• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.461-468
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• 2021

The genus Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales) plays an important role in forest ecosystems as an ectomycorrhizal fungus, contributing to nutrient cycles through symbiosis with many types of trees. Though understanding Laccaria diversity and distribution patterns, as well as its association with host plants, is fundamental to constructing a balanced plant diversity and conducting effective forest management, previous studies have not been effective in accurately investigating, as they relied heavily on specimen collection alone. To investigate the true diversity and distribution pattern of Laccaria species and determine their host types, we used four different approaches: specimen-based analysis, open database search (ODS), NGS analysis, and species-specific PCR (SSP). As a result, 14 Laccaria species have been confirmed in Korea. Results regarding the species distribution pattern were different between specimen-based analysis and SSP. However, when both were integrated, the exact distribution pattern of each Laccaria species was determined. In addition, the SSP revealed that many Laccaria species have a wide range of host types. This study shows that using these four different approaches is useful in determining the diversity, distribution, and host of ECM fungi. Furthermore, results obtained for Laccaria will serve as a baseline to help understand the role of ECM fungi in forest management in response to climate change.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.15-27
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• 2024

Ecosystem-disturbing plant species pose a significant threat to native ecosystems due to their high reproductive capacity, making it essential to monitor their distribution and develop effective mitigation strategies. Consequently, it is crucial to enhance the evaluation of the impacts of these species in environmental impact assessments by incorporating scientific evidence alongside qualitative assessments. This study introduces a dispersal model into the species distribution model to simulate the potential spread of ecosystem-disturbing plant species, reflecting their ecological characteristics. Additionally, we developed mitigation scenarios and quantitatively calculated reduction rates to propose effective mitigation strategies. The species distribution model showed a reliable AUC (Area Under the Curve) of at least 0.890. The dispersal model's results were also credible, with 31 out of 34 validation coordinates falling within the predicted spread range. Simulating the impact of the spread of ecosystem-disturbing plant species over the next five years revealed that one project site had potential habitats for Ambrosia artemisiifolia, necessitating robust mitigation measures such as seed removal. Another project site, with potential habitats for Symphyotrichum pilosum, indicated that physical removal methods within the site were effective due to the species' relatively short dispersal distance. These findings can serve as fundamental data for project executors and reviewers in evaluating the impact of the spread of ecosystem-disturbing plant species during the planning stages of projects.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.513-521
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• 1994

Distribution patern of 30 species that are occurring predominantly in the mantle communities (Mantelgesellschaften) in South Korea was studied. The study was arried out by geographic and bioclimatic analysis on 368 releves obtained from the Zurich-Montpellier School's method, which involves direct analysis on the latitude, altitude, annual mean temperature and the lowest temperature of the site. Rosa multiflora and Pueraria thunbergiana which are regarded as repersentative pioneer species to the mantle community has the highest frequency, 70.1% and 60.3%, respectively. Three distribution patterns were recognized, i.e. northern type, central type and southern type, and each type was characterized by horizontal and altitudinal amplitude. Their concetrate distribution ranges on the annual mean temperature were 8~11℃, 9~12℃ and 10~13℃, respectively. It was recognized that tendencies of overlapping and continuous distribution pattern of the types and species exist. Geographically, the souther limit f the northern type is 35.5。N and the northern limit of the southern type 37.0。N. The central type is located at an coincided with the previous study in which cool-temperate forests were synchorologically indentified into northern/altimontane, certral/montane and southern/submontane type. The subsidiary knowledges from this study will provide practical information on the constructuin of the fence plant community for environmental conservation.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.53-63
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• 2024

Biodiversity holds significant importance within the framework of environmental impact assessment, being utilized in site selection for development, understanding the surrounding environment, and assessing the impact on species due to disturbances. The field of environmental impact assessment has seen substantial research exploring new technologies and models to evaluate and predict biodiversity more accurately. While current assessments rely on data from fieldwork and literature surveys to gauge species richness indices, limitations in spatial and temporal coverage underscore the need for high-resolution biodiversity assessments through species richness mapping. In this study, leveraging data from the 4th National Ecosystem Survey and environmental variables, we developed a species distribution model using Random Forest. This model yielded mapping results of 24 mammalian species' distribution, utilizing the species richness index to generate a 100-meter resolution map of species richness. The research findings exhibited a notably high predictive accuracy, with the species distribution model demonstrating an average AUC value of 0.82. In addition, the comparison with National Ecosystem Survey data reveals that the species richness distribution in the high-resolution species richness mapping results conforms to a normal distribution. Hence, it stands as highly reliable foundational data for environmental impact assessment. Such research and analytical outcomes could serve as pivotal new reference materials for future urban development projects, offering insights for biodiversity assessment and habitat preservation endeavors.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.209-222
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• 2008

To understand physical structures in the Korean waters, we investigated the spatio-temporal distribution of Pontella species known as indicator species of water mass using a David-Hempel neuston net from April 2002 to March 2003. Five Pontella species (P. chierchiae Giesbrecht, P. fera Dana, P. latifurca Chen and Zhang, P. securifer Brady and P. sinica Chen and Zhang) were found. Their abundance increased from May to October with increasing the surface water temperature. Pontella chierchiae predominantly appeared in the whole areas while P. latifurca scarcely occurred in coastal waters. The other three species (P. fera, P. securifer and P. sinica) were rarely found in the South Sea of Korea on August to September. We suggest that P. securifer and P. fera as oceanic species can play a role in an indicator species of the Tsushima Warm Current while P. sinica as Chinese coastal species is affected by the diluted waters of the Yantze River. We also provide re-description of the three species (P. chierchiae, P. fera and P. latifurca) insufficiently described and discuss their zoogeography.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2014

