• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the perfectionism tendency of amateur boxers and exercise exhaustion, to understand the perfectionism tendency of boxers in the sports of speculative sports, and to provide startigic insights for reducing exercise exhaustion. Research design, data, and methodology: In this study, adult boxers registered with the Korean Boxing Association of the Korea Sports Council in 2019 were selected as the research population. 280 boxers participated in the survey and responded the survey items, which were constructed by research variables, perfectionism and burnout. Data were analysed using SPSS version 18.0 for statistics. In details, frequency, correlations, exploratory factor analysis, multiple regressions were conducted to test the proposed relationship. Results: As a result of analysing the relationship between amateur boxers' perfectionism and athletic exhaustion, it was con-firmed that when the self-oriented perfectionism among amateur boxers' perfectionist tendencies was high, it had a significant effect on exercise burnout. Conclusions: In order to reduce the pressure of amateur boxers to win and the pressure to pass through the weight class, which is characteristic of weight control events, if the athlete manages himself well, the athlete's exercise exhaustion will decrease. If professional mental training is combined, it is judged that amateur boxing will be able to develop once again.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2019

Proposing that the main barriers to mini-packaging success in China, in contrast to India and the Philippines, is Chinese consumers' sociocultural values and attitudes toward products in mini packages, this study investigates the factors that potentially make the China market relatively not conducive to buying products in mini packages via a survey of 468 Chinese adults in Shanghai (first-tier city) and Zhuhai (second-tier city). Results show that respondents agree that products in mini packages are difficult to store once opened, are more expensive than are larger-sized products, do not provide good value for money, entail frequent shopping, are harmful to the environment, are not advertised, and are mainly for trying new products and for traveling. They disagree with many possible reasons for the unpopularity of products in mini packages. This study's contributions are (1) providing in-depth quantitative analysis of the possible reasons mini-packaging is not popular in China, (2) offering managerial advice for using mini-packaging to increase brand competitiveness, (3) developing a scale to measure attitudes toward products in mini packages; and (4) being empirical as opposed to merely anecdotal/speculative like some studies in this area.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2021

오늘날 멀티코어 프로세서, 시스템 반도체, 그래픽처리장치를 막론하고 그것을 구성하는 기본 단위 또는 필수적으로 투입되는 CPU의 기본단위는 수퍼스칼라 프로세서이다. 따라서, 고성능의 비순차실행 수퍼스칼라 프로세서가 채택되어야만 위에서 거론된 시스템의 성능을 극대화할 수 있다. 수퍼스칼라 프로세서는 완전한 파이프라인 방식으로 재배열버퍼와 예약스테이션을 이용하여 명령어를 동적 스케줄링 함으로써, 매 싸이클 당 복수 개의 명령어를 인출, 발행, 실행 및 기록한다. 본 논문에서는 예측실행 기능이 있는 완전한 파이프라인 방식의 비순차실행 수퍼스칼라 프로세서를 VHDL로 설계하고, GHDL로 검증하였다. 모의실험 결과, ARM 명령어로 구성된 프로그램에 대한 연산을 성공적으로 수행할 수 있었다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.103-120
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• 2022

This paper studies the possibility of options as an instrument for central bank to intervene foreign exchange market. As opposed to spot transaction or forward transaction, which impacts spot exchange rate only once, currency options can continuously resist a directional speculative pressure on spot market due to the dynamic delta hedging of OTC currency options market maker. This research also analyzes whether and how central banks can use currency options to lower exchange rate volatility and maintain (implicit) target zones in foreign exchange markets. It argues that short position rather than long position in options will result in market makers dynamically hedging their long option exposure in a stabilizing manner, consistent with the first objective. Selling a "Strangle" allows a central bank to increase the credibility of its commitment to a target zone, and could have a lower expected cost than spot market interventions. However, this strategy also exposes the central bank to an unlimited loss potential. Therefore these kinds of intervention strategies must be used in the short run and temporarily.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.261-267
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• 2023

In the paper of 'Natural Selection Favors AIs over Humans,' Dan Hendrycks applies principles of Darwinian evolution to forecast potential trajectories of AI development. He proposes that competitive pressures within corporate and military realms could lead to AI replacing human roles and exhibiting self-interested behaviors. However, such claims carry the risk of oversimplifying the complex issues of competition and natural selection without clear criteria for judging whether AI is selfish or altruistic, necessitating a more in-depth analysis and critique. Other studies, such as ''The Threat of AI and Our Response: The AI Charter of Ethics in South Korea,' offer diverse opinions on the natural selection of artificial intelligence, examining major threats that may arise from AI, including AI's value judgment and malicious use, and emphasizing the need for immediate discussions on social solutions. Such contemplation is not merely a technical issue but also significant from an ethical standpoint, requiring thoughtful consideration of how the development of AI harmonizes with human welfare and values. It is also essential to emphasize the importance of cooperation between artificial intelligence and humans. Hendrycks's work, while speculative, is supported by historical observations of inevitable evolution given the right conditions, and it prompts deep contemplation of these issues, setting the stage for future research focused on AI safety, regulation, and ethical considerations.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2023

