• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2020

This study explores the effect of time-deals, i.e., online promotions with time limit. Recently many online/mobile shopping sites in China utilize so called hot deal marketing technique for a short duration at a specific time. The purpose of "time-deals" is to attract online shoppers with deep discounted price and induce consumers to purchase items. This paper examines the effect of time-deals on sales volume, firstly by comparing the sales volume of time-deal days with that of no time-deal days and secondly by comparing the sales volume of days before and after two types of time deals, usual time-deals and special time-deals, Although some prior research studied the role of time-deals in promoting consumers' purchase behavior, most used the experimental approach by building mock-up shopping sites and asking participants purchase intention. However, purchase intention does not always result in purchase behavior. This study extracted actual purchase data for four items on time-deals from an online shopping site in China. A comparison of sales volumes on time-deal days with no time-deal days has shown the significant difference in the sales volumes. This finding confirms the positive effect of time-deals on purchase behavior. This study has also found that special time-deals soak up near-future demands in advance and lower the sales after the special time-deal event, although there is no significant difference in sales before and after usual time-deals.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.562-572
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• 2023

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of Aralia elata shoots according to different packaging methods during storage at 2℃. The highest level of dehydration and wilting incidences were observed in polypropylene containers with polyvinyl chloride wrap (PP+PVC), and these levels continually increased during the entire storage period, compared to other packaging methods. The overall marketability of A. elata shoot packaged in polyethylene terephthalate container (PET) and PP with the mineral-coted functional warp (PP+F) constantly declined during storage with a similar level of 38.6 and 36.0% at 15 days in storage, respectively. PP with PET cover packaging (PP+PET) showed the lowest decay and wilting rates during the entire storage, and the wilting score at 10th day was 51.9, 58.0, 51.8% suppressed, as compared to PET, PP+PVC, and PP+F, respectively. Consequently PP+PET packaging effectively decreased the deterioration of A. elata and maintained marketability for 10 days of storage at 2℃.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권10호
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• pp.1278-1285
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• 2018

For saving electricity bill, energy storage system(ESS) is being installed in factories, public building and commercial building with a Time-of-Use(TOU) tariff which consists of demand charge(KRW/kW) and energy charge(KRW/kWh). However, both of peak reduction and ESS special tariff are not considered in an analysis of initial cost payback period(ICPP) on ESS. Since it is difficult to reflect base rate by an amount of uncertain peak demand reduction during mid-peak and on-peak periods in the future days. Therefore, the ICPP on ESS can be increased. Based on this background, this paper presents the advanced analysis method for the ICPP on ESS. In the proposed algorithm, the representative days of monthly electricity consumption pattern for the amount of peak reduction can be found by the k­means clustering algorithm. Moreover, the total expected energy costs of representative days are minimized by optimal daily ESS operation considering both peak reduction and the special tariff through a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP). And then, the amount of peak reduction becomes a value that the sum of the expected energy costs for 12 months is maximum. The annual benefit cost is decided by the amount of annual peak reduction. Two simulation cases are considered in this study, which one only considers the special tariff and another considers both of the special tariff and amount of peak reduction. The ICPP in the proposed method is shortened by 18 months compared to the conventional method.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2004

According to construction of global administration environment, all over the world was ended up in infinite competition period. Because eating out company also competes with another company, it must enjoy competitive power high position to secure high position continuously, classified by formation constituent's individuation and two aspects of organic special quality by the factor. Individuation classified by formation constituent's business ability, personal relations, age factors of Information Technology, and organic special quality classifies by factor of formation culture and result that analyze eating out company's business condition competitive power reinforcement effect factor is same as following. First, was construed by company culture, personal relations, business ability period of ten days with family Restaurant, and Information Technology showed that do not influence. Competitive power reinforcement effect factor with special restaurant was construed by company culture, personal relations, business ability period of ten days, and fast food company culture and Information Technology factor with hotel restaurant company culture by competitive power reinforcement effect factor construe.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2019

플라스틱 비닐을 이용한 톱밥배지를 기반으로 하는 표고 재배방식은 환경문제를 일으킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 비닐 대신 플라스틱 용기를 이용하여 표고의 재배실험을 실시하였다. 참나무 톱밥과 밀기울을 4:1 비율로 혼합하여 함수율을 65%로 맞춘 톱밥배지를 분리가 가능한 플라스틱 용기에 입병하였다. 접종한 배지는 배양일, 명배양 광조건 등을 달리하여 80일 또는 120일간 배양하였다. NIFoS 2464 균주에서는 300 Lux의 광도에서 명배양을 진행하였을 경우 배지의 중량감소율이 더 높았고, 빛의 세기는 배지의 중량감소와 연관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 버섯 발생시에는 발생실의 공기순환 팬 속도를 달리하였다. NIFoS 2464 균주는 암배양 80일, 명배양 500 Lux에서 40일, 공기순환 팬 속도 30 rpm에서 가장 높은 생산량을 나타내었다. 120일 동안 배양된 병 배지의 경우, 명배양을 40일간 진행한 배지에서 생산량이 더 높았다. 암배양을 80일간 진행한 배지의 경우 배지 상면으로의 반복적인 살수작업 및 배양실 내의 빛 자극으로 인해 자실체가 발생하였다. 첫 수확 후 배지의 수축으로 인해 배지는 병으로부터 분리되었다. 분리된 플라스틱 병은 버섯 재배에 재사용할 수 있으며 이를 이용하면 플라스틱 폐기물의 양을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2009

