• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.451-459
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• 1999

During the electromyographic evaluation for the diagnosis of neuropathy, presence for site of lesion could be predicted by a detection of denervation potentials such as fibrillation potentials or positive sharp waves in a group of muscles. Unfortunately, since denervation potentials are distinguished by examiner's experience, it is possible to make mistake identifying endplate spikes as a denervation potential. The aim of the study was to extract parameters to make an algorithm for quantitative distinction between denervation potentials and endplate spikes. It will help to minimize the examiner's bias and to localize the site of lesion thus increase the reliability on EMG diagnosis. There types of signals, endplate spike, fibrillation potential and positive sharp wave were obtained from the EDB(extensor digitorum brevis) muscle using then neuropathic patients. Eight parameters such as duration, area, slope, peak-to-peak amplitude, positive peak negative peak amplitude, ratio of positive to negative peak amplitude, and number of phase were extracted and compared. As a results, peak-to-peak amplitude, positive peak amplitude, ratio of positive to negative peak amplitude showed statistically significant differences between endplate spikes and denervation potentials. It was concluded that those parameters could be used to establish an algorithm which will improve the accuracies in automated quantitative EMG diagnosis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.144-149
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• 2008

This study aims to understand the growth and changes of nutritional composition in five winter forage crops including barley, wheat, oat, rye and triticale. In Korea, the winter-season cultivation of the crops could enhance land use efficiency and improve the global competitiveness of domestic livestock industry by providing high quality forage. Total content of crude protein in plants decreased after heading. Leaves and spikes had high crude protein while stem showed the lowest with less than 7%. Contents of Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) in plants decreased with time after heading. Stem showed much greater content of ADF than leaves and spikes. There was linear relationship between ADF contents and ratios of stem weight and total weight. Contents of Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) also decreased with time after heading. Stem contained much higher NDF than leaves and spikes. There was a linear relationship between NDF contents and ratios of stem weight and total weight. Relative Feed Value (RFV) increased with maturing of spikes after heading in barley, wheat, oat and triticale. There was a negative relationship between Relative feed value and ratios of stem weight and total weight.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.75-75
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• 2017

Rye is cultivated on about 30,000ha domestically for forage and green-manure production in Korea. 'Daegokgreen' has been developed as a good quality rye cultivar for forage and green-manure, which was doubled-chromosome by colchicine treatment of diploid rye cultivar 'Gogu' in 2010. By the colchicine treatment with 0.05% for 12 hours at $2^{nd}$ leaf stage of 'Gogu', 31 tetraploid plants were obtained and they produced 2,470 seeds with 135 spikes. There was 4.4 in the number of spikes per plant, 18.3 in grain number per spike, and 37.6 g in the1,000-grain weight. The heading date of 'Daegokgreen' was April 11, which was two days later on average compared with 'Gogu'. The biomass (fresh weight) of 'Daegokgreen' was 3,701kg, which was similar to 'Gogu'. The average crude protein content of 'Daegokgreen' was 8.9%, which was 1.0% point higher than 'Gogu'. 'Daegokgreen' was found to be strong resistant to winter-kill and can be adapted to before maize cultivation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.466-471
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• 2012

Objective : The aim of this study was to devise an objective clustering method for magnetoencephalography (MEG) interictal spike sources, and to identify the prognostic value of the new clustering method in adult epilepsy patients with cortical dysplasia (CD). Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 25 adult patients with histologically proven CD, who underwent MEG examination and surgical resection for intractable epilepsy. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 3.1 years. A hierarchical clustering method was adopted for MEG interictal spike source clustering. Clustered sources were then tested for their prognostic value toward surgical outcome. Results : Postoperative seizure outcome was Engel class I in 6 (24%), class II in 3 (12%), class III in 12 (48%), and class IV in 4 (16%) patients. With respect to MEG spike clustering, 12 of 25 (48%) patients showed 1 cluster, 2 (8%) showed 2 or more clusters within the same lobe, 10 (40%) showed 2 or more clusters in a different lobe, and 1 (4%) patient had only scattered spikes with no clustering. Patients who showed focal clustering achieved better surgical outcome than distributed cases (p=0.017). Conclusion : This is the first study that introduces an objective method to classify the distribution of MEG interictal spike sources. By using a hierarchical clustering method, we found that the presence of focal clustered spikes predicts a better postoperative outcome in epilepsy patients with CD.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.199-205
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• 2005

