• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2017

본 연구는 전문직 자아개념 및 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여 임상초음파사의 직무만족도를 높일 수 있는 방안을 마련하고자 수행하였다. 자료 수집은 일개지역 임상초음파사 141명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 사용하였다. 회수된 자료의 분석은 SPSS를 사용하였으며, 전문직 자아개념과 직무만족도의 차이검정은 독립표본 t 검정(independent t-test)과 일원배치분산분석(one way ANOVA)을 실시하였고 분석결과 통계적으로 유의성이 검증된 경우 Sheffe를 이용하여 사후검증 하였다. 그 결과 전문직 자아개념 및 직무만족도는 기혼일수록, 실무경력에 따른 급여가 적절한 경우와 전문자격증을 취득한 경우 높게 나타났다. 또한 직무만족에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 요인은 전문직 자아개념으로 분석되었다. 따라서 임상초음파사들의 직무만족도를 높이기 위해서는 업무능력 개발을 위한 전문자격 제도의 정착과 실무 경력에 따른 적절한 보상체계가 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2020

This study was intented as an investigation of the employment process into UAE for Korean and overseas sonographers to understand requirements for working abroad in regards to primary education curriculum and employment expansion abroad. A total of 10 candidates are selected who were working together with a job title of a cardiac sonographer in the same department under one hospital in Abu Dhabi, UAE. The candidates had clinical experience over 2 years in other countries after graduation and for 1 year at least in UAE. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, a web search and literature reviews. We analyzed the process regarding their curriculums studying in colleges, educational courses and certificates related medical fields. The findings were created with four essential themes: first, there are specific colleges or diploma courses corresponding academic major in United states, Portugal, Turkey, India and Pakistan. Secondly, healthcare professions were systemized by certifying as a specialist relevant medical fields. Thirdly, it is mandatory to be employed in UAE that are clinical experience for 2 years at least after graduation of specific courses. Lastly, It is required to work in UAE that is a license of healthcare authority under each state by taking a national examination or transferring own certificates to a current license in UAE. In conclusion, the results indicate that employing process for healthcare professionals depends on the educational requirements or clinical experience accumulated due to the various systems to be certified in each country. We believe that this study suggests experimental information for Korean job seekers considering working abroad in the medical ultrasound fields.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2023

심장초음파검사는 폐동맥고혈압 진단에 유용한 비침습 방법으로 심장초음파 검사자의 교육상태, 지식수준, 경력에 따라 영향을 받는다. 이 연구의 목적은 폐동맥고혈압으로 진단받은 환자의 심장초음파 영상을 경력이 다른 검사자 간의 측정값 일치도를 비교하는 것이다. 2020년 1월 1일부터 2020년 12월 31일까지 S 병원에서 폐동맥고혈압으로 진단받고 심장초음파 검사를 받은 148명 환자의 심장초음파 영상을 심장초음파검사 경력이 다른 3명의 검사자가 재측정하였다. 각 검사자가 측정한 심장초음파 측정값을 분석한 결과, 이산변수 분석에서 검사자 간 일치도 평가는 검사자 3과 심장내과 전문의 그룹에서 모두 우수한 일치도를 보여 검사 경력이 많을수록 측정값 예측에 유리했다. 또한, 연속변수에서 모든 검사자는 구조적으로 복잡한 우심실의 측정값보다 내면이 단순하고 명확한 우심방의 측정값에서 좋은 일치도를 보였다. 본 연구는 국내 최초로 심장초음파를 시행하는 임상병리사 중 경력이 다른 임상병리사들이 심장초음파 영상을 재측정한 측정값의 일치도를 분석한 것이다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.326-333
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• 2018