These days the trend of special education is changing from special school-based education to special class room based education, and from separated education to integrated education. In accordance with this change, special classes should be planned for multi purposes so that the class room can be used for the place of teaching and learning, guidance, job education. This research surveyed the special teachers working for 937 schools which have special classes(elementary 631, middle 217 high school 89). The result of this survey shows the different responses according to the level of the schools. For education activities, elementary and middle schools put emphasis on curriculum rather than guidance. High education, elementary school should have the places for teaching and learning, student management, play ground. Middle schools give priority to the places for individual learning, computer and practical training. High schools value the places for job education and practical training above for learning.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2021

국립산림과학원이 개발한 표고 품종 6개를 대상으로 사각블럭배지에 적합한 품종을 선발하고자 하였다. 100일째 중량감소율은 평균 14.4% (12.8%~15.7%) 였다. 발생작업 후 5~7일에 발이조사 결과 배지당 2~36개였고, 만추향>산산향>산백향>밤빛향>산장향>태향고 순이었다. 대길이는 41~59 mm였고 태향고>산백향>밤빛향>만추향>산장향>산산향 순으로 길었다. 대길이가 짧고 대두께가 굵은 품종은 산산향이 우수하였다. 개체당 중량은 33~77 g였고 태향고>밤빛향>산산향>만추향>산장향>산백향 순이었다. 2 kg 배지의 생산량은 산백향이 가장 많은 582 g이었고 밤빛향>만추향>태향고>산산향>산장향 순이었다. 버섯 갓의 경도는 1,218~1,839 g/10 mm였고 태향고가 1,839 g/10 mm로 가장 단단하였고 밤빛향이 가장 낮았다. 결론적으로 사각블럭배지 재배조건에서 버섯 생산량은 산백향과 밤빛향이 좋았고, 버섯 형태면에서 산산향이 우수하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권3호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2014

다래의 수확적기를 판정할 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 다래 신품종 '새한', '대성' 및 '칠보'의 생육시기별 과실품질과 후숙 특성을 조사하였다. 과실의 비대는 '새한', '대성' 및 '칠보'의 경우 각각 만개 후 66일, 85일 및 78일 까지 진행되었다. 생장곡선은 3품종 모두 이중 S자형으로 나타났다. 상관분석 결과 세 품종 모두 과실 무게가 증가할수록 과실 내 종자수가 많아지는 정의 상관관계가 있었다(r = 0.94~0.97, p<0.01). 과실의 크기, 가용성 고형물 함량 및 산함량에서 품종 간 및 과실의 생육시기 간에 통계적인 유의적 차이가 있었다. 산함량은 3품종 모두 수확적기까지 증가하였고, 수확적기의 산함량은 '새한' 1.77%, '대성' 1.22%, '칠보' 1.37%로 나타났다. 수확 후 후숙 특성을 조사한 결과 수확적기의 만개 후 생육일수는 '새한'이 108일(9월 23일), '대성'과 '칠보'가 92일(9월 9일)로 나타났다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1285-1293
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• 2008

Locking sheet is to display the contents of interlocking equipment for safe train drive in stations. It is being used as a basic information for interlocking equipment and for route control condition and the discussion for train operation between related parties. In spite of importance of this, there was no other way except depending on the work by hands from each stage(drawing, examination, discussion, approval) due to non-existing any tool. It is written it takes 30days from drawing to approval by procedures. However, it is required over the days in real time due to argument of each party. Furthermore on drawing of locking sheet, special conditions applied in accordance with situations of each station occasionally are different depending on the person in charge. Therefore, it is urgent to make up Logic Tree to accept special conditions of all stations. Automation Program for Drawing and Examination of Locking Sheet is to improve inefficient interlocking operation which was operated by hands in accordance with custom as automated system. The target of this program is to minimize the processing time and potential errors by personal work and set up standards for Logic Tree of special condition.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.379-384
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• 1998

Conventional short-term load forecasting techniques have limitation in their use on holidays due to dissimilar load behaviors of holidays and insufficiency of pattern data. Thus, a new short-term load forecasting method for special days in anomalous load conditions is proposed in this paper. The proposed method uses two Artificial Neural Networks(ANN); one is for the estimation of load curve, and the other is for the estimation of minimum and maximum value of load. The forecasting procedure is as follows. First, the normalized load curve is estimated by ANN. At next step, minimum and maximum values of load in a special day are estimated by another ANN. Finally, the estimate of load in a whole special day is obtained by combining these two outputs of ANNs. The proposed method shows a good performance, and it may be effectively applied to the practical situations.