When recording single-unit responses from neural systems, a common problem is the accurate detection of spikes (action potentials) in the presence of competing unwanted (noise) signals. While some sources of noise can be readily dealt with through filtering or 'template subtraction' techniques, other sources present a more difficult problem. In particular, noise components introduced by power supplies, which contain harmonics of the power-line frequency, can be particularly troublesome in that they can mimic the shape of the desired spikes. Thus, standard 'template subtraction' techniques or notch-filtering approaches are not appropriate. In this study, we propose the use of a novel template-subtraction scheme that involves estimating the power-line noise waveform and using cross-correlation techniques to subtract them from the recordings. This technique requires two key steps: (1) cross-correlation analysis of each recorded waveform extracts a robust representation of the power-line noise waveform and (2) a second level of cross-correlation to successfully subtract that representation from each recorded waveform. This paper describes this algorithm and provides examples of its implementation using actual recorded waveforms that are contaminated with these noise signals. An improvement (reduction) in the noise level is reported, as are suggestions for future implementation of this strategy.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.55-58
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• 1997

In this paper, we study a signal processing method which extracts each MUAP(motor unit action potential) from EMG(Electromyogram) interference pattern or clinical diagnostic purposes. First of all, differential digital filtering is selected or eliminating the spike components of the MUAP's from the background noise. And, the algorithm identifies the spikes over the certanin threshold by template matching in frequency domain. After missing or false firing actor is cut off at the IPI(inter pulse interval) histogram, we averages the MUAP waveforms from the raw signal using the identified spikes as triggers, and Finally, measures their amplitudes, durations, and numbers of phases. Specially, We introduce algorithm performed by template matching in the frequency domain. A typical 3-s signal recorded from the biceps brachii muscle using a conventional needle electrode during a isometric contraction is used. Finally, the method decomposed five simultaneous active MUAP's from original EMG signal.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.145-156
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• 2016

Fusarium graminearum Schwabe causes Fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease that leads to extensive yield and quality loss of wheat and other cereal crops. Twelve isolates of F. graminearum were collected from naturally infected spikes of wheat from Assiut Egypt. These isolates were compared using SRAP. The results indicated distinct genetic groups exist within F. graminearum, and demonstrated that these groups have different biological properties, especially with respect to their pathogenicity on wheat. There were biologically significant differences between the groups; with group (B) isolates being more aggressive towards wheat than groups (A) and (C). Furthermore, Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai) and Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) which isolated from wheat kernels were screened for antagonistic activity against F. graminearum. They significantly reduced the growth of F. graminearum colonies in culture. In order to gain insight into biological control effect in situ, highly antagonistic isolates of T. harzianum and B. subtilis were selected, based on their in vitro effectiveness, for greenhouse test. It was revealed that T. harzianum and B. subtilis significantly reduced FHB severity. The obtained results indicated that T. harzianum and B. subtilis are very effective biocontrol agents that offer potential benefit in FHB and should be harnessed for further biocontrol applications. The accurate analysis of genetic variation and studies of population structures have significant implications for understanding the genetic traits and disease control programs in wheat. This is the first known report of the distribution and genetic variation of F. graminearum on wheat spikes in Assiut Egypt.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.940-949
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• 1998

The paper proposes an effective mechanism hiring the adaptive buffer control schemes on the mobile seceiver's side that can resolve the problems of delay spikes caused by the handover process onthe cell boundaries when they transmit real-time moving images through the high speed wireless channels. to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed schemes, we have modeled the characteristics of the random errors on the wireless channels, the burst errors and that of the transmission delay by the handover. We also compared the rate of the delay-adaptation of the receive buffers caused by the delay and delay spikes. the comparison was done by testing the suggested schemes against the existing schemes by applying tehm to the packet delay model. We also could identify the noticable reduction of the casesof buffer delay and overflow compared with the conventional schemes, by applying the suggested algorithm to the video image compressed by H.263.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.243-259
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• 2015

Comparative study has been performed to investigate the behavior of dredged fills on rigid (Model 1) and flexible (Model 2) containers. The study was focused on the sedimentation of soil fills and the development of total stresses. Model 1 is made of an acrylic cylinder and Model two is a scale-size geotextile tube. Results indicate that for rigid containers, significant decrease of the sediment height is apparent during the dewatering process. On the other hand, because the geotextile is permeable, the water is gradually dissipated during the filling process on flexible containers. Hence, significant loss in the tube height is not apparent during the duration of the test. Pressure spikes are apparent on rigid containers during the filling process which can be attributed to the confining effect due to hydrostatic pressure. For the flexible containers, the pressure readings gradually increases with time during the filling process and normalize at the end on the filling stage. No pressure spikes were apparent due to the gradual dissipation of pore water pressure.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 1983

The versatile practical use of electron beam welding which is very high energy density is still in early stage, but in the special welding field, the welding process is used in manufactured goods. The investigation for electron beam welding up to the present was almost achieved not for the mechanical properties of welded joint but for the process itself. On this investigation, the fatigue strength, crack propergation phenomena and hardness of weld metal and heat affected zone of partially penetrated welded joint of HT80 steel by electron beam welding was accomplished. The tensile fatigue strength in weld line direction of the joint was about $25kg/mm^2$. There still appeared spikes on the tips of penetration, and the crack initiated at the tips of spikes not from the roots. The hardness of the weld metal was higher than it of base metal because of production of martensite by rapid cooling.