• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.201-201
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• 2017

Delayed stem senescence of soybean is a phenomenon of retarded leaf and stem yellowing, where plants maintain a high stem water content and remain chlorophyll in leaf and stem at maturity stage. This phenomenon was one of the most important physiological disease in Japanese soybean cultivation. The occurrence of delayed stem senescence was affected by sowing time. And the most of Japanese field, soybean seeds were sowed in June. June is the rainy season in Japan, and the soil water content of field become higher in this season. In this study, the effects of late sowing (July sowing) on the yield and the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in soybean cultivars Enrei, Tachinagaha and Ayakogane were examined from 2013 to 2015, in the experimental farm at Nihon University (Fujisawa-city, Kanagawa, Japan). The seeds of all cultivars were sowed in June (June-normal density plot) or July (July-normal density plot, July-high density plot and July-super high density plot) in field experiment. The pot experiments were carried out in 2014. In all cultivars, the yield of July-high density plot and July-super high density were higher than that of June normal density plot. And the yield of June-normal density plot was the same as that of July-normal density plot. In all cultivars, the occurrence of delayed stem senescence was increased by seeding in June sowing. And in July sowing plots, no significance difference in the occurrence of delayed stem senescence was observed among density plots. One of reason about the increasing the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in June-normal plot was the increasing of the damaged seeds by bean bugs. Add one of reason about the decreasing of the occurrence of delayed stem senescence of July plots was the decreasing of the amount of cytokinin supplied from root to top and water stress after the flowering time was improved compared with the June plot. In conclusion, the yield of Enrei, Tachinagaha and Ayakogane were not changed by changing the sowing time from June to July. In all cultivars, the occurrence of delayed stem senescence were decreasing by seeding in July.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2004

Field studies were conducted in the southeastern Korea ($36^{\circ}$N) on a commerce silt loam soil at paddy field. Seed were manually planted on 16 July 2003. Plants were planted with plant densities of 70${\times}$10 cm (row width x plant spacing), 50 x 10 cm, and 30 ${\times}$10 cm. Two seedlings per hill were taken prior to V3 stage. Fertilizer was applied prior to plant at a rate of 30-30-34 kg (N-$\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$-$\textrm{K}_2\textrm{O}$) per ha. Experimental design was a randomized complete block in a split plot arrangement with three replications. Yield from different planting densities responded similarly in three soybean cultivars and increased when planting density increased. Somyeongkong showed the highest increasing rate of yield about 26% by 338 g $\textrm{m}^{-2}$ at 30 x l0 cm compared to yield of conventional planting density (70 x 10 cm). Also, the planting density significantly affected pod and seed number and seed weight, but not seed per pod. The tallest plant appeared at 30${\times}$10 cm. The change of leaf area according to days after emergence showed differently in soybean cultivars. The highest and lowest total dry matter production per square meter appeared at 30 x 10 cm and at 70 x 10 cm, respectively. Crop growth rate (CGR) showed greater at R3∼R4 stages compared with V7∼R2 or R2∼R3 growth stages and showed the greatest at 30 x 10 cm in three soybean cultivars. As late planted soybean, there was a significant relation between seed yield and CGR, and leaf area index (LAI) according to planting densities at before and after the flowering stage. Relationship between seed yield and CGR in three planting densities showed a highly significant positive relation ($\textrm{R}^2$=0.757) at R3 to R4 stages, and significant relations ($\textrm{R}^2$=0.505, 0.617) at V7 to R2 and V2 to V3. Also, there was a highly significant positive difference between seed yield and LAI during R3 to R4 and R2 to R3 stages.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2015

1. 남부지역에서 대원콩을 이용하여 재배한 결과, 주당본수를 높일수록 식물체 간 경합에 의해 경장은 길어지고 경태는 가늘어지며 분지수가 감소하여 도복에 취약한 초형으로 생육한다. 다만 만파재배 시에는 생육기간이 단축되므로 주당본수를 높이더라도 도복이 우려될 만큼 경장이 신장하지 않는다. 2. 마디수는 주당본수 별로 유의한 차이가 나지 않았으며 협수는 주당본수가 높아질수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 3. 재식밀도의 증가에 의한 증수효과는 7월 중순이후로 극만파할 때에 관찰되며 1주 4본 재배 시 표준재배에 비하여 34 % 증수효과가 있었고, 1주 5본 이상 재배할 경우 오히려 수량이 감소하였다. 4. 따라서 만파재배 시에는 밀식하여도 잘 도복하지 않으며 $70{\times}20cm$로 재배할 때 1주 4본까지 재식밀도를 높이는 것이 수량증대에 유리하다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2004

