• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2013

The western coast of Anmyeondo is open toward the Yellow sea and the northern and southern coasts are sandy and have simple coastlines. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution and community structure of the macrobenthos that inhabit the sandy shore of Anmyeondo. For the study, we chose 8 sites encompassing 44 stations. In total, we have recorded 62 species, and collected 747 inds./$m^2$ on average. Zonation pattern did not appear because the mean grain size and organic contents of the study sites were similar among the macrobenthos. Polychaetes were most frequently recorded, but amphipods appeared in higher mean density. Macrobenthic community is classified into 3 groups largely based on the density difference among the dominant species and the groups were not influenced by environmental factors. The aggregated distribution of macrobenthos did not show a clear regional spatial difference but exhibited classification pattern emphasizing the density difference of the dominant species. The sandy shores of Anmyeondo are relatively more influenced by waves compared to other regions and the sediment moves more due to strong winds, etc. at low tide. We presume that the movement of sediment resulted in a relatively even sedimentary environment and consequently weakened environmental variables that change with the tide level. We concluded that the macrobenthic community does not show the zonation pattern in the sandy shores of Anmyeondo due to such influences.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 2016

For the continuous stable production of oyster, estimation of food availability (F) was carried out in Goseong Bay, south of coast Korea. Primary productivity ranged from 0.07 to $0.44gC/m^2/day$ (average $0.25gC/m^2/day$), lowest in July and highest in January. The distribution of primary productivity at Goseong Bay showed the pattern of "high in the south and low in the north." Food availability (F) was $F{\leq}0$, indicating insufficient food supply, from August to November and F > 0 from January to April. Continuous insufficient food supply was observed at 18 oyster farms in the southern part of the bay and 4 in its northern part. Mortality at the oyster farms was 56% on the average, and around 58% of death occurred during November when food supply was insufficient. The optimal population of cultured oyster per unit flow area was calculated to be $110-115indiv./m^2$ (198-201 indiv./string). When the sea area was divided into 3 regions (A, B, C) according to carrying capacity, the carrying capacity of (A) regions was $52-53indiv./m^2$ (93-95 indiv./string), (B) regions was $142-144indiv./m^2$ (255-259 indiv./string), and (C) regions was $198-202indiv./m^2$ (356-363 indiv./string). In particular, (A) regions showed extremely low productivity. For continuous stable oyster farming at Goseong Bay, it is necessary to control point and non-point source pollution through continuous environmental monitoring and to adjust harvest according to the base carrying capacity during the season of high water temperature.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.56-63
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• 1996

Age and growth of spotted halibut, Verasper variegatus were determined using samples collected from commercial catch in the Southern Sea, Korea. Age was determined by counting the otolith annuli which were clearly defined between translucent and opaque zones, and formed between February and March. Growth of spotted halibut was expressed by the von Bertalanffy's equation as $L_t=71.07(1-e^{{\cdot}0.3036(t-0.1173)})$ for females and $L_t=57.44(1-e^{-0.2931(t+0.1590)})$ for males. Almost all the fish examined were younger than 3 years old. The oldest fish was 6 years old in female and 4 years old in male.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2007

Three pleuronectiform fishes are redescribed based on specimens from southern sea of Korea. A single specimen (73.4 mm SL) of Samariscus japonicus of the family Samaridae is characterized by having no pectoral fin on blind side and 5 pectoral fin rays on ocular side of body. Twenty specimens (53.6~125.8 mm SL) of Plagiopsetta glossa of the same family are characterized by having 8~10 pectoral fin rays and 6 black ring-shaped blotches on ocular side of body. Three specimens (74.1~83.4 mm SL) of Aseraggodes kaianus of the family Soleidae are characterized by having blackish-brown reticulations on ocular side of body.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2000

This study aims to find the characteristics of the folk houses in the upper area of Seomjin river in the view point of generating housing floor plans by their human and natural elements of environment. Because they are formed differently as them and have the characteristics as the houses in the upper area of Seomjin river. Seomjin river flows from mid-west area of the Korean peninsula to the southern sea. This is about 212.3km long and the fourth in the south of the Korean peninsula. It is surrounded high mountains in the upper area and makes open field in the mid and lower area of river. The study is surveyed and analyzed to the folk houses of the middle and lower class people in the area of Seomjin river. Because they have been formed by their natural and human elements of environment gradually. They are 35 houses - 13 in Jinan-kun, 4 in Imsil-kun, 10 in Namwon city, 10 in Sunchang-kun. They are analyzed by their floor plans and their spatial relations. The result of this study is that they are made by their natural and human elements of environment. There are some houses with semi-several wings and with storage that are appeared in the mountain village. It reflects that they are surrounded by high mountains. And there are some houses with wooden floor room that are appeared in the area of river little in the area of mountain. To prevent wind from the river the houses are layouted as a form . open ㄴ type, open ㄷ type, and their wall is made of stone and planted bamboo trees around their houses.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.64-71
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• 2007