This study analyzed and identified various causes of caustic alarms of 163 fire detectors that occurred from January 2019 to December 2021 at domestic semiconductor manufacturing plants equipped with about 30,000 fire detectors, and proposed a new non-fire prevention cause investigation plan by applying the NFPA 921 scientific methodology. The results of the study are as follows. First, in terms of necessary recognition and problem definition, an analog detector and an integrated monitoring system were proposed to quickly determine the location and installation space information of the fire detector. Second, in order to prevent speculative causes and errors in various analyses in terms of data analysis and hypothesis establishment, non-fire reports were classified into five by factor and defined, and the causes of occurrence by factor were classified and proposed. Finally, in terms of hypothesis verification and final hypothesis selection, a non-fire prevention improvement termination process and a final hypothesis verification sheet were proposed to prevent the cause from causing re-error.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제68권3호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2024

This study aims to elucidate the mechanism involved in the hydrolysis of the hexacyanoferrate(III) complex ion (Fe(CN)₆^3-) and the mechanism leading to the formation of Prussian blue (Fe^III₄[Fe_II(CN)₆]₃·xH₂O, PB) in acidic aqueous solutions at moderately elevated temperatures. Hydrolysis constitutes a crucial step in generating PB through the widely used single-source or precursor method. Recent PB syntheses predominantly rely on the single-source method, where hexacyanoferrate(II/III) is the exclusive reactant, as opposed to the co-precipitation method employing bare metal ions and hexacyanometalate ions. Despite the widespread adoption of the single-source method, mechanistic exploration remains largely unexplored and speculative. Utilizing UV-vis spectrophotometry, negative-ion mode liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS), and a devised reaction, this study identifies crucial intermediates, including aqueous Fe^2+/3+ ions and hydrocyanic acid (HCN) in the solution. These two intermediates eventually combine to form thermodynamically stable PB. The findings presented in this research significantly contribute to understanding the fundamental mechanism underlying the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the hexacyanoferrate(III) complex ion and the subsequent formation of PB, as proposed in the sequential mechanism introduced herein. This finding might contribute to the cost-effective synthesis of PB by incorporating diverse metal ions and potassium cyanide.

• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.553-561
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• 2016

웹으로부터 얻어진 데이터를 통해 자동적으로 온톨로지를 확장하는 많은 기계학습 방법들이 존재한다. 또한 대용량 온톨로지 추론에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 웹으로부터 얻어진 다양한 데이터의 신뢰성 문제를 고려하지 않으면, 불확실성을 내포하는 추론결과를 초래하는 문제점이 있다. 현재 대용량 온톨로지의 신뢰도를 반영하는 추론에 대한 연구가 부족하기 때문에 신뢰 값 기반의 대용량 온톨로지 추론 방법론이 요구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 인메모리 기반의 분산 클러스터 프레임워크인 스파크 환경에서 신뢰 값 기반의 대용량 OWL Horst 추론 방법에 대해서 설명한다. 기존의 연구들의 문제점인 중복 추론된 데이터의 신뢰 값을 통합하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한 추론의 성능을 저하시키는 문제를 해결할 수 있는 분산 병렬 추론 알고리즘을 설명한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 신뢰 값 기반의 추론 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 LUBM3000을 대상으로 실험을 진행했고, 기존의 추론엔진인 WebPIE에 비해 약 2배 이상의 성능을 얻었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2010

The concepts of laws like regularity or persistence or recurrence those are discovered in nature, became the essential elements in speculative philosophy, study and scientific technology. Western civilization was spread out by these natural laws. As this background, this study is aimed to research the theories of natural laws and the development of geometry as the descriptive tools and the development aspects of the concepts of space. According to Whitehead's four theories on the natural laws, the result of this study that aimed like that as follows. First, the theories on the immanence and imposition of the natural laws were the predominant ideas from ancient Greek to before the scientific revolution, the theory on the simple description like the positivism made the Newton-Cartesian mechanism and an absolutist world view. The theory on the conventional interpretation made the organicism and relativism world view according to non-Euclidean geometry. Second, the geometrical composition of ancient Greek architecture was an aesthetics that represented the immanence of natural laws. Third, in the basic symbol of medieval times, the numeral symbol was the frame of thought and was an important principal of architecture. Fourth, during the Renaissance, architecture was regarded as mathematics that made the order of universe to visible things and the geometry was regarded as an important architectural principal. Fifth, according to the non-Euclidean geometry, it was possible to present the natural phenomena and the universe. Sixth, topology made to lapse the division of traditional floor, wall and ceiling in contemporary architecture and made to build the continuous space. Seventy, the new nature was explained by fractal concepts not by Euclidean shapes, fractal presented that the essence of nature had not mechanical and linear characteristic but organic and non-linear characteristic.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.280-295
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• 2014

본 연구는 최소걸침나무(minimal spanning tree) 기법을 2003년 7월-2014년 3월 기간 동안의 수도권 아파트 매매시장에 적용하여 주택시장 네트워크의 위상학적인 구조를 분석한다. 이러한 기법의 적용을 통해 파악된 수도권 아파트 매매시장 네트워크의 위상학적인 구조의 특성들은 주식시장에서 발견되는 그것들과 정도의 차이는 있지만 어느 정도 공유하고 있다. 이는 네트워크의 계층구조, 네트워크 내 하위집단의 구분, 시간에 따른 결절 간 수익률의 전염 확산, 시간 종속적인 네트워크 구조에 따른 상관관계 붕괴 현상 등을 포함한다. 이는 분석 기간 동안에 아파트가 자산으로서 투기적 동기에 강렬하게 휩싸여 있었으며 유동성이 상대적으로 가장 뛰어난 주택 상품이라는 것에 어느 정도 기인하는 것으로 보인다.