This study was carried out to determine adequate planting date, to compare the growth characteristics between early and late maturing cultivars, and to provide the data for the cultivation techniques of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in double cropping system with winter crops on paddy field in Korea. Cultivars were planted on 26 May, 16 June, and 7 July with a planting density of $70cm(row\;widtb)\;{\times}\;10cm$ (planting spacing). Seed yield of soybean planted on June 16 and July 7 was approximately $37\%\;and\;53\%$, respectively, less than that of conventional planting date of May 26 in Pungsan-namulkong, and planted on June 16 and July 7 was about $30\%\;and\;37\%$, respectively, less then that of conventional planting date of May 26 in Hanamkong. The number of pods and seeds per plant decreased as planting date delayed. Seed weight increased in Pungsan-namulkong but decreased in Hannamkong as planting date delayed. The flowering date was late in delayed planting plots, but it was shorted for days from emergence to flowering and from emergence to maturity. The plant height of Hannamkong was greater than Pungsan-namulkong from the emergence to flowering stages, but in contrast, it was greater in Pungsan-namulkong than Hannamkong after flowering stage (50d after emergence) when it planted on May 26. There were no significant differences between two soybean cultivars at planting dates of June 16 and July 7. Leaf number, leaf area, and dry matter were also reduced by late planting, and Both of them were shown in high reduction at the later planting. There was a high significant difference at the flowering $(r\;=\;0.87^{**})$ and pod formation $(r\;=\;0.91^{**})$ stages between leaf dry matter and seed yield. Crop growth rate (CGR) was greater at $R2\~R3$ growth stages compared to $R3\~R4\;or\;R4\~R5$ growth stages in two soybean cultivars and the greatest CGR was obtained at planting date of May 26 in two soybean cultivars except for R4-R5 growth stage in Pungsan-namulkong. There was a highly significant positive difference between the seed yield and the leaf area index (LAI) across R3 to R4 and R2 to R3 stages. The photosynthetic rate $(P_N)$ of the uppermost leaf position had no significant difference among planting dates and between two soybean cultivars. However, $P_N$ of the $7^{th}$ leaf position increased as the planting date delayed.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 1998

분말도 2.0mm이하인 전로슬래그는 토양산도 중화능이 $CaCO_3$의 1/3수준이지만 Ca와 Mg를 함유하고 있어 CaMgCO$_3$를 대체할 수 있는 토양산도 중화제이며 이의 liming 효과는 속효성이면서 지속적이었다. 우리나라 일반 농경지 토양을 작물생육의 적정 토양산도인 pH 6.5로 개량하기 위한 전로슬래그 시용량은 $7~8{Mgha}^{-1}$이었다. 농경지 토양에 전로슬래그를 시용하였을 때 토양 pH 상승과 Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Si 함량이 유의적으로 증가하였으며 전로 슬래그 처리구에서 재배한 벼의 엽조직체내에는 Ca, P, Fe, Si 함량이 그리고 콩 조직체내에는 P 함량이 대조구에서 보다 높았다. 수량 증가효과는 전로슬래그 $8{Mgha}^{-1}$시용시 벼와 콩 모두 가장 높았으며 증수율은 간척지답에서 14.2%, 추락답에서 6.9%, 그리고 보통답에서는 4.3%이었으며 콩의 경우에는 36.6%로 벼 증수율보다 훨씬 높았다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.285-290
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• 1987

