• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2018

El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ is the largest fluctuation in the climate system, and it can lead to effects influencing humans all over the world. An El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ occurs when sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean become substantially higher than average. We investigated the change in sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean during the El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ period of 2015 and 2016 using the advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR) of NOAA Satellites. We calculated anomalies of the Pacific equatorial sea surface temperature for the normal period of 1981-2010 to identify the variation of the 2015 El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ and warm water area. Generally, the warm water in the western tropical Pacific Ocean shifts eastward along the equator toward the coast of South America during an El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ period. However, we identified an additional warm water region in the $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ 1+2 and Peru coastal area. This indicates that there are other factors that increase the sea surface temperature. In the future, we will study the heat coming from the bottom of the sea to understand the origin of the heat transport of the Pacific Ocean.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.71-77
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• 2002

For landscape ecological management of the isolated forestlands in Incheon city located in the western tip of South Korea, the forest vegetation of Mt. Cheolma was classified phytosciologically and mapped out its spatial distribution at a scale of 1:5,000. Characteristics of forest landscape structures were discussed in terms of the number and size of patches obtained by analyzing vegetation map. Units to manage the forest vegetation were categorized into eighteen communities, seventeen groups, and sixteen subgroups. Landscape elements were classified into five types: secondary vegetation, introduced vegetation for forestry (IVF), introduced vegetation for agriculture (IVA), and other elements. Two hundred and ninety-three forest landscape patches covers 443.3ha of which IVF accounted for 316.8ha(71.5%), the largest portion, secondary vegetation for f01.2ha(22.8%), IVA for 6.2ha(1.4%), and others for 19.1ha(4.3%). The ratio of natural forest elements of 31.9% showed that this area was mainly comprised of artificially introduced vegetation, such as Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and Pinus rigida plantation. Forest landscape patches have a mean area of 4.5ha, a density of 66.1/100ha, and a diversity index of 0.87. It was estimated that differentiation of patches recognized in community level would be related to human interference and those in subordinate level to natural processes.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.205-211
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• 2002

For landscape ecological management of the isolated forestlands in Incheon city located in the western tip of South Korea, the forest vegetation of Mt. Cheolma was classified phytosciologically and mapped out its spatial distribution at a scale of 1:5,000. Characteristics of forest landscape structures were discussed in terms of the number and size of patches obtained by analy zing vegetation map. Units to manage the forest vegetation were categorized into eighteen communities, seventeen groups, and sixteen subgroups. Landscape elements were classified into five types: secondary vegetation, introduced vegetation for forestry (IVF), introduced vegetation for agriculture (IVA), and other elements. Two hundred and ninety-three forest landscape patches covers 443.3ha, of which IVF accounted for 316.8ha(71.5$\%$), the largest portion, secondary vegetation for 101.2ha(22.8$\%$), IVA for 6.2ha(1.4$\%$), and others for 19.1ha(4.3$\%$). The ratio of natural forest elements of 31.9$\%$ showed that this area was mainly comprised of artificially introduced vegetation, such as Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and Pinus rigida plantation. Forest landscape patches have a mean area of 4.5ha, a density of 66.1/100ha, and a diversity index of 0.87. It was estimated that differentiation of patches recognized in community level would be related to human interference and those in subordinate level to natural processes.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.55-61
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• 2018

Changes in consumer purchasing patterns due to construction of large Western-style commercial buildings and introduction of new purchasing methods in South Korea in the 1990s led to a gradual decline in traditional markets. Under such a new environment, Yukgeori market, one of Korea's exemplary markets, has continued to develop and survive, while maintaining the traditional market form of Korea, both physically and operationally. Therefore, to find the characteristics of spatial configurations supporting the revitalization of traditional market, we deduced social attributes of spaces in street network of Cheongju city and the neighborhood including Yukgeori market by calculating the depths of nodes in the network using analysis models based on space syntax. The results illustrated that long street with the function to attract people and acts as a bridge of traffic and communication between highly modernized commercial area and traditional market can lead to continuous win-win development of both areas and the revitalization of traditional market through the promotion of social activities in the market. We expect that sound and sustainable development of contemporary cities, which lost tradition, will be achieved through the results of this study.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.440-448
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• 2003

We have performed 3-D geomagnetic induction Modeling considering with anomalous conductive structures to interpret the conductive anomaly proposed by previous studies on the Korean Peninsula. The results of modeling coincide well with the observed induction arrow. we confirm the fact that Imjin River Belt and Ogcheon Belt presumed in the model are reasonable. In the western-middle area of the peninsula (YIN, ICHN) the induction arrows seem to reflect the existence for the Imjin River Belt and the induction arrows in western-south area (HNS, CHY, DZN, MWN) is likely to reflect the effect of the Ogcheon Belt. The difference arrows, calculated by subtracting the sea effect from observed induction arrow in the western area of the peninsula at the period of 60-minutes, show little difference with the observed induction arrows. Especially, the difference arrows in YIN, ICHN also show a similar pattern to those at the periods longer than 10-minutes. These results strongly suggest that the Imjin River Belt and the Ogcheon Belt extend down to the deep part of the crust in spite of the limitation of our model.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.67-73
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• 2016

