• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.493-507
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• 2018

Due to high spatio-temporal variability of amount and optical/microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosols, satellite-based observations have been demanded for spatiotemporal monitoring the major aerosols. Observations of the heavy aerosol episodes and determination on the dominant aerosol types from a geostationary satellite can provide a chance to prepare in advance for harmful aerosol episodes as it can repeatedly monitor the temporal evolution. A new geostationary observation sensor, namely the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI), onboard the Himawari-8 platform, has been observing high spatial and temporal images at sixteen wavelengths from 2016. Using observed spectral visible reflectance and infrared brightness temperature (BT), the algorithm to find major aerosol type such as volcanic ash (VA), desert dust (DD), polluted aerosol (PA), and clean aerosol (CA), was developed. RGB color composite image shows dusty, hazy, and cloudy area then it can be applied for comparing aerosol detection product (ADP). The CALIPSO level 2 vertical feature mask (VFM) data and MODIS level 2 aerosol product are used to be compared with the Himawari-8/AHI ADP. The VFM products can deliver nearly coincident dataset, but not many match-ups can be returned due to presence of clouds and very narrow swath. From the case study, the percent correct (PC) values acquired from this comparisons are 0.76 for DD, 0.99 for PA, 0.87 for CA, respectively. The MODIS L2 Aerosol products can deliver nearly coincident dataset with many collocated locations over ocean and land. Increased accuracy values were acquired in Asian region as POD=0.96 over land and 0.69 over ocean, which were comparable to full disc region as POD=0.93 over land and 0.48 over ocean. The Himawari-8/AHI ADP algorithm is going to be improved continuously as well as the validation efforts will be processed by comparing the larger number of collocation data with another satellite or ground based observation data.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2006

이동체 데이터베이스 시스템은 연속적으로 위치와 방향을 바꾸는 이동체 집합을 관리해야 한다. 전통적인 공간색인 기법은 정적인 공간 데이터를 관리하는 목적으로 사용되기 때문에 이동체를 위한 색인으로 부적합하다. 이동체의 위치는 연속적으로 변하기 때문에, 이동체의 색인은 변경된 위치 정보를 유지하기 위하여 빈번한 갱신 연산을 수행해야 한다. 이 논문에서는 이동체들의 이동을 처리하기 위한 삽입/삭제 비용을 분석하였다. 실험 결과에서 제안하는 동적 해싱 색인이 기존의 R-트리와 고정 그리드 보다 성능이 우수하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2003

움직임 예측은 화질을 유지하면서 영상을 낮은 비트율로 부호화하는 중요한 기술이다. 일반적인 전역 탐색 방법을 사용하면 많은 계산량이 요구된다. 이전의 많은 고속 움직임 예측 방법들은 탐색점의 수를 줄이는데 초점을 두고 있기 때문에 움직임 백터 예측의 정확도가 낮다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 주위 볼록간의 시공간적 상관관계를 이용하는 새로운 움직임 예측 방법을 제안한다. 신뢰할 수 있는 예측 움직임 벡터(Reliable Predicted Motion Vector : RPMV)를 정의한 후 전역 탐색 방법과 결과를 비교하여 RPMV의 성능을 검증한다. 검증된 RPMV 의 크기와 방향을 이용하는 새로운 움직임 백터 예측 방법을 제안한다. 실험을 통해 제안된 방법을 현재까지 제안된 방법 중 효율적인 것으로 알려진 Nearest Neighbor 방법과 비교하였을 때 약 l1∼14% 정도 속도 향상이 있었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.261-269
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• 2023

In light of recent social concerns related to issues such as water supply pipe deterioration leading to problems like leaks and degraded water quality, the significance of maintenance efforts to enhance water source quality and ensure a stable water supply has grown substantially. In this study, scan statistic was applied to analyze water quality complaints and water leakage accidents from 2015 to 2021 to present a reasonable method to identify areas requiring improvement in water management. SaTScan, a spatio-temporal statistical analysis program, and ArcGIS were used for spatial information analysis, and clusters with high relative risk (RR) were determined using the maximum log-likelihood ratio, relative risk, and Monte Carlo hypothesis test for I city, the target area. Specifically, in the case of water quality complaints, the analysis results were compared by distinguishing cases occurring before and after the onset of "red water." The period between 2015 and 2019 revealed that preceding the occurrence of red water, the leak cluster at location L2 posed a significantly higher risk (RR: 2.45) than other regions. As for water quality complaints, cluster C2 exhibited a notably elevated RR (RR: 2.21) and appeared concentrated in areas D and S, respectively. On the other hand, post-red water incidents of water quality complaints were predominantly concentrated in area S. The analysis found that the locations of complaint clusters were similar to those of red water incidents. Of these, cluster C7 exhibited a substantial RR of 4.58, signifying more than a twofold increase compared to pre-incident levels. A kernel density map analysis was performed using GIS to identify priority areas for waterworks management based on the central location of clusters and complaint cluster RR data.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.100-117
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• 2022

