• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1990년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 26-27 Oct. 1990
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• pp.1361-1364
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• 1990

In order to tackle global environmental problems such as destruction of the ozone layer or climatic changes due to atmospheric temperature increase, the acquisition of plentiful and precise data is necessary. Therefore, a means of conducting long-lasting high-resolution measurements over broad areas is required. A feasibility study has been made on a high altitude (20km), super-pressured helium-filled PLTA (Powered Ligher-than-Air) vehicle as an ideal platform for environmental observation. It has a long service life and carries a larger payload than an artificial satellite. This PLTA platform uses an electric propulsion system to maintain position in space against wind currents. The thruster is driven by solar power acquired from solar cells. For night use, solar energy is stored in regenerative fuel cells. This study focuses on energy balance and structural analysis of the hull and platform. The platform is capable of conducting high resolution remote sensing as well as having the capability to serve as a telecommunications relay. The platform could replace a number of ground-based telecommunications relay facilities, guaranteeing sufficient radio frequency intensity to secure good quality telecommunication transmittal. The altitude at which the platform resides has the lowest wind flow in the lower stratosphere, and permits viewing from the ground within a 1,000km range. Because this altitude is much lower than that required of an artificial satellite, the measuring resolution is a couple of thousand times higher than with artificial satellites. The platform can also be used to chase typhoons and observe them from their sources in tropical regions.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1977

Solar energy is a potential source of power that offers much promise being used for low-temperature applications like drying farm crops, space heating, and water heating for domestic uses. Already much of it are being used for those purpose in foreign countries. However, very little research has been done to determine the possibility of using the solar energy in Korea. This study was conducted to develop the general prediction equation of the total radiation on a horizontal surface in Daejeon area based on 5 years 91972, Jun.1-1976. Dec.31) meteorological data (bright sunshine hours, average total horizontal radiation), and to obtain experimentally the thermal efficiency of solar air and water collectors, which will be used as a basic data of designing flat-plate solar collector system.In addition to the thermal efficiency of the collectorsthe relationship among those factors affecting it such as weather condition, orientation factor, and tilted angle of collector was analyzed. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The general predicted equation of the total radiation on a horizontal surface in Daejeon area based on bright sunshine hours was developed as $H_{av} =(1.546\frac{n}{N}-0.582)H_o$. Predicting the total radiation on a horizontal surface by the above equation was thought to be possible because to values of 0.882 was smaller than any t values at above 0.05 level on the basis of two tailed test of the difference between the calculated and the recorded values. 2.It was observed that optimum tilt angle of the collector in the summer and the autumn drying season was 13 degrees and 51 degrees respectively, these values could be obtained by adding or substracting approximately 25 degrees from the latitude of this area $(36.3^{\circ}N)$ .The relationship between orientation factor and declination of sun at suitable tilt angle of 33 degrees $(s=0.9\O)$ was shown at Fig.4. 3.The thermal efficiency of solar wdter collector was shown 13.4-51. 6% on Aug. 15 (the minimum radiation recorded) and 43.8 ~537% Aug.20 (the maximum radiation recorded), and 13.8~ 46.6 and 44.3~ 49.7 were shown on each corresponding day. 4.The thermal efficiency of the collectors according to the weather condition was shown a big difference of about 10% between the day of the maximum radiation recorded and the minimum, but the differen of efficiency between the air and the water collector was at most 2 ~ 3%. 5. Even if the efficiency of the solar water collector was a little higher than the solar air collector, for drying farm products, the solar air collector was thought to be more effective because the air heated by collector could be directly used for drying them.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is necessary for photovoltaic (PV) power system application to extract the maximum possible power under changing irradiation and temperature conditions. The β-parameter-based method has many advantages over conventional MPPT methods; such advantages include fast tracking speed in the transient stage, small oscillations in the steady state, and moderate implementation complexity. However, a problem in the implementation of the conventional beta method is the choice of an appropriate scaling factor N, which greatly affects both the steady-state and transient performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a modified β-parameter-based method, and the determination of the N is discussed in detail. The study shows that the choice of the scaling factor N is determined by the changes of the value of β during changes in irradiation or temperature. The proposed method can respond accurately and quickly during changes in irradiation or temperature. To verify the proposed method, a photovoltaic power system with MPPT function was built in Matlab/Simulink, and an experimental prototype was constructed with a solar array emulator and dSPACE. Simulation and experimental results are illustrated to show the advantages of the improved β-parameter-based method with the optimized scaling factor.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.484-490
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• 2012