Background: Echocardiography involves strenuous postures of the upper limbs. This study explored the physical workload in the neck and upper limbs in sonographers performing echocardiography, and the extent to which the workload differs from than in other work tasks (other sonographic examinations, and nonsonographic tasks). Methods: The physical load was assessed by inclinometry, goniometry, and electromyography methods in 33 female sonographers during authentic work using three different echocardiography techniques and other work tasks. Results: Echocardiography was characterized by low velocities of the head, arms, and wrists, and a low proportion of muscular resting time in the forearms, in the transducer limb, and the computer limb. The transducer limb was more elevated in one of the techniques, but this technique also involved a higher proportion of muscular resting time of the trapezius muscle. We also found a high proportion of awkward wrist postures in the transducer wrist in all three techniques; in one due to prolonged flexion, and in the others due to prolonged extension. Other work tasks were less static, and were performed with higher upper arm and wrist velocities. Conclusion: None of the three echocardiography techniques was optimal concerning physical workload. Thus, to achieve more variation in physical load we recommend that the equipment be arranged so that the sonographer can alternate between two different techniques during the workday. We also propose alternation between echocardiography and nonsonographic tasks, in order to introduce variation in the physical workload. Clinical expertise should be used to achieve further improvements.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.389-397
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the demographic and job characteristics and job satisfaction of sonographers (SONO) and radiological technologists (RT). The subjects were a total of 148 people (69 SONO, 79 RT), who had been working in clinical and hospitals. The method was conducted using a questionnaire with a total of 54 questions consisting of demographic characteristics, job characteristics, and job satisfaction. Reliability was secured with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.6 or higher for the response of the questionnaire. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics, cross-analysis, independent sample T-test, and correlation analysis using Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearman's correlation coefficient were performed for each occupation. As a result, first, the SONO had more female workers than RT. They are more than three times as many in graduate school and above. Second, the SONO had 4.5 times more morning shift than the RT and no form of weekend shift. Third, the average monthly salary of the SONO is higher than that of the RT, but when a certain portion of the salary goes up, the salary no longer goes up. Fourth, satisfaction with expectations, growth desire, positive mentality, growth opportunity, job importance, organizational attachment was higher SONO than the RT, but self-efficacy was higher in RT than SONO. Last, SONO had higher educational background than RT. It is hoped that the results of this study will be able to understand the job characteristics of SONO and RT and identify the factors of job satisfaction and provide them as fundamental materials for job selection.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2019

본 논문은 초음파 검사 및 판독에 사용되는 CRT, LCD 모니터에서 영상검사와 판독 시 적절한 시각화에 대한 최적의 주변 조도 수준을 제안하고자 하였다. 평가자들은 4그룹 20명(Ultra-sonographer 20명(4 groups; ultra-sonographer 1~5 years 5명, ultra-sonographer 6~10 years 5명, ultra-sonographer 11~15 years 5명, ultra-sonographer 16~20 years 5명)을 대상으로 하였으며, 문항수는 32문항이었다. 평가방법은 10, 25, 100 Lux 3가지 주변광 조도에서 초음파 soft copy 영상을 1문항 당 30초간 영상 평가하였으며, 평가 결과를 6점 척도로 1점=Normal (Definitely no lesion), 2점=possibly not a lesion, 3점=probably not a lesion, 4점=possibly a lesion, 5점=probably a lesion, 6점=Definitely a lesion으로 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 주변광에 따른 초음파 영상들에 대한 병변 감지에 사용되는 소프트 카피(soft copy) 영상 판독 ROC분석 결과는 10 Lux에서 높은 민감도, 특이도, 곡선하면적 결과를 나타내었다. 주변광 조도로 10 Lux를 이용한다면 초음파(ultrasound) 소프트 카피(soft copy) 영상의 병변 탐지에 있어 최적의 효과를 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 추후 연구 자료를 기초로 하여 초음파 영상 검사실 및 판독실의 주변광 조명밝기를 설계하면서 기초자료로 제시될 것으로 생각한다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2010

Objectives: The objective of the current study is to determine whether an ultrasound device system is adequate for measuring distance from Sangwan (CV13) to pancreas. Methods: We recruited 3 healthy young male subjects and 2 sonographers. The each sonographer measured vertical shortest distance from CV13 to pancreas with a ultrasound device three times in random order. Because the total variation could be divided into repeatability, reproducibility and subject-to-subject variation in Gage R&R method, we compared the sources of variation associated with the measurement system with an analysis of variance model. Results & Conclusions: Number of distinct categories is calculated on the basis of standard deviation of subject-to-subject divided by standard deviation of total Gage R&R. If the number of categories is five or more, the measurement system may be acceptable for the analysis of the process. The number of distinct categories of the ultrasound device system for measuring distance from CV13 to pancreas was 6.29. So we concluded that repeatability and reproducibility of the ultrasound device system for measuring distance from CV13 to pancreas was acceptable.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2011