본 연구는 지난 6년간(2015-2020) 우리나라 연안의 대형저서동물 관측 개체수를 활용하여 시·공간 군집 특성 분석을 수행하였다. 제주해역을 제외한 우리나라 서, 남, 동해에 위치한 총 154개(서해 70개, 남해 61개, 동해 23개 정점)의 연안생태조사 정점에 대하여 계절별로 각 정점에서의 주요 저서동물의 관측 개체 수 (개체 수/m²)와 퇴적환경을 조사·분석하였다. 정점별로 우리나라 연안해역의 수심, 퇴적특성, 입도특성, 강열감량 및 총 유기탄소에 대한 저서환경 특성차이를 분석하였다. 총 1,614 종의 대성저서동물이 우리나라 연안해역에서 서식하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 정점별로 평균 0.62 개체/m²의 밀도를 보였다. 시간적으로는 춘·하계(5, 8월)에 저서생물 개체 수가 높은 것으로 나타났고, 450종 이상의 다양한 종이 우리나라 연안 해역에 서식하는 것으로 나타났다. 총 개체 수에서 상위 1% 이상을 차지하는 우점종의 대부분은 환형동물인 것으로 나타났으며, 이 중 상위 5종이 전체 개체수의 20% 이상을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 상위 5개 우점 종은 각각 고리버들갯지렁이, 긴자락송곳갯지렁이, 투구갯지렁이, 오뚜기갯지렁이, 가는버들갯지렁이로 나타났다. 상위 5개 우점 종에 대하여 군집분석을 수행하여 공간적으로 구분이 되는 세 가지 군집을 도출하였다. 각 군집은 총 154개의 정점을 서, 남, 동해 연안에 위치한 정점들을 중심으로 구성이 되었으며, 이를 활용하여 군집별 저서환경 특성을 추가적으로 분석하였다. 군집 1과 3의 경우, 고리버들갯지렁이의 상대밀도가 각각 44%로 높게 나타났고, 군집 2의 경우는 동해에서 관측 개체수가 많이 발견 된 긴자락송곳갯지렁이의 상대밀도가 66%로 높게 나타났다. 특히, 군집 1과 3의 경우, 같은 종을 나타내는 군집임에도 불구하고, 모래(31.0%, 51.9%)와 진흙(15.9%, 9.7%) 함유량에서 큰 차이를 보였다.

• Asian review of World Histories
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.81-112
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• 2015

This essay interrogates the category of the 'global' in the emerging domain of 'global intellectual history'. Through a case study of the Indian social-religious reformer Rammohun Roy (1772/4-1833), I argue that notions of global selfhood and rights-consciousness (which have been preoccupying concerns of recent debates in intellectual history) have multiple conceptual and practical points of origin. Thus in early colonial India a person like Rammohun Roy could invoke centuries-old Indic terms of globality (vishva, jagat, sarva, sarvabhuta, etc.), selfhood (atman/brahman), and notions of right (adhikara) to liberation/salvation (mukti/moksha) as well as late precolonial discourses on 'worldly' rights consciousness (to life, property, religious toleration) and models of participatory governance present in an Indo-Islamic society, and hybridize these with Western-origin notions of rights and liberties. Thereby Rammohun could challenge the racial and confessional assumptions of colonial authority and produce a more deterritorialized and non-sectarian idea of selfhood and governance. However, Rammohun's comparativist world-historical notions excluded other models of selfhood and globality, such as those produced by devotional Vaishnava, Shaiva, and Shakta-Tantric discourses under the influence of non-Brahmanical communities and women. Rammohun's puritan condemnation of non-Brahmanical sexual and gender relations created a homogenized and hierarchical model of globality, obscuring alternate subaltern-inflected notions of selfhood. Class, caste, and gender biases rendered Rammohun supportive of British colonial rule and distanced him from popular anti-colonial revolts and social mobility movements in India. This article argues that today's intellectual historians run the risk of repeating Rammohun's biases (or those of Hegel's Weltgeschichte) if they privilege the historicity and value of certain models of global selfhood and rights-consciousness (such as those derived from a constructed notion of the 'West' or from constructed notions of various 'elite' classicized 'cultures'), to the exclusion of models produced by disenfranchised actors across the world. Instead of operating through hierarchical assumptions about local/global polarity, intellectual historians should remain sensitive to and learn from the universalizable models of selfhood, rights, and justice produced by actors in different spatio-temporal locations and intersections.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2018