This paper is devoted to investigate the feasibility of using a medium power ground-based laser to produce a torque on LEO satellites of various shapes. The laser intensity delivered to a satellite is calculated using a simple model of laser propagation in which a standard atmospheric condition and linear atmospheric interaction mechanism is assumed. The laser force is formulated using a geocentric equatorial system in which the Earth is an oblate spheroid. The torque is formulated for a cylindrical satellite, spherical satellites and for satellites of complex shape. The torque algorithm is implemented for some sun synchronous low Earth orbit cubesats. Based on satellites perigee height, the results demonstrate that laser torque affecting on a cubesat has a maximum value in the order of $10^{-9}$ which is comparable with that of solar radiation. However, it has a minimum value in the order of $10^{-10}$ which is comparable with that of gravity gradient. Moreover, the results clarify the dependency of the laser torque on the orbital eccentricity. As the orbit becomes more circular it will experience less torque. So, we can conclude that the ground based laser torque has a significant contribution on the low Earth orbit cubesats. It can be adjusted to obtain the required control torque and it can be used as an active attitude control system for cubesats.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.76.2-76.2
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• 2012

The understanding spectral characterization of possible earth-like extra solar planets has generated wide interested in astronomy and space science. The technical central issue in observation of exoplanet is deconvolution of the temporally and disk-averaged spectra of the exoplanets. The earth model based on atmospheric radiative transfer method has been studied in recent years for solutions of characterization of earthlike exoplanet. In this study, we report on the current progress of the new method of 3D earth model as a habitable exoplanet. The computational model has 3 components 1) the sun model, 2) an integrated earth BRDF (Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function) model (Atmosphere, Land and Ocean) and 3) instrument model combined in ray tracing computation. The ray characteristics such as radiative power and direction are altered as they experience reflection, refraction, transmission, absorption and scattering from encountering with each all of optical surfaces. The Land BRDF characteristics are defined by the semi-empirical "parametric-kernel-method" from POLDER missions from CNES. The ocean BRDF is defined for sea-ice cap structure and for the sea water optical model, considering sun-glint scattering. The input cloud-free atmosphere model consists of 1 layers with vertical profiles of absorption and aerosol scattering combined Rayleigh scattering and its input characteristics using the NEWS product in NASA data and spectral SMARTS from NREL and 6SV from Vermote E. The trial simulation runs result in phase dependent disk-averaged spectra and light-curves of a virtual exoplanet using 3D earth model.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.875-881
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• 2010

달탐사 임무를 수행하는 인공위성의 경우 임무수행을 하는 과정에서 3체에 의한 인력, 태양풍 그리고 추력시스템의 추력오차 등의 많은 예기치 못한 외부 섭동력에 영향을 받게 된다. 따라서 주어진 임무궤도를 따라서 인공위성이 운영되기 위해서 궤적 보정 기동이 필요하다. 우주 탐사의 초창기 시절에는 이러한 임무궤도는 주로 2체 운동방정식에 기반을 한 패치 코닉(Patched Conic)기법으로 생성을 하였으며, 이로 인해 2체 운동방정식에 기반을 한 궤적 보정 기동이 많이 사용되어져 왔다. 하지만 최근 컴퓨터 연산능력의 향상에 기인하여 이러한 임무궤도를 지구-인공위성-달의 3체 운동방정식에 기반하여 설계하고 있는 추세이다. 따라서 기존의 2체 운동방식 기반의 궤적 보정 기동으로는 실제 우주환경과 많은 차이를 보이기 때문에 달의 작용권구(Sphere of Influence)에 접근할수록 많은 궤도오차를 보이며, 이를 보정하기 위해서 많은 에너지가 필요하게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 3체 운동방정식에 기인한 궤적 보정 기동에 대하여 기술하고자 한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.487-494
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• 2019