대두 갈색무늬병의 진전은 한 식물체에서 상위엽으로의 진전속도(수직감염율 : vertical progress)과 밀접한 관계가 있다. 실제로 포장에서의 갈색무늬병 진전은 주로 하위엽에서 발병하기 시작하여 상위엽에 비하여 이병정도가 높은 것이 보통이다. 이러한 현상의 원인을 구명하기 위하여 수행한 본 실험에서 갈색무늬병의 감염율은 잎의 성숙도와 정의 상관을 보였으며 이러한 유엽저항성은 접종원의 분포와는 무관한 것으로 보였다. 또 상위엽의 엽표면일출액 (leaf diffusate)은 병원균 포자발아 및 관계신장의 억제 정도가 하위엽의 일출액에 비하여 높았으며 이러한 경향은 저항성품종에서 더욱 현저하여 엽일출액의 어떤 발아억제물질이 갈색무늬병의 유엽저항성에 관여하는 것으로 추정되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2012

Preference of stink bugs to various leguminous seeds was evaluated by using VTS (Video Tracking System) in laboratory. Major soybean stink bugs such as bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius), one-banded stink bug, Piezodorus hybneri (Gmelin), eastern green stink bug, Nezara antennata (Scott), and sole bug, Dolycoris baccarum (L.) were significantly most attracted to Cheongjakong, a soybean variety, baited fish-net trap, followed by soybean varieties Ilpumgeomjeongkong and Taekwangkong, a peanut variety Daekwangdangkong, a kidney bean variety Gangnangkong, and a adzuki bean variety Jungwonpat, respectively in a soybean field. VTS observation in laboratory showed that R. pedestris and D. baccarum had significantly higher frequency of visit on Cheongjakong, followed by Ilpumgeomjeongkong. However, P. hybneri, N. antennata and Halyomorpha halys (Stal) had significantly higher number of visits on Cheongjakong, Seonnogkong and Jinpumkong, followed by Ilpumgeomjeongkong. The sojourned time of stink bugs, however, was significantly longer on Cheongjakong regardless of species of the bugs. Accordingly, Cheongjakong was evaluated as the most preferred soybean seed by fish-net trap and VTS. Thus, VTS is found to be an effective means to evaluate the food preference of stink bugs.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.186-186
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• 2022

Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRSR) and wildfire disease (WFD) of soybean are frequently observed in the field of South Korea. The most environmentally friendly way to control PRSR and WFD is to use soybean varieties with resistance to Phytophthora sojae (P. sojae) and Pseudomonas amygdali pv. tabaci. Plant germplasm is an important gene pool for soybean breeding and improvement. In this study, hundreds of soybean accessions were evaluated for the two pathogens, and genome-wide association analyses were conducted using 104,955 SNPs to identify resistance loci for the two pathogens. Of 193 accessions, 46 genotypes showed resistance reaction, while 143 did susceptibility for PRSP. Twenty SNPs were significantly associated with resistance to P. sojae on chromosomes (Chr.) 3 and 4. Significant SNPs on Chr.3 were located within the known Rps gene region. A region on Chr. 4 is considered as a new candidate resistance loci. For evalation of resistance to WFD, 18, 31,74,36 and 34 genotypes were counted by a scale of 1-5, respectively. Five SNP markers on Chrs 9,11,12,17 and 18 were significantly associated with resistance to P. amygdali pv. tabaci. The identified SNPs and genomic regions will provide a useful information for further researches and breeding for resistance to P. sojae and P. amygdali pv. tabaci.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 1998

The minimum number of samples for the measurement of plant characteristics of major crops were calculated from the data obtained from the field experiments on rice, barley, wheat, soybean and sweet potato conducted by Kyungpuk Rural Development Administration.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.74-77
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• 1999

The object of this study is to determine the effect of priming on the germination ability and seedling emergence of aged soybean seeds in lab and field conditions. Artificial or natural procedure for seed aging was applied in this study. One seed lot was artificially aged for 3 to 5 days at 42$^{\circ}C$ with high relative humidity (nearly RH 100%), and the other one was stored at room temperature for 17 months. Aged seeds were osmoconditioned in -1.1 MPa polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) solution for 3 days at $25^{\circ}C$ and air-dried. When Danyeobkong was aged for 4 days average germination was 61.5%, however, this improved to 98.5% after the priming treatment. Improvement of seed germination by priming the aged seed was consistent with large seed sized Jangyeobkong cultivar, indicating that the priming was effective in enhancing seed germinability regardless of seed size. Priming aged seeds also resulted in good stand establishment in the field trials. Germination of aged seeds of Danyeobkong without priming was 17.0%, whereas that of primed ones was 66.4%.