With increasing satellite-based RS(Remotely Sensed) techniques, RS soil moisture footprints have been providing for various purposes at the spatio-temporal scales in hydrology, agriculture, etc. However, their coarse resolutions still limit the applicability of RS soil moisture to field regions. To overcome these drawbacks, the LDA(Landsat-based Downscaling Algorithm) was developed to downscale RS soil moisture footprints from the coarse- to finer-scales. LDA estimates Landsat-based soil moisture($30m{\times}30m$) values in a spatial domain, and then the weighting values based on the Landsat-based soil moisture estimates were derived at the finer-scale. Then, the coarse-scale RS soil moisture footprints can be downscaled based on the derived weighting values. The LW21(Little Washita) site in Oklahoma(USA) was selected to validate the LDA scheme. In-situ soil moisture data measured at the multiple sampling locations that can reprent the airborne sensing ESTAR(Electronically Scanned Thinned Array Radiometer, $800m{\times}800m$) scale were available at the LW21 site. LDA downscaled the ESTAR soil moisture products, and the downscaled values were validated with the in-situ measurements. The soil moisture values downscaled from ESTAR were identified well with the in-situ measurements, although uncertainties exist. Furthermore, the SMAP(Soil Moisture Active & Passive, $9km{\times}9km$) soil moisture products were downscaled by the LDA. Although the validation works have limitations at the SMAP scale, the downscaled soil moisture values can represent the land surface condition. Thus, the LDA scheme can downscale RS soil moisture products with easy application and be helpful for efficient water management plans in hydrology, agriculture, environment, etc. at field regions.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.700-707
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• 2003

Surface sediments in the mouth area of Jinhae Bay were investigated to evaluate the benthic environment in terms of geochemical criteria and macrobenthos abundance. Characteristics of the surface sediment distribution exhibited muddy sediments in the most part of study area. Some mixed sediments of coarse sand and mud were distributed along the coastal area of Geoje Island and around the Jeo Islands. Organic matter from ignition loss and total organic carbon from CHNS varied between $8.8-1.7\%,\;and\;4.62-0.77\%,$ respectively. The source of organic matter based on the C/S ratio was mixed with in situ biogenic and terrigenous organic matter. The C/S ratio of organic matter also suggested both an anoxic bottom condition in several parts of the study area. The content of hydrogen sulfide in surface sediment was extremely variable and showed spatio-temporal variation from site to site. In several locations, the content of hydrogen sulfide as an index of eutrophication was over the critical value (0.2 mg/g), suggesting that several parts of the study area were not favorable for the habitat of macrobenthos. The relationship among the number of individuals of marcrobenthos, hydrogen sulfide, and organic matter was not clear, but a potential negative relationship between individuals of marcrobenthos and hydrogen sulfide was indicated.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

GPS 및 무선 통신 기술의 진보와 네트워크의 활성화 및 단말기의 소형화를 통해 이동하는 차량의 위치 추적이 가능해지고, 위치를 기반으로 한 서비스 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 위치기반 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 수많은 이동 객체 데이타를 빠르게 저장, 검색하기 위한 색인 기술이 필수적이다. 그러나 기존의 이동 객체 색인은 각각의 입력받는 위치 정보를 직접 색인에 입력하기 때문에 많은 비용이 든다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 색인의 입력 비용을 효과적으로 줄이는 버퍼 노드 방식을 제안하고, 이를 활용한 GU-트리를 설계한다. 제안된 버퍼 노드 방식은 입력받는 이동 객체 정보를 넌 리프 노드 단위로 그룹화하여 색인에 저장함으로써 데이타를 입력하는 시간을 효과적으로 줄인다. 그리고 기존의 색인과 비교 실험함으로써, 버퍼 노드 입력 방식이 이동 객체 색인의 데이타 입력 비용을 효과적으로 줄이고, 특정 시점 질의에서 검색의 성능을 높이는 것을 확인한다. 제안된 버퍼 노드 방식은 여행 가이드 및 물류 차량 관리 시스템과 같이 빈번한 위치 갱신이 이루어지는 환경에서 효과적으로 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.273-285
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• 2011

This study describes the modeling of climate change impact on runoff across southeast Korea using a conceptual rainfall-runoff model TANK and assesses the results using the concept of environmental flows developed by International Water Management Institute. The future climate time series is obtained by scaling the historical series, informed by 4 global climate models and 3 greenhouse gas emission scenarios, to reflect a $4.0^{\circ}C$ increase at most in average surface air temperature and 31.7% increase at most in annual precipitation, using the spatio-temporal changing factor method that considers changes in the future mean seasonal rainfall and potential evapotranspiration as well as in the daily rainfall distribution. Although the simulation results from different global circulation models and greenhouse emission scenarios indicate different responses in flows to the climate change, the majority of the modeling results show that there will be more runoff in southeast Korea in the future. However, there is substantial uncertainty, with the results ranging from a 5.82% decrease to a 48.15% increase in the mean annual runoff averaged across the study area according to the corresponding climate change scenarios. We then assess the hydrologic perturbations based on the comparison between present and future flow duration curves suggested by IMWI. As a result, the effect of hydrologic perturbation on aquatic ecosystems may be significant at several locations of the Nakdong river main stream in dry season.