microscopic pathology, clinical chemistry, and hematology. Based on the analysis of these endpoints, it was estimated that NOEL (no observed effect level) for male rats and NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) for female rats are 5000 ㎎/㎏/day of the water-extracts from Arisaema Rhizome.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2024

BIOVITA 3 bacterial species (BIOVITA 3), a probiotic blend powder containing Clostridium butyricum IDCC 1301, Weizmannia coagulans IDCC 1201, and Bacillus subtilis IDCC 1101, has been used as a food ingredient for gut health. However, its efficacy in improving constipation has not been reported. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the functional effects of oral administration of BIOVITA 3 as well as its component strains alone (at 1.0×10⁹ CFU/day) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with loperamide-induced constipation. The study included fecal analysis, gastrointestinal transit ratio, histopathological analysis, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and metagenome analysis. As results, the BIOVITA 3 group showed significant improvements in fecal number, water content, gastrointestinal transit ratio, and thickening of the mucosal layer. In the SCFAs analysis, all probiotic-treated groups showed an increase in total SCFAs compared to the loperamide-constipated group. Changes in microbial abundance and the diversity index of three groups (normal, constipated, and BIOVITA 3) were also defined. Of these, the BIOVITA 3 showed a significant improvement in loperamide-constipated SD-rats. This study suggests the possibility that BIOVITA 3 can be applied as an ingredient in functional foods to relieve constipation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.426-428
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of black raspberry wine which was administered per os on estrogen levels in Splague-Dawley(SD) rats. Black raspberry wine containing 13% alcohol(v/v) was prepared from ripe fruits of Rubus coreanus fermented with Saccharomyces cervisiae. The rats were divided into 2 groups(A and B): The group A received black raspberry wine and the group B received saline for 7 weeks. All animals were bi weekly monitored for estrogen levels by radioimmunoassay using $125^I$ labeled anti-estrogen monospecific antibody. There was a significant(2.02 fold) increase in estrogen levels in the group A with a peak at the 7th week post administration of black raspberry wine. There was no significant change in estrogen levels of the rats in the group B. These data point to uncharacterized phytoestrogenic bioactivity of black raspberry wine that appears to be a useful phytoestrogenic herbal remedy for human health.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 1992

한국 내에서 사육 공급하는 실험실용 흰쥐를 실험적으로 면역억제하여 Pneumocystis carinii (Pc)를 발현시키고, 이를 순수하게 모아서 전기영동을 이용한 핵형을 분석하였다. Field Inversion Gel Electrophoresis와 Contour Clamped Homogeneous Electric Field Electrophoresis를 사용하여 분리한 염색체 밴드는 Sprague Dawley(SD) 와 Fisher(F) 계 횐쥐 모두에서 15개 씩 이었다. 크기는 수D 횐쥐의 경우 270~684kb, 횐쥐에서 얻은 표본에서 273~713kb에 있었다. 이 중에서 SD 된쥐에서 얻은 것은 283kb의 염색체가, 횐쥐의 표본은 273 kb의 염색체가 특히 강하게 염색되어 두 개 이상의 같은 크기 분자가 중칩된 것으로 보인다. 그러므로 전체 염색체는 최소한 16개이며 각 염색체의 크기로 계산된 염색체 내 전체 유전자의 크기는 $7{\times}10^6{\;}bp$의 수준에 있다. F흰쥐에서 유래한 Pc는 전 염색체 분자가 공유하는 반복 염기서열을 가지며, 448kb 염색체가 rRNA의 유전자를 갖고 있었다. 그러나 SD횐쥐의 Pc표본에서는 어느 염색체 분자에서도 반복 염기서열과 rRNA유전자를 확인하지 못하였다. 두 개의 휜쥐 계통 군은 각각 2년간 같은 핵형의 Pc를 유지하였다. (이 연구는 한국과학재단 1990년도 일반과제 연구비 지원에 의하여 수행되었음)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2001

Conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) is a naturally occuring group of derivatives of linoleic acid found in beef and dairy products. CLA has reported to reduce body fat. This study was designed to observe the effect of CLA supplementation on fat accumulation and degradation in male Sprague Dawley rats. Seventy two rats, weighing 150-180g, were divided into 2 groups according to the types of dietary fat(beef tallow or fish oil) and then each group was divided into 2 groups depending on CLA supplementation, i.e., BT, BT-CLA, FO, FO-CLA. All rats were fed experimental diet containing total fat at 12%(w/w) including CLA at 1% for 30 weeks. At 30 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure TG, free fatty acid level in plasma, TG, lipogenic enzymes in lever and fat cell size, LPL and HSL activities in epididymal fat fad. Fish oil supplemented with CLA diet showed significant reduction in the food efficiency and weight in 30 weeks-fed rats. CLA supplement did not effect on plasma TG, hepatic TG levels and lipogenic enzymes activities in rats, but, fish oil significantly reduced, The LPL and HSL activities did not affected by CLA supplement and n-3 fatty acid rich fish oil. In conclusion, the results suggest that CLA supplement was not a proper way to reduce the fat accumulation in Sprague Dawley rats. Fish oil supplemented with CLA might better way to reduce the body fatness than fish oil itself. Therefore, It is recommended that further study be performed related to physiological and biochemical effects of CLA supplementation and n-3 fatty acid in rats for the reduction of body fatness.(Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 367∼374, 2001)