The hypothetical earthquake located on the fault zone along the western coast of Japan, where sufficient time has elapsed since the last earthquake or an earthquake has not occurred yet, is known to possess significant potential energy. The possibility of earthquake activities occurring here in the future is high. It is expected that the resulting tsunamis will cause great damage to the East Sea coast of Korea and affect parts of the southern coast as well. In this study, tsunami that may be caused by a virtual earthquake that is expected in the hypothetical earthquake, along the western coast of Japan, will be estimated using numerical simulation. From this, the effect of the tsunami originating from the hypothetical earthquake on the southeastern coast of Korea will be evaluated by examining the water level rise due to the maximum water level rise and changing time, for each point along the southeastern coast. It will be possible to use the virtual results obtained like this as important basic materials in future disaster prevention plans and designs, for determining the direction of coastal development, for arranging seashore and harbor structures and to carry out wave resistant design for the southeastern coast of Korea.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

Communication environments in the context of underwater channel are characterized to be bad by the characteristics of multipath. Multipaths are affected by various factors e.g. the temperature and the salinity of the ocean. In this paper, the representative sound speed profiles were calculated in the southern part of Baengnyeoung island so that the eigen-ray paths with the channel impulse responses were determined using the average sound speed profile of last decade. The performance of underwater communication was analyzed using the BPSK modulation and time reversal method. The significant differences of results were shown according to the change of season and carrier frequency by using computer simulation. In addition, improved performance is obtained using preprocess channel impulse response for the better comparison of two cases of summer and autumn.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.139-148
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• 2000

A mass balance/photochemical modeling approach was used to evaluate the sea-to-air dimethyl sulfide (DMS) fluxes in tropical regions and part of the Southern Ocean. The flux determinations were based on 10 airborne observations by ACE 1 transit flights (i.e., Flights 4-9 and 29-32). The DMS flux values for the tropical regions ranged from 1.0 to 7.4 $\mu$mole/$m^2$/day with an average estimate of 4.2$\pm$2.3 $\mu$mole/$m^2$/day. The seasonal variations in the DMS flux predicted for the equatorial Pacific Ocean based on atmospheric DMS measurements were not entirely consistent with those derived from seawater DMS measurements were not entirely consistent with those derived from seawater DMS measurements reported in previous literature. Inhomogeneities in the DMS flux field were found to cause significant shifts in the atmospheric DMS levels even in the same sampling location. Accordingly, no definitive statement can be made at this stage regarding systematic differences or agreements in the DMS flux estimates from the two approaches. Moreover, this study strongly suggests that DMS oxidation is the most likely dominant source of SO$_2$in tropical regions, which is also supported by another set of compiled observations. Finally, these SO$_2$observations indicate that, when significant data was available for both the boundary and buffer layers, the vertical SO$_2$gradient between these two zones was primarily negative.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 1988

In roastal fish farms the farmers, especialy engaging in dealing with the floating cage culture, going to know about relationships between holding capacity and water quality in cage. Some of water quality managers and specialists studing physiological ecology understand that the key of water quality management concerned fish farming is budget of dissolved oxygen. This paper deals with oxygen budget in floating cage of the yellow tail farms at southern coastal area in Korea. The sampling station is located at Konli-Do fish farm near Chungmu, and the data is collected for 24 hours from 3:00 p.m. 8th September 1987. In result, the needed oxygen coming after the consumption by the rearing fish had been supplied with the tide current exchange, the sum of oxygen produced by phytoplankton photosynthesis and diffused from atmosphere are no more that $43\%$ for the needs of sea water consumption included respiration of planktons and decomposition of organic matters. The optimum holding capacity of cage is possible to compute with the calculation of minimum diurnal water exchange rate $[Qin{\cdot}V^{-1}\;(C-\bar{c})]$ through net mesh of cage.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.246-252
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• 2012

The age and growth of the blackthroat seaperch Doederleinia berycoides was investigated based on samples captured in the southern seas of Korea from January to December, 2006. Age was estimated by analyzing otolith growth rings. The spawning period was extrapolated from August to November based on monthly changes in the gonad somatic index. The relationship between total length and otolith radius was analyzed separately for each sex with TL=-15.6174+10.3274R for females and TL=-4.4083+7.0749R for males. From the parameters calculated using average total length and weight when the year ring was formed, the growth of D. berycoides was expressed by von Bertalanffy growth equations as $L_t=34.71(1-e^{-0.2557(t+0.2078)})$, $W_t=713.85(1-e^{-0.2557(t+0.2078)})^{3.1972}$ for females, $L_t=27.37(1-e^{-0.3388(t+0.7362)})$, $W_t=353.91(1-e^{-0.3388(t+0.7362)})^{3.1647}$ for males, and $L_t=34.20(1-e^{-0.2530(t+0.2871)})$, $W_t=674.10(1-e^{-0.2530(t+0.2871)})^{3.1171}$ for pooled sexes, where L is total length at age t.