The study attempts to assess the status, distribution, conservation and use value of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant (MAPs) in the Sagarmatha National Park. Altogether 62 species of MAPs belonging to 47 genera and 33 families have been recorded in the study area. 10 species, belonging to 9 families are categorized as the potential species. Out of the these species, most potential in local but threatened species are Allium hypsistum Stearn, Cordyceps sinensis Sacc, Dactylorhiza hatagirea Soo, Nardostachys grandiflora DC, Aconitum orochryseum, Ephedra gerardiana Wall. Ex. Stapf, Swertia multicaulis D. Don, Picrorhiza scrophulariflora Penne, Rheum australe. D. Don, Malva verticillataL and Swertia pedicallata Benerji. By analysis of data using Simpson's diversity index (SI) and Shannon weaver function (H'), there was high diversity (more heterogeneous) MAPs species composition in the Manjo Gate to Large Dobhan. (0.98349). Less diversity (less heterogeneous) MAPs species composition was in Tyanboche to Pangoche (0.90419). Similarly, the Shannon weaver function shows that in plots laying out in Mongla to Phorche are evenly distributed than others However, higher MAPs species (i.e., 31) was found in the way of Manjo Gate to Larja Dobhan than others.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2012

Tintinnid species distribution has been monitored in the northern East China Sea (ECS) in the summer of 2006 through 2011. This is used to understand the water mass movements in the northern ECS. The warm oceanic tintinnid species had largely spread in 2007 in the area, indicating that there was greater warm water extension into the northern ECS. However the extension of neritic water within the Changjiang diluted water mass has strengthened in 2008 and 2010 because the neritic species distribution had relatively grown in both years. These annual results based on the biological indicators of tintinnid species are well matched with the salinity change in the area. The warm oceanic species, Dadayiella ganymedes had frequently occurred over the study years and had shown a significant relationship with the salinity change. This is valuable as a key stone species for monitoring the intrusion of the Kuroshio within the northern ECS. Information from tintinnid biological indicators can support physical oceanography data to confirm ambiguous water mass properties.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetation, distribution and growth pattern of Glehnia littoralis community by the DCA ordination method in eastern coast of Korea. The number of plant species growth with G. littoralis in natural habitat was found 51 taxa, and species of high frequency among 51 taxa was Ixeris repens, Calystegia soldanella, Carex kobomugi, Elymus mollis, Lathyrus japonica and Zoysia macrostachya. Indicator species of Z. macrostachya, Linaria japonica, C. soldanella, I. repens, Carex pumila, Artemisia capillaris, Oenothera biennis, L. japonica and E. mollis in G. littoralis community was differential species of syntaxonomy. C. kobomugi, Z. macrostachya, E. mollis, Cynodon dactylon and L. japonica was the distribution in dryness sand and moisture sandyloam, I. repens, C. soldanella, L. japonica and C. pumila was the distribution in dryness sand. In coastal dune, I. repens, C. soldanella, Salsola komarovi and G. littoralis combined strength of the distribution, and sand of coast was typical of the habitat.

• ALGAE
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.29-47
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• 2003

In order to investigate the distribution of dominant phytoplankton species in the coastal waters of Gori, Wolseong, Uljin and Younggwang, the standing crops of dominant species were studied during 1992-1996 and the relationships between standing crops and environmental variables were analyzed.The standing crops of diatom Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira decipiens, Chaetoceros debilis, Pseudo-nitzchia seriata, Paralia sulcata and dinoflgaellate Prorocentrum triestinum were on average from 16,373 to 118,549 cellso$l^{-1}$, from 11,180 to 210,313 cellso$l^{-1}$, from 23,341 to 55,889 cellso$l^{-1}$, from 6,784 to 15,766 cellso$l^{-1}$, from 342 to 41,596 cellso$l^{-1}$ and from 4,828 to 22,397 cellso$l^{-1}$ in the four study areas, respectively. The standing crops of Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira decipiens and Paralia sulcata were higher in Younggwang, while Chaetoceros debilis, Pseudo-nitzschia seriata and Prorocentrum triestinum were higher in Wolseong than other areas. The standing crops of silicoflgaellate Distephanus speculum were from 157 to 4,239 cellso$l^{-1}$ in the four study areas, showing an tendency increasing in Uljin. The abundance rates of Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira decipiens and Chaetoceros debilis were from 7.04 to 15.74%, from 6.95 to 33.69% and from 5.17 to 13.88% in the four study areas, respectivelyThe results of correlation coefficient between standing crops of dominant species and environmental variables show that phosphates were related with the distribution of dominant species in Gori, Uljin and Younggwang, while nitrogen compounds affected the distribution of dominant species in Wolseong. In addition, salinity and temperature affected the distribution of dominant species in Wolseong and Younggwang, respectively.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 2016

This paper reports the species of macromycetes collected in Mongolia: all the species are new to the area. Brief notes on taxonomy, ecology and distribution of the species are added. A total of 30 species of macromycetes were registered, 1 belonging to the division Ascomycota and 29 to the division Basidiomycota. It has been registered that 30 species belong to 25 genera, 17 families and occur in the flora fungus of Mongolia, until now. Specimen for 150 of samples macromycetes collected from June to August, 2015 in Tuv, Arkhangai and Huvsgul were enveloped. Macromycetes have been occured in 9 of 16 geographic regions. According to our studies 2 species in Khubsgul region, 2 species in Khangai region, 3 species in Khingan, 3 species in Dornod Mongol, 1 species in Khentei regions newly registered respectively. As a result of this work, determined 7 species (23%) of macromycetes in forest steppe and steppe regions and 23 species (77%) of them in forest region. The trophic structure for the fungal species is as follows: 2 species lignophite (7%), 4 species moss saprophyte (13%), 5 species soil saprophyte (17%), 15 species mycorrhiz (50%) of all species were respectively.