The present study evaluated the blocking effect of natural and artificial topography on sunshine duration in the southern coastal area of Haui-do. The geospatial data for the target area was constructed by geographic information system(GIS) data. Three-dimensional modeling based on solar azimuth and altitude angles was conducted for the assessment of sunshine environment. The sunshine area was evaluated over 80~90% of the target area in the daytime, especially in summer. The blocking effect of mountainous terrain on sunshine duration was presented at the northern residential area in the late afternoon. There was also the effect of artificial topography by construction of fill-up bank on sunshine environment at the southern residential area early in the morning and the south-western part of salt field in the late afternoon.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.55-69
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• 2003

A spinifex textured komatiite sample of Early Tertiary age, from the Gorgona Islands of Colombia in South America, was petrographically and geochemically studied, and compared with the previous researches of the komatiites including other Precambrian komatiites in South Africa, Western Australia and Canada. The sample shows the komatiitic characteristics in its petrography and geochemistry very well, i.e. in high specific gravity (2.98) and density (3.2), rock forming minerals, spinifex texture, major and race element abundances and REE pattern. In particular the REE pattern for it strongly suggests that the Gorgona komatiite must have been crystallized from a magma generated from a depleted mantle as that of Munro Township area in Ontario, Canada which is pyroxenite komatiite or basaltic komatiite of Group I of the Archean.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.140-148
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• 2003

On the basis of factor analysis, stations were grouped according to their similar characteristics of seawater quality. The data for factor analysis were collected from the 15 stations from Dukryang Bay to Ulsan Bay on the southern cost of Korea. The study was based on the data from 1991 to 2000. The 8 water quality items analyzed were temperature, salinity, pH, DO, COD, DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen), DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus), and SS (suspended solid). Analysis of 6 water quality items including DO with the exception of temperature and salinity showed that 15 stations were grouped into two zones, i.e., the western and the eastern coast, by the axis of Samcheonpo-Jinju Bay-south of Geoje, 3 seawater zones in all. The adjacent stations to the southward or northward but not those to the eastward or westward were classified into the same group. On the analysis of all of the 8 water quality items, the stations of Dukryang Bay and Goheung; and those of Onsan and Ulsan Bay were classified into the same group. Yeosu and Namhae stations were sectioned into 1 group on the all seawater quality items but DIP, Samcheonpo and south of Geoje stations another group on all seawater quality items but water temperature, and Masan and Busan stations in the other group on all seawater quality items but DO. The stations from Dukryang Bay through Goheung to east of Geoje were grouped together on the COD item, and this showed somewhat different tendency in other seawater quality items.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2022

Background: In South Korea, African swine fever virus (ASFV) has spread among wild boars through Gangwon-do to Dangyang-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do on the southern border of Gangwon-do. To prevent the spread of ASFV to African swine fever (ASF)-free areas, it is necessary to identify areas with a high probability of finding ASFV-infected carcasses and to reduce the density of wild boars in those areas. In this study, we described the propagation trend of ASFV among wild boars, constructed the habitat suitability maps for ASFV-infected carcasses, and suggested areas with a high probability of finding ASFV-infected carcasses and an important route of ASFV transmission. Results: Despite the active quarantine policies in Korea to prevent the spread of ASFV through wild boars, there was no significant difference in the monthly average of number of ASFV-infected carcasses observed between 2020 and 2021. The ASFV-infected carcasses were found more in winter and spring (January to April). Since the first ASF outbreak in wild boars on October 2, 2019, the maximum width of ASFV-infected carcass distribution area was 222.7 km for about 26 months till November 20, 2021. The habitat suitability map, based on GPS coordinates of ASFV-infected wild boar carcasses, shows that highly detectable areas of ASFV-infected carcasses were sporadically dispersed in western and southwestern parts of Gangwon-do, and ranged from north to south of the province along the Baekdudaegan Mountains, whereas poorly detectable areas ranged along the north to the south in the middle parts of the province. Conclusions: Our suitability model, based on the GPS coordinates of ASFV-infected carcasses, identifies potential habitats where ASFV-infected carcasses are likely to be found and ponential routes where ASFV is likely to spread. Among ASF-free areas, the areas with high suitability predicted in this study should be given priority as survey areas to find ASFV-infected carcasses and hunting areas to reduce wild boar populations.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.429-439
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• 2005

The propose of this study is to identify distributional characteristics of winter droughts through occurrence frequencies and to analyze synoptic characteristics on the sea level pressure fields and 500hPa levels in Korea. The regional distributions of winter droughts in occurrence frequency vary according to the monthly regional distributions of the variabilities of precipitation in Korea. In January and December, the eastern parts of Korea where the variabilities of precipitation show high, have high rate of drought frequencies, while the western parts have low rate of it. It means that the regional distribution of the drought frequencies in January and December shows the east-high and west-low pattern, In February the frequencies show the north-high and south-low pattern. In the distributions of the sea-level pressure and 500hPa level height anomalies, the positive anomalies appear around Korean Peninsula and Siberian high area, the negative anomalies on the Aleutian low area and the western parts of North Pacific Ocean during the drought period in January and February. The droughts appear when the inflow of warm and humid air from the south eastern parts blocked by the prevailing pressure patterns of the west-high and east-low. Therefore, the zonal wind of the Korean Peninsula is strong. The droughts of December reflect not only low frequencies of cyclone occurrence, also small inflow of warm and humid air from the southern parts stemming from positive anomalies over whole middle latitude of eastern parts of Asia including Korean Peninsula.