• Title/Summary/Keyword: Spearman coefficient

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The Correlation between GRBAS Scales and MDVP Parameters on the Pathologic Voices of the Patients with Vocal Polyps (성대 폴립 환자를 대상으로 한 GRBAS 척도와 MDVP 측정치 간의 상관관계 연구)

  • 표화영;최성희;임성은;심현섭;최홍식;김광문
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.154-163
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    • 1999
  • GRBAS scale, the tool fir the perceptual evaluation of voice, demands the experience of judges, and MDVP parameters of CSL, the tool for the objective measurements of voice quality demands the exact interpretation of the analyzed results. The two tools should be used as compensatory evaluation methods, so the experimental study was performed to investigate the correlation between GRBAS scales and MDVP parameters by using the pathologic voice of the 30 patients with vocal polyps, and to know the significant MDVP parameters which the inexperienced GRBAS scale judges should attend to. The 30 subjects voices, saved in MDVP of CSL were analyzed by its own analysis program, and three experienced voice therapists judged the same voices by using GRBAS scales. The correlations between them were analyzed by Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient. As results, among the 29 MDVP parameters, 22 parameters showed statistically significant correlation with Grade(G) scale(p<0.05). And it was found that Roughness(R) scale showed significant correlation with 18 parameters, Breathiness(B) scale with 17 parameters, Strain(S) scale with 12 parameters. In Asthenicity(A) scale, no parameter showed significant correlation. On the whole, significantly high correlation were found in the parameters related with pitch ind amplitude perturbation, especially, the amplitude perturbation.

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The Effects of Switching Cost Perceived by Patients and Negative Word of Mouth on Revisiting Intention for Hospital Patients (의료기관 이용자가 지각한 전환비용, 부정적 구전이 재이용의도에 미치는 영향)

  • Ko, Yu-Kyung;Kim, Byeong-Jin
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.5-13
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of patient perception of the switching cost and negative word of mouth on revisit intention of patients in out-patient departments (OPDs) of general hospitals. Method: The participants were 306 patients in general hospital, selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, and logistic regression with SPSS Win. Results: Relational switching cost was positively correlated with revisit intention (r=.58, p=<.001), but not financial switching cost or procedural switching cost. Negative word of mouth was negatively correlated with revisit intention (r=-.22, p=<.001). The significant predictors influencing revisit intention in patients was relational switching cost. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that hospital and nursing managers should seek to bolster perceptions of switching costs and negative word of mouth, which subsequently increases revisit intentions in small hospitals located in the country as well as urban large hospitals.

Nursing Student Academic Achievement depending on College Entrance System-related Factors (대학입학전형 관련 요인에 따른 간호학과 1학년의 학업성취 분석 : 일 대학 간호학과를 대상으로)

  • Kim, Mi Won;Lee, Han Ju;Lee, Yoon Ju
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.596-605
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: This study aims to understand the influence of college entrance system-related factors and scores of college scholastic ability test on a first year nursing student's academic achievement. Method: Data collected include both a descriptive survey designed to assess college entrance system-related factors with respect to 182 nursing students attending a 4-year nursing college program and their test scores in the first year. The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test with Bonferroni's correction, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient through an SPSS 18.0 program. Results: Student academic achievement with regard to college entrance system-related factors exhibited significant divergence from first year grade point averages (hereafter GPA) and natural science grades. Conclusion: This study confirmed the existence of significant differences, depending on the factors regarding the college entrance system. As a result, conducting assessment to evaluate the level of basic knowledge before college entrance is highly recommended. Also recommended is the development of a support program for students projected to have difficulties with respect to their academic achievement.

A Study on the relation of health concern, health behavior, and subjective health status between the aged and the preliminary aged group (예비노인 집단과 노인집단의 건강관심도 및 건강행위, 주관적인 건강상태와의 관련성 연구)

  • 김남진
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.99-110
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this research was to provide basic data to the welfare policy for the aged by studying the relation of health concern, health behavior, and subjective health condition between the aged and the preliminary aged group. Subjects were composed of a total of 259 (116 males, 143 females) living in seoul, aged 50-64(preliminary old people) and over 65(old people), and they were asked to answer the survey Questionnaires The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and spearman's correlation coefficient. As a result of the study, the preliminary aged group was significant than the aged group in all three variables. In the relation of health concern and health behavior, there was significance both for the preliminary aged(p〈0.01) and the aged group(p〈0.001). Also, there was significance in the relation of health behavior and subjective health condition of two groups(p〈0.001). However, in the relation of subjective health condition and health concern, there was significance only for the aged group(p〈0.001). For the correlation among three variables, there was significance in the relation between health concern and health behavior and between health behavior and subjective health condition of the preliminary aged group(p〈0.01), but there was significance in the relation between health concern and health behavior and between health behavior and subjective health condition of the aged group(p〈0.01).

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Symptom Experience, Self-Efficacy, Depression, and Medication Adherence in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (만성 폐쇄성 폐질환 환자의 증상경험, 자기효능감, 우울과 약물복용 이행 간의 관계)

  • Park, Sumin;Kang, Younhee
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.170-178
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: This study was done to investigate the correlation among symptom experience, self-efficacy, depression, and medication adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Participants were 100 patients with COPD recruited in one general hospital in Seoul. A structured questionnaire was used to measure the study variables. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: Symptom experience and depression were positively correlated (r=.41, p<.001), symptom experience and self-efficacy were negatively correlated (r=-.21, p=.035). Depression was negatively correlated with self-efficacy (r=-.60, p<.001) and medication adherence (r=-.48, p<.001). Self-efficacy and medication adherence were positively correlated(r=.76 p<.001). Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that depression and self-efficacy are important variables related to medication adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, depression and self-efficacy should be assessed, and customized nursing interventions should be provided in order to increase medication adherence.

