• School Mathematics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.353-373
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to provide instructional suggestions by investigating the spatial sense and spatial reasoning ability of 6th grade students. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions, 10 for spatial visualization and 10 for spatial orientation. The number of subjects for the survey was 145. The processes through which the students solved the problems were the basis for the assessment of their spatial reasoning. The result of the survey is as follows: First, students performed better in spatial visualization than in spatial orientation. With regard to spatial visualization, they were better in transformation than in rotation. With regard to spatial orientation, students performed better in orientation sense and structure cognitive ability than in situational sense. Second, the students that weren't excellent in spatial visualization tended to answer the familiar figures without using mental images. The students who lacked spatial orientation experienced difficulties finding figures observed from the sides. Third, students had high frequency rate on the cognition and use of transformation, the development and application of visualization methods and the use of analysis and synthesis. However they had a lower rate on a systematic approach and deductive reasoning. Further detailed investigation into how students use spatial reasoning, and apply it to actual teaching practice as a device for advancing their geometric thinking is necessary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.33-34
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.360-371
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• 2016

Paul Rudolph's early work in Florida after World War II is a significant example of the regional transformation of typical Modern Architecture through the spatial composition based on the diversity and use of local material and construction methods. Paul Rudolph's concept of a Florida House design is the expression of regional material, construction, and structural system through the spatial extension & connection based on periodical, regional characteristics. The characteristics of the Florida works is the spatial extension & connection design based on the wood structural framework through the various design factors, such as a screen roof, open roof, and internal patio as the spatial extension and link method. Paul Rudolf designed the house using local materials, such as cypress wood and lime block produced near the Florida Area and provided details & technology considering the Florida climate and construction environment. Through studies of Paul Rudolph's Florida works, the Florida Houses can be a prototype of localization, and can be presented as the spatial & technical transformation of design by the historical, cultural, regional background.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.91-108
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• 2010

The objective of this paper is to clarify the architectural characteristics of the Korean-Western eclectic houses at Ojeong-dong Missionary Village in Daejeon city, focused on the spatial and structural changes due to eclecticism. The consequences of the comparative analysis between the eclectic houses and two reference buildings, Myeongjae residence and Moore house, are as follows. The diverse aspects due to eclecticism can be summarized as two concepts; transformation and simplification. The transformation has appeared in the characteristic spatial elements such as an-madang, entrance and corridor, in the territory organization and the connection between building and yard, and in the roof and wall structures. The simplification has appeared in the layering of the building space, and in the joint of roof and wall. The methods of eclecticism and the resultant aspects from them that are clarified through this study are expected to be referred in examining the new possibilities of the hanok.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.273-292
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to find out how second, fourth and sixth graders understood the main contents related to spatial sense in the Seventh National Mathematics Curriculum. For this purpose, this study examined students' understanding of the main contents of congruence transformation (slide, flip, turn), mirror symmetry, cubes, congruence and symmetry. An investigation was conducted and the subjects included 483 students. The main results are as follows. First, with regards to congruence transformation, whereas students had high percentages of correct answers on questions concerning slide, they had lower percentages on questions concerning turn. Percentages of correct answers on flip questions had significant differences among the three grades. In addition, most students experienced difficulties in describing the changes of shapes. Second, students understood the fact that the right and the left of an image in a mirror are exchanged, but they had poor overall understanding of mirror symmetry. The more complicated the cubes, the lower percentages of correct answers. Third, students had a good understanding of congruences, but they had difficulties in finding out congruent figures. Lastly, they had a poor understanding of symmetry and, in particular, didn't distinguish a symmetric figure of a line from a symmetric figure of a point.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.333-340
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• 2008

For the indoor spatial modeling by terrestrial LiDAR and the analyzing its positional accuracy result, two terrestrial LiDARs which have different specification each other were used at test site. This paper shows disparity of accuracy between (1) the structural coordinate transformation by point cloud unit using control points and (2) the relative registration among all point cloud units then structural coordinate transformation in bulk, under condition of limited number of control points. As results, the latter had smaller size and distribution of errors than the former although different specifications and acquistion methods are used.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.481-492
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• 2002

The severity and spatial Patterns of spring drought on the croplands arc investigated using satellite imagery(Landsat ETM+). It is necessary to analyze the area droughty conditions in order to decrease the damage and make the efficient policies. In this context, the information about soil moisture levels, which were fatal factors to the crop growth, was acquired from wetness calculated from Tasseled cap transformation. We confirmed that the wetness values have a strong correlation with NDVI and the principal components. The result showed that the intensity of vegetation covering the surface could be understood as the index of the impacts of drought on croplands and these relationships were effective to classify dry areas in satellite imagery.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.31-40
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to propose a data transformation method for visualizing the statistical information based on the grid system which has regular shape and size. Grid is better solution than administrator boundary or census block to check the distribution of the statistical information and be able to use as a spatial unit on the map flexibly. On the other hand, we need the additional process to convert the various statistical information to grid if we use the current method which is areal interpolation. Therefore, this paper proposes the 3 steps to convert the various statistical information to grid. 1)Geocoding the statistical information, 2)Converting the spatial information through the defining the spatial relationship, 3)Attribute transformation considering the data scale measurement. This method applies to the population density of Seoul to convert to the grid. Especially, spatial autocorrelation is performed to check the consistency of grid display if the reference data is different for same statistic information. As a result, both distribution of grid are similar to each other when the population density data which is represented by census block and building is converted to grid. Through the result of implementation, it is demonstrated to be able to perform the consistent data conversion based on the proposed method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.79-109
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• 1996

In order to transform the underground utility data into the 3-D spatial objects, this thesis defined the type of the 3-D spatial objects and the storage structure of objects, and developed the spatial data transformation system that transforms the 2-D underground utility data into the pre-defined 3-D spatial objects through the Booch Method, an object-oriented development method. For this sake, the relational data model of ARC/INFO and the storage structure are analyzed, as well as the pre-requisites, required for the 3-D visualization of the underground utilities. Also, the 2-D underground utility data, saved in ARC/INFO, were transformed into the ASCII files through the internal pre-processing procedure, then used as the input data of the transformation system. In addition, to develop the transformation system, the object-oriented development methods are studied first and, then, applied to the system analysis and the design procedure with the Booch Method as a development method. Finally, the results of analysis and design procesure are implemented through AML, a ARC/INFO macro language, and C++, an object-oriented programing language. As a result of this study, the 3-D spatial objects that can visualize the 2-D utilities in 3-D, are acquired, and the adaptation of object-oriented development method to the system development procedure enabled an effective development prodedure.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.481-491
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• 2003

This study aims at generating a continuous map by coordinates transformation between cadastral maps with different surveying origins. The continuous cadastral map is useful in various fields of GIS. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted at Osan-Si, Kyonggi Province in cooperation with related institutions. In this study, three control point zone, large, medium, and small zone were to!;ted. For each control point, the currently used data were compared with the data at the surveyed time. About coordinate transformation method, we tested Helmert, Affine, and Polynomial methods which are the most representative among 2-dimensional coordinate transformations. These three transformation methods were evaluated according to variation of transformed parcel shape and agreement with neighboring areas. As the result of the evaluation, Affine transformation in large zone is the most appropriate coordinate transformation method fer Osan-Si.