소형인공위성 전력시스템체계 설계 및 개발방법은 태양풍 자계인 우주환경의 영향에 따라 기술적 제약이 큰 편이다. 이를 극복하기 위해 최근 전력모듈을 융합화와 유닛화 단계별 개발 방식으로 변화 하고 있다. 모듈화 단계에서는 탑재체 전력공급 모듈 요구조건과 함께 유니버설미들웨어를 사용하여 융합하였다. 융합모듈화대상은 탑재체에서 전력분배, 부하관리, 서브유닛의 전원공급체계와 지속성을 고려한 최종모듈 설계 및 개발 단계를 범위로 한다. 본 연구는 위성본체에서 공급되는 전력모듈을 유니버설미들웨어 기반으로 전력모듈의 정밀성과 수요처모듈데이터를 컨텐츠화 하였다. 이 동적시스템과 전력서비스 모듈화는 전력분배모듈과 전원공급모듈간 상호작용으로 Range Control 알고리즘으로 제어된다. 그리하여 전력모듈 설계단계에서 탑재체 전력수요 변수의 변동성에 따른 불확실성을 해소하고 설계의 효율성을 제시하였다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.43.1-43.1
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• 2021

In this study, we suggest a new method to estimate the mass of a halo coronal mass ejection (CME) using synthetic CMEs. For this, we generate synthetic CMEs based on two assumptions: (1) the CME structure is a full ice-cream cone, (2) the CME electron density follows a power-law distribution (ρ_cme=ρ₀r^-n). The power-law exponent n is obtained by minimizing the root mean square error between the electron number density distributions of an observed CME and the corresponding synthetic CME at a position angle of the CME leading edge. By applying this methodology to 57 halo CMEs, we estimate two kinds of synthetic CME mass. One is a synthetic CME mass which considers only the observed CME region (M_cme1), the other is a synthetic CME mass which includes both the observed CME region and the occulted area larger than 4 solar radii (M_cme2). From these two cases, we derive conversion factors which are the ratio of a synthetic CME mass to an observed CME mass. The conversion factor for M_cme1 ranges from 1.4 to 3.0 and its average is 2.0. For M_cme2, the factor ranges from 1.8 to 5.0 with the average of 3.0. These results imply that the observed halo CME mass can be underestimated by about 2 times when we consider the observed CME region, and about 3 times when we consider the region including the occulted area. Interestingly these conversion factors have a very strong negative correlation with angular widths of halo CMEs.We also compare the results with the CME mass estimated from STEREO observations.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2002

The office is an excellent candidate for implementing daylighting techniques because of the relatively high electric lighting power densities and long daytime use pattern. The quantity of light available for a space can be translated in term of the amount of energy savings through a process of a building energy simulation. To get significant energy savings in general illumination, the electric lighting system must be incorporated with a daylight - activated dimmer control. A prototype configuration of an office interior has been established and the integration between the building envelope and lighting and HVAC systems is evaluated based on computer modeling of a lighting control facility. First of all, an energy-efficient luminaire system is designed for both a totally open-plan office interior and a partitioned office. A lighting design and analysis program, Lumen-Micro 2000 predicts the optimal layout of a conventional fluorescent lighting fixture to meet the designed lighting level and calculates unit power density, which translates the demanded amount of electric lighting energy. A dimming control system integrated with the contribution of daylighting has been applied to the operating of the artificial lighting. Annual cooling load due to lighting and the projecting saving amount of cooling load due to daylighting under overcast diffuse sky are evaluated by a computer software, ENER-Win. In brief, the results from building energy simulation with measured daylight illumination levels and the performance of lighting control system indicate that daylighting can save over 70 percent of the required energy for general illumination in the perimeter zones through the year. A 25 % of electric energy for cooling may be saved by dimming and turning off the luminaires in the perimeter zones.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.923-930
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 위성의 개념설계와 교육목적에 활용할 수 있는 위성 시스템 개념설계 소프트웨어 개발에 관한 내용을 담고 있다. 이 소프트웨어는 상용도구인 MATLAB, STK, Excel을 이용하여 구성되었다. MATLAB은 기본연산, GUI 구성, 엑셀 데이터베이스 관리 및 STK의 제어를 담당한다. AGI사에서 개발한 궤도 시뮬레이션 소프트웨어인 STK는 위성의 정밀 궤도정보의 산출을 담당한다. 마이크로소프사의 엑셀은 기존 위성들의 데이터 베이스 와 본 개념설계 소프트웨어의 임시적 및 최종 결과의 저장장소로 사용된다. 위성의 개념설계는 위성의 대략적인 전력시스템과 질량계를 추정하는 것이다. 전력시스템 설계과정에서는 태양전지판과 배터리의 크기를 결정한다. 기존 위성들의 데이터베이스를 기반으로 목표 위성의 부시스템의 질량 분할을 추정할 수 있다. 개발된 소프트웨어의 입증을 위해 아리랑 1호 및 2호에 대한 개념설계결과를 포함하였다.