A Study on Relationship between Hot Flush and Pulse Energy Measured by 3D Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer in Women Who Complain of Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Syndrome (갱년기증후군 환자의 안면홍조 증상과 맥 에너지와의 상관성 연구)

  • Bae, Ju-Eun;Lee, Hee-Yoon;Son, Bo-Gil;Yoon, Young-Jin
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2016
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the pulse energy and hot flush in women who complain of climacteric syndrome. Methods: We analyzed the values of pulse energy on 78 of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The symptoms of patients were assessed by Kupperman’s index (KI) and Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Statistical analysis was performed by Spearman correlation coefficient and student T-test, using SPSS 18.0 for window program. Results: The results were as follows. 1. There were no statistically significant relation between pulse energy of left Cheok subtracted from left Chon and KI, MRS hot flush score. 2. When divided depending on MRS hot flush score, There were no statistically significant differences on pulse energy. Conclusions: The results suggest that there is no correlation between hot flush score and pulse energy.

Effect of Eye Drop Education on Adherence to Glaucoma Medication (점안 지도가 항녹내장 안약의 처방 순응도에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Kyung-Ji;Song, Hyun Ju;Sohn, Uy Dong
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.57 no.2
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    • pp.139-149
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    • 2013
  • Glaucoma is a potentially blinding chronic disease requiring life-long commitment to medical therapy. Failure to adhere to anti-glaucoma treatment may lead to disease progression and visual loss. This study surveyed the adherence to glaucoma eye drop and eye drop instillation technique of glaucoma patients and analyzed the improvement of the adherence and installation technique after patient education for eye drop instillation instructions. Collected responses were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, or one sample proportion test. The survey after patient education for proper eye drop instillation revealed that, even if the patients experienced the adverse effect of their eyes getting dry, they used the eye drop more regularly. They were better at instillation techniques like putting the eye drop inside the eye, and also avoiding applying too much medication or touching their eye with the eye drop bottle. Also, when the patients were divided into groups based on etiologic division, there was difference among groups regarding which category they answered has improved. The result showed improvement in adherence to glaucoma eye drop and eye drop instillation technique after patient education, implicating that patient education is an important aspect of eye care for glaucoma patient and helps them participate in the proper management.

Consumer's Product Knowledge and Information Search related to Clothing (소비자 의류 제품 지식과 외적 정보 탐색 활동에 관한 연구)

  • 이지연;박재옥
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.641-654
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the consumer's product knowledge and his/her ability to obtain information when buying clothing. For the purpose of this study, questionnaires were given to 550 university students living in Seoul and the Kwgi area. The questionnaires were designed to measure the consumer's knowledge about examine his/her method of gathering information and to obtain some personal information Vsing a base of 407 students, data was analyzed through cross- tabulation, the chi square test, the t-test, the one-way ANOVA accompanied by a post-hoc analysis with the Tukey method, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the Spearman rho. The results of this study were as follows. 1) There was a significant difference in the amount of iuormation seeking between groups with different knowledge related to clothing. 2) The use of information sources was found to be significantly related to the consumer's subjective and objective knowledge. 3) The consumer's level of knowledge about clothing was related to the store characteristics that he/she took into consideration. The difference between the groups came from the number of store characteristics taken into consideration, rather than from the contents. The group that had more knowledge related to clothing was more aware of store characteristics than the other level stoup. Price, quality, uniqueness, and variety of clothing were equally important to by groups. 4) A moderate relationship was found between the consumer's subjective and objective knowledge, and between his/her purchasing experience and objective knowledge. There was a relatively high relationship between purchasing experience and subjective knowledge.

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Assessment of Airborne Microorganisms in a Swine Wastewater Treatment Plant

  • Kim, Ki-Youn;Ko, Han-Jong;Kim, Daekeun
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.211-216
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    • 2012
  • Quantification of the airborne microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) at a swine wastewater treatment plant was performed. Microbial samples were collected at three different phases of the treatment process over a 1-yr period. Cultivation methods based on the viable counts of mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria and fungi were performed. The concentrations of airborne bacteria ranged up to about $5{\times}10^3$ colony-forming unit (CFU)/$m^3$, and those of airborne fungi ranged up to about $9{\times}10^2CFU/m^3$. The primary treatment (e.g., screen, grit removal, and primary sedimentation) was found to be the major source of airborne microorganisms at the site studied, and higher levels of airborne bacteria and fungi were observed in summer. High levels of the respirable bioaerosol (0.65 to $4.7{\mu}m$ in size) were detected in the aeration phase. Among the environmental factors studied, temperature was strongly associated with fungal aerosol generation (with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.90 and p-value <0.01). Occupational biorisks are discussed based on the observed field data.

A Study of Medication Adherence Using Textile Proximity Sensor (섬유 근접센서를 이용한 복약 여부 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Ho, Jong Gab;Wang, Changwon;Min, Se Dong
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.65 no.7
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    • pp.1257-1262
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether to take a medicine based on a measuring data using textile proximity sensor. We developed a proximity sensor of ring type using conductive textile, and acquired a data in accordance with the quantity of each pills. To evaluate our approach, we designed an experimental protocol that is counting pills subtracting the one which contains range of 0 T(Tablet, 4,100mg) from 20 T. And, The experiments were performed a nine times in the same way. In order to remove a noise and smoothen data, data preprocessing were performed using resampling method and moving average filter which has ten points. Then, we calculated a linear trend line equation, and analyzed a correlation between pill quantity and trend line equation. As a results, correlation coefficient was shown at 0.833 through using a Spearman's correlation method and we could be determined that data was continuos decreases when take a medicine.