Objectives: The objective of the current study is to determine whether an ultrasound device system is adequate for measuring distance from the abdominal surface of Sangwan (CV13) to peritoneum in front of anterior surface of liver. Methods: We recruited 3 healthy young male subjects and 2 sonographers. The each sonographer measured vertical shortest distance from the abdominal surface of Sangwan (CV13) to peritoneum in front of anterior surface of liver with a ultrasound device with three methods of 3.5 MHz convex probe and gel, 9 MHz linear probe and gel, and 9 MHz linear probe and solid gel pad, three times in random order. Because the total variation could be divided into repeatability, reproducibility and subject-to-subject variation in Gage R&R method, we compared the sources of variation associated with the measurement system with an analysis of variance model. Results & Conclusions: Number of distinct categories is calculated on the basis of standard deviation of subject-to-subject divided by standard deviation of total Gage R&R. If the number of categories is five or more, the measurement system may be acceptable for the analysis of the process. The number of distinct categories of the ultrasound device system for measuring distance from the abdominal surface of Sangwan (CV13) to peritoneum in front of anterior surface of liver were 9.20 (9 MHz linear probe and gel), 14.70 (9 MHz linear probe and solid gel pad). So we concluded that repeatabilities and reproducibilities of the ultrasound device system for measuring distance from the abdominal surface of Sangwan (CV13) to peritoneum in front of anterior surface of liver with the methods of 9 MHz linear probe and gel, and 9 MHz linear probe and solid gel pad were acceptable.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.395-400
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• 2002

본 증례는 산전 초음파로 재태연령 27주에 태아 간석회화를 발견하여 당시 시행한 산모의 TORCHS 검사는 정상, 양수천자로 시행한 염색체 분석은 46,XY, 초음파상 다른 장기 이상이 없어서 만삭 분만하였다. 출생시 외견상 기형 없이 건강하게 태어났고, 출생 후에 복부팽만 및 태변배출 지연 등의 증상이 없었고, 복부 초음파 검사상 종괴나 비장의 석회화 없이 간의 우엽에만 국한된 다수의 석회화가 있었고, 환아의 TORCH 검사는 음성, 초음파 추적 검사상 석회화 음영의 변화가 없었고, 추적 조사한 간기능 검사나 ${\alpha}-FP$도 정상이었으며, 현재 만 5세로 증상이 없이 건강하게 지내고 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3835-3838
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• 2015

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of IOTA simple rules in predicting malignant adnexal tumors by non-expert examiners. Materials and Methods: Five obstetric/gynecologic residents, who had never performed gynecologic ultrasound examination by themselves before, were trained for IOTA simple rules by an experienced examiner. One trained resident performed ultrasound examinations including IOTA simple rules on 100 women, who were scheduled for surgery due to ovarian masses, within 24 hours of surgery. The gold standard diagnosis was based on pathological or operative findings. The five-trained residents performed IOTA simple rules on 30 patients for evaluation of inter-observer variability. Results: A total of 100 patients underwent ultrasound examination for the IOTA simple rules. Of them, IOTA simple rules could be applied in 94 (94%) masses including 71 (71.0%) benign masses and 29 (29.0%) malignant masses. The diagnostic performance of IOTA simple rules showed sensitivity of 89.3% (95%CI, 77.8%; 100.7%), specificity 83.3% (95%CI, 74.3%; 92.3%). Inter-observer variability was analyzed using Cohen's kappa coefficient. Kappa indices of the four pairs of raters are 0.713-0.884 (0.722, 0.827, 0.713, and 0.884). Conclusions: IOTA simple rules have high diagnostic performance in discriminating adnexal masses even when are applied by non-expert sonographers, though a training course may be required. Nevertheless, they should be further tested by a greater number of general